Pet ownership and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in people     

AK Sutherland 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(11):282-282

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Vaccinating against bovine babesiosis     

AK Sutherland 《Australian veterinary journal》1998,76(9):621-621

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Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, phytosterol, and tocopherol variations in kernel oil of Malatya apricots from Turkey     

Turan S  Topcu A  Karabulut I  Vural H  Hayaloglu AA 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(26):10787-10794

The fatty acid, sn-2 fatty acid, triacyglycerol (TAG), tocopherol, and phytosterol compositions of kernel oils obtained from nine apricot varieties grown in the Malatya region of Turkey were determined ( P<0.05). The names of the apricot varieties were Alyanak (ALY), Cataloglu (CAT), C?loglu (COL), Hacihaliloglu (HAC), Hacikiz (HKI), Hasanbey (HSB), Kabaasi (KAB), Soganci (SOG), and Tokaloglu (TOK). The total oil contents of apricot kernels ranged from 40.23 to 53.19%. Oleic acid contributed 70.83% to the total fatty acids, followed by linoleic (21.96%), palmitic (4.92%), and stearic (1.21%) acids. The s n-2 position is mainly occupied with oleic acid (63.54%), linoleic acid (35.0%), and palmitic acid (0.96%). Eight TAG species were identified: LLL, OLL, PLL, OOL+POL, OOO+POO, and SOO (where P, palmitoyl; S, stearoyl; O, oleoyl; and L, linoleoyl), among which mainly OOO+POO contributed to 48.64% of the total, followed by OOL+POL at 32.63% and OLL at 14.33%. Four tocopherol and six phytosterol isomers were identified and quantified; among these, gamma-tocopherol (475.11 mg/kg of oil) and beta-sitosterol (273.67 mg/100 g of oil) were predominant. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the data from lipid components of apricot kernel oil in order to explore the distribution of the apricot variety according to their kernel's lipid components. PCA separated some varieties including ALY, COL, KAB, CAT, SOG, and HSB in one group and varieties TOK, HAC, and HKI in another group based on their lipid components of apricot kernel oil. So, in the present study, PCA was found to be a powerful tool for classification of the samples.  相似文献   

Production of Wild Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) Embryos by Interspecies Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Using Domestic Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Oocytes     

D Priya  NL Selokar  AK Raja  M Saini  AA Sahare  N Nala  P Palta  MS Chauhan  RS Manik  SK Singla 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2014,49(2):343-351

The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of producing wild buffalo embryos by interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) through handmade cloning using wild buffalo somatic cells and domestic buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) oocytes. Somatic cells derived from the ear skin of wild buffalo were found to express vimentin but not keratin and cytokeratin‐18, indicating that they were of fibroblast origin. The population doubling time of skin fibroblasts from wild buffalo was significantly (p < 0.05) higher, and the cell proliferation rate was significantly (p < 0.05) lower compared with that of skin fibroblasts from domestic buffalo. Neither the cleavage (92.6 ± 2.0% vs 92.8 ± 2.0%) nor the blastocyst rate (42.4 ± 2.4% vs 38.7 ± 2.8%) was significantly different between the intraspecies cloned embryos produced using skin fibroblasts from domestic buffalo and interspecies cloned embryos produced using skin fibroblasts from wild buffalo. However, the total cell number (TCN) was significantly (p < 0.05) lower (192.0 ± 25.6 vs 345.7 ± 42.2), and the apoptotic index was significantly (p < 0.05) higher (15.1 ± 3.1 vs 8.0 ± 1.4) for interspecies than that for intraspecies cloned embryos. Following vitrification in open‐pulled straws (OPS) and warming, although the cryosurvival rate of both types of cloned embryos, as indicated by their re‐expansion rate, was not significantly different (34.8 ± 1.5% vs 47.8 ± 7.8), the apoptotic index was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for vitrified–warmed interspecies than that for corresponding intraspecies cloned embryos (48.9 ± 7.2 vs 23.9 ± 2.8). The global level of H3K18ac was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in interspecies cloned embryos than that in intraspecies cloned embryos. The expression level of HDAC1, DNMT3a and CASPASE3 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher, that of P53 was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in interspecies than in intraspecies embryos, whereas that of DNMT1 was similar between the two types of embryos. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that wild buffalo embryos can be produced by iSCNT.  相似文献   

75 years — a retrospective look at the AVA     

AK SUTHERLAND 《Australian veterinary journal》1996,74(1):36-36

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Vacuum Squeezing of Solids: Macroscopic Quantum States Driven by Light Pulses     

GA Garrett  AG Rojo  AK Sood  JF Whitaker  R Merlin 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,275(5306):1638-1640

Femtosecond laser pulses and coherent two-phonon Raman scattering were used to excite KTaO3 into a squeezed state, nearly periodic in time, in which the variance of the atomic displacements dips below the standard quantum limit for half of a cycle. This nonclassical state involves a continuum of transverse acoustic modes that leads to oscillations in the refractive index associated with the frequency of a van Hove singularity in the phonon density of states.  相似文献   

Low-Temperature Nonoxidative Activation of Methane over H-Galloaluminosilicate (MFI) Zeolite     

VR Choudhary  AK Kinage  TV Choudhary 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1997,275(5304):1286-1288

Conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons by its low-temperature activation without forming undesirable carbon oxides is of great scientific and practical importance. Methane can be highly activated, yielding high rates of conversion to higher hydrocarbons and aromatics (10 to 45 percent) at low temperatures (400° to 600°C), by its reaction over H-galloaluminosilicate ZSM-5 type (MFI) zeolite in the presence of alkenes or higher alkanes. The methane activation results from its hydrogen-transfer reaction with alkenes.  相似文献   

Some recent achievements of veterinary science in Australia     

AK SUTHERLAND 《Australian veterinary journal》1994,71(7):193-195

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Impact of molybdenum on the copper status of red deer (Cervus elaphus)     

ND Grace  PR Wilson  AK Quinn 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):137-141

AIM: To determine the effect of increasing molybdenum (Mo) intakes on serum and liver copper (Cu) concentrations and growth rates of grazing red deer (Cervus elaphus).

METHODS: Molybdenum- and Cu-amended fertilisers were applied to six 1.1-ha paddocks in a 3 × 2 design. Three levels of Mo were applied on two paddocks at each level in mid April (designated Day 1); levels were: none (control), 0.5 (medium) and 1.0 (high) kg Mo/ha as sodium molybdate. In late May (Day 39), two levels of Cu (none and 3.0 kg Cu/ha, as copper sulphate) were applied to each of the three levels of Mo-treated paddocks. Pasture Mo, Cu and sulphur (S) concentrations were measured at about fortnightly intervals. In late June (Day 74), ten 6-month-old red deer hinds were placed on the six experimental pastures, and serum and liver Cu concentrations were monitored at about monthly intervals for 102 days. The hinds were weighed on four occasions during the trial.

RESULTS: Mean pasture Mo concentrations on Day 56 were 2, 4.6 and 11.3 mg/kg dry matter (DM) for the untreated control, medium and high Mo-treated pastures, respectively. Pasture Cu concentration was 95 mg/kg DM on Day 59, 53 mg/kg DM on Day 90, and 9 mg/kg DM by Day 153. Mean S concentration in pasture was 3.3 (range 3.03–3.45) g/kg DM. Copper application to pasture had no significant effect on serum and liver Cu concentrations in deer so data were pooled within Mo treatment. Mean initial (Day 74) serum Cu concentration was 9.2 µmol/L. In the deer grazing the control Mo pasture, this increased to 10.3 µmol/L on Day 112, before decreasing to 6.4 µmol/L on Day 176. In deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, mean serum Cu concentrations were 3.8 and 3.9 µmol/L, respectively, on Day 112, and 2.5 and 3.3 µmol/L, respectively, on Day 176. Mean initial (Day 74) liver Cu concentration was 131 µmol/kg fresh tissue. In the deer grazing the control Mo pasture, this declined to 120 and 52 µmol/kg on Days 112 and Day 176, respectively. In deer grazing the medium and high Motreated pastures, liver Cu concentrations decreased to 55 and 52 µmol/kg fresh tissue, respectively, on Day 112, and 21 and 20 µmol/kg fresh tissue, respectively, on Day 176. Mean serum and liver Cu concentrations were not significantly different between deer grazing the medium and high Mo-treated pastures, and were lower (serum p=0.003, liver p<0.001) in those groups than in deer grazing the untreated control pastures. No clinical signs of Cu deficiency associated with lameness were observed. Deer grazing pastures that had Mo concentrations >10 mg/kg DM had lower (p=0.002) growth rates (100 vs 130 g/day) than those on pastures containing <2.4 mg Mo/kg DM.

CONCLUSION: Increasing pasture Mo concentrations from 2 mg/kg DM to ≥4.6 mg/kg DM significantly reduced serum and liver Cu concentrations in grazing deer. Reduced growth rate was observed at pasture Mo concentrations >10 mg/kg DM.  相似文献   

Investigation of developmental toxicity and teratogenicity of macrolide antibiotics in cultured rat embryos     

Karabulut AK  Uysal II  Acar H  Fazliogullari Z 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2008,37(5):369-375

Macrolides are considered to be one of the safest anti-infective groups in clinical use, with severe adverse reactions being rare. However, there are limited data about their embryotoxicity and teratogenicity. We aimed to investigate and compare the effects of these agents on embryonic growth and development. Rat embryos were cultured in vitro for 48 h in rat serum. Whole rat serum was used as a culture medium for the control group while different concentrations of spiramycin and azithromycin (1.25-6.25 microg/ml), and clarithromycin (2.5-30 microg/ml) were added to rat serum for the experimental groups. Dose-dependent effects of macrolides on embryonic developmental parameters were compared using morphological methods. Embryos were evaluated for the presence of any malformations. After morphological examination of the embryos, total DNA was extracted from the cells using standard procedures to determine fragmentation of nuclear DNA of embryonic cells. When compared with the control embryos, the macrolides significantly decreased all growth and developmental parameters dose dependently. While clarithromycin was found to cause more developmental toxicity than spiramycin and azithromycin, azitromycin was determined to have more teratogenicity potential. Compared with controls, there was no difference regarding the fragmentation of nuclear DNA of all the agents used. According to these results, when the toxic and teratogenic potential of the used agents compared, because of the lower toxic and teratogenic effects observed with spiramycin, this agent may be preferred for parturients.  相似文献