Correlation of DNA ploidy to tumor histologic grade, clinical variables, and survival in dogs with mast cell tumors.     

R D Ayl  C G Couto  A S Hammer  S Weisbrode  J G Ericson  L Mathes 《Veterinary pathology》1992,29(5):386-390

By using flow cytometry, a retrospective analysis of the DNA content of 40 primary canine mast cell tumors and seven lymph nodes that contained metastatic mast cell tumor from 44 dogs of various breed, sex, and age was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of the tumors and nodes. These samples were chosen according to the following criteria: samples contained sufficient well-preserved tumor tissue in the paraffin block for processing, sufficient patient history data were available, clean and homogeneous cell suspensions were obtained after processing, and interpretable DNA histograms were produced on analysis. The ploidy data obtained were compared with the histopathologic grade, the anatomical site of occurrence, the clinical stage of the tumors, and the survival of the dogs. Over 70% (29/40) of the mast cell tumors were diploid. Three metastatic mast cell tumors in lymph nodes had the same ploidy status as their corresponding primary tumors. In five dogs, mast cell tumors from multiple sites in each dog displayed similar ploidy status. Of 26 dogs evaluated for survival times, 69% (18/26) had diploid tumors and 31% (8/26) had aneuploid tumors. When numbers of diploid versus aneuploid tumors were compared, no significant difference was found between any two grades, clinical stages, or anatomic sites. A significant difference (P = 0.02) was found, however, between aneuploid and diploid tumors when comparing Stage I and non-Stage I disease. The Kaplan-Meier survival plot indicated a tendency towards an increased survival within the first year in dogs with diploid versus aneuploid tumors (P = 0.06).  相似文献   

Leiomyoma of the third eyelid in a dog          下载免费PDF全文

Rachel L. Mathes  Sarah J. Noble  Angela E. Ellis 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(4):347-354

A 14‐year‐old neutered male Dachshund presented for the evaluation of oculus dexter (OD) third eyelid elevation ongoing for approximately 2 months. Complete ophthalmic examination revealed a large, nonpainful, well‐demarcated, soft mass at the base of the right third eyelid causing elevation and mild hyperemia. The mass was freely moveable with the third eyelid, and no right globe deviation was noted. No other abnormalities were noted on physical examination, routine blood chemistry, complete blood count, serum T4, urinalysis, or urine cortisol/creatinine ratio. Ocular B‐mode ultrasonography showed an anechoic, well‐demarcated, homogenous, soft tissue mass at the base of the third eyelid with no orbital extension. A leiomyoma was diagnosed after multiple punch biopsies were obtained from the palpebral surface of the mass. The right third eyelid was excised surgically. Histopathology confirmed a completely excised, nodular, unencapsulated, expansile mass within the third eyelid. Positive smooth muscle actin and negative S‐100 immunohistochemistry confirmed a leiomyoma. Bundles of normal smooth muscle were also present adjacent to the mass. The mass was compressing the adjacent lacrimal gland and associated with moderate dacryoadenitis. Twelve months postoperatively, the right globe position and motility remain normal with no evidence of mass regrowth. To the author's knowledge, this is the first reported case of a leiomyoma of the third eyelid in any species. In this case, the mass was completely excised and no regrowth has occurred twelve months after surgery. This case along with independently reviewed canine third eyelids clearly demonstrates the presence of smooth muscle within the canine third eyelid.  相似文献   

SV40 Immortalization of feline fibroblasts as targets for MHC-restricted cytotoxic T-cell assays     

Köksoy S  Phipps AJ  Hayes KA  Mathes LE 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2001,79(3-4):285-295

