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Two inactivated vaccines were prepared against hydropericardium syndrome. The vaccine prepared from liver homogenate extracted with chloroform, inactivated with formalin and adjuvanted with liquid paraffin was highly effective against challenge in chickens aged three, five and seven weeks. Seroconversion following vaccination and challenge was assessed by the agar gel immunodiffusion test. The inactivated oil emulsion vaccine was highly effective against the syndrome in both experimental trials and field trials. 相似文献
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Thangavelu A. Dhinakar Raj G. Elankumaran S. Murali manohar B. Koteeswaran A. Venugopalan A.T. 《Tropical animal health and production》1998,30(3):167-176
The pathogenicity and immunosuppressive properties of two field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) and five commercial IBDV live virus vaccines marketed in India were evaluated in this study. The pathogenicity of the wild type viruses and vaccines were based on mortality, the bursa:body weight ratio and microscopic lesions in the bursa in 3-week-old chicks that received these viruses. The immunosuppressive effects of these viruses were evaluated by measuring the antibody responses to sheep red blood cells, Brucella abortus plain antigen and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine in one-day-old chicks. One field isolate (N35/93) was found to be more pathogenic and immunosuppressive than the other (N45/92) while none of the commercial mild Lukert type vaccines were found to be pathogenic. One of the vaccine strains marked as Mild Lukert type was highly immunosuppressive; one was moderate and one could be classified as mild. Both the intermediate vaccines tested were highly immunosuppressive. 相似文献
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Raj GD Thangavelu A Elankumaran S Koteeswaran A 《Tropical animal health and production》2000,32(3):173-178
The rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE) test was used for the qualitative detection and quantitative estimation of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) specific antigen in experimentally infected chickens and samples collected from suspected outbreaks. The IBDV specific antigen was detected in the bursae of experimentally inoculated chickens up to 5 days post infection (PI) by the agar gel precipitation (AGP) test and 7 days PI by the RIE test. The RIE detected IBDV specific antigen in a significantly greater number of samples collected from the field outbreaks than the conventional AGP test. Exudative bursae were found to have a higher antigen content than haemorrhagic bursae and are recommended as the material of choice for diagnosis of IBD. This test could also be used to quantify IBDV specific antigen in commercial killed vaccines. 相似文献
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Newcastle disease virus isolated from an outbreak in racing pigeons in India was found to be velogenic, based on the mean time to death in 10-day-old embryonated hen's eggs, the intravenous pathogenicity index in 6-week-old chickens and the pathogenesis in chickens and pigeons. The virus induced disease in chickens without prior adaptation in chickens. The virus was antigenically unusual since it could not be grouped