CTL assays in outbred cats have been difficult to perform because of a lack of a good source of syngeneic target cell. Primary fibroblasts from cats are widely used as target cells for MHC-restricted cytotoxic T-cell (CTL) assays, but their limited life-spans of 8-10 culture passages can be problematic for longitudinal studies. To circumvent the life-span limitations of primary fibroblast cultures, we developed a procedure for immortalizing feline primary fibroblast cells by transfection with a molecular clone of simian virus 40 (SV40). Fibroblast cultures from skin biopsies of 28 cats were immortalized using this procedure and have been passaged for longer than 6 months without showing any phenotypic difference from the original primary cells. Non-SV40 transfected feline fibroblasts from a selection of animals in the same group survived for only 6-8 weeks before reaching senescence. The immortalized fibroblasts expressed SV40 T-antigen and Class I MHC protein, and were successfully used as target cells in 51Cr release CTL assays in feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats and in vitro stimulated allogeneic T-cell cultures.  相似文献   

Feline leukemia vaccine: efficacy, contents and probable mechanism   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J M Mastro  M G Lewis  L E Mathes  R Sharpee  M J Tarr  R G Olsen 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1986,11(3):205-213

An effective subunit vaccine against feline leukemia virus infection and related diseases has been developed. The source of the vaccine immunogen is feline retrovirus persistently infected cells that continuously synthesize and shed virus polypeptides. Western blot analysis identifies FeLV-gp70, p27, p15, p12, and p10 in the subunit vaccine preparation. Cats immunized with the vaccine developed antibodies to a 70,000 MW protein of the vaccine that seems to be distinct from, but related to the FeLV-gp70 polypeptide.  相似文献   

Evaluation of β-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-glucans and High-M alginate used as immunostimulatory dietary supplement during first feeding and weaning of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.)     

Jorunn Skjermo  Trond R. Størseth  Karina Hansen  Gunvor Øie 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(3):1088-1101

Stimulation of the non-specific defence enhances the disease resistance and growth, and has good potentials as a measure for increased microbial control in juvenile production of marine fish and shellfish. So far, the most commonly used immunostimulants are β-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-glucans, and in this study the stimulatory potential of a β-(1 → 3, 1 → 6)-glucan of marine origin, the storage polysaccharide from the marine diatom Chaetoceros mülleri, was examined. The glucan (chrysolaminaran) was extracted from cultures of C. mülleri, and used as a dietary supplement in two first feeding experiments with larvae of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. In one experiment the microalgal glucan was compared to the commercial yeast-glucan product MacroGard®, and in the other to an alginate with a high content of mannuronic acid (High-M alginate) isolated from Durvillaea antarctica. The stimulants were given via rotifers, and weaning to formulated feed was initiated at day 17 or 18 after hatching. The survival ± SEM at day 27 after hatching was 24.5 ± 2.0%, 14.8 ± 4.5% and 13.1 ± 1.4% for the groups fed C. mülleri-glucan, yeast glucan and for the control, respectively, in the first experiment. The group fed C. mülleri-glucan group had higher survival compared to the control (P < 0.05) group, whereas the yeast glucan had no positive effect on the survival (p > 0.05). The dry weights of the groups at day 27 were low, with 203.2 ± 52.2, 165.2 ± 43.4 and 198.5 ± 58.1 μg per larva for the C. mülleri-glucan, yeast glucan and control groups, respectively. In the second experiment the survival in the period of feeding formulated feed (days 18-30) were 44.6 ± 4.3%, 44.7 ± 1.3%, and 33.8 ± 4.1% survival for the C. mülleri-glucan, High-M alginate and control group, respectively. The cod larvae fed C. mülleri-glucan reached an average weight of 531.6 ± 17.2 μg at day 30, which was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the control group that had an average of 473.6 ± 3.5 μg. The larvae fed High-M alginate had an average weight of 470.3 ± 31.6 μg per larva at day 30, and not significantly different from the control (p > 0.05). The early weaning to formulated diet had detrimental effect on the growth of the larvae. In both experiments the C. mülleri-glucan group was the only group showing a positive growth rate in the period of weaning to dry feed. The microbial conditions in larval gut and water were monitored with respect to total colony forming units on Marine agar, and Vibrio- and Pseudomonas-like species on selective agars (TCBS and marine Pseudomonas Agar with CFC-supplement). The larvae were rapidly colonised after hatching, but no or weak effects of the stimulants were observed on the colonisation rates or the composition. The total CFU varied from 10¹ to 10² CFU per μg larva after initiation of the first feeding. The percentages of Pseudomonas-like bacteria increased throughout the period, whereas the levels of Vibrio-like bacteria were low and stable. The chrysolaminaran from the diatom C. mülleri was shown to be a promising candidate for use as an immunostimulatory feed additive, and which should be further explored.  相似文献   

Tracking Anthropogenic Inputs in Barigui River, Brazil Using Biomarkers     

Sandro Froehner  Daniele Botelho Souza  Karina Scurupa Machado  Edson Cordova da Rosa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,210(1-4):33-41

The Barigüi River watershed is located in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Southern Brazil, passing through several neighboring counties. In recent years, due to growth and disorderly occupation along the river, in addition to lack of sanitation, the Barigüi River suffered a very large inflow of untreated domestic wastewater. Current programs to monitor the watershed use traditional physical–chemical parameters. Here, the presence of some molecular tracers found in domestic effluents was investigated, such as caffeine and coprostanol at some selected sites in Barigüi River. Caffeine is highly soluble in water and its presence in water bodies is due to the disposal of untreated sewage. Caffeine is eliminated in the urine (approximately 0.5% to 10% of the consumption). The samples were collected in three campaigns, two in dry weather and another during a week in the rainy season. The results showed that caffeine concentration ranged between zero and 753.5 μg g^?1. Higher values were found on rainy days. Caffeine showed a positive correlation between BOD and nitrate; it also showed a positive correlation with coprostanol, a fecal biomarker. Finally, caffeine has been shown to be a good parameter to determine the contamination by domestic wastewater.  相似文献   

Occurrence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) crops from organic production     

Gonzalez M  Miglioranza KS  Aizpún de Moreno JE  Moreno VJ 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(5):1353-1359

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were quantified by GC-ECD in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) during a vegetation period. Plants were harvested at 15, 60, and 151 days after seed germination. Leaves, stem, roots, and fruit (peel and flesh) were analyzed separately. The results showed that tomato plants were able to accumulate OCPs from soils, and a trend to reach the equilibrium among tissues at mature stages was also observed. Endosulfans comprised the main OCP group, probably due to its spray during summer months in the surrounding areas. Banned pesticides such as DDTs, heptachlor, and dieldrin were found. OCPs levels in the fruit were below the maximum residues limits (MRL) considered by the Codex Alimentarius. DDE/DDT and alpha-/gamma-HCH ratios of <1 would indicate recent inputs of DDT and lindane in the environment. The occurrence of OCPs in the study farm, where agrochemicals have never been used, is a result of atmospheric deposition of those pesticides.  相似文献   

Protecting invaders for profit     

Lambertucci SA  Speziale KL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,332(6025):35

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Diversity considerations in HIV-1 vaccine selection     

Gaschen B  Taylor J  Yusim K  Foley B  Gao F  Lang D  Novitsky V  Haynes B  Hahn BH  Bhattacharya T  Korber B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5577):2354-2360

Globally, human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) is extraordinarily variable, and this diversity poses a major obstacle to AIDS vaccine development. Currently, candidate vaccines are derived from isolates, with the hope that they will be sufficiently cross-reactive to protect against circulating viruses. This may be overly optimistic, however, given that HIV-1 envelope proteins can differ in more than 30% of their amino acids. To contend with the diversity, country-specific vaccines are being considered, but evolutionary relationships may be more useful than regional considerations. Consensus or ancestor sequences could be used in vaccine design to minimize the genetic differences between vaccine strains and contemporary isolates, effectively reducing the extent of diversity by half.  相似文献   

"D" people and "s" people     

Mathes RC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1969,164(3880):630

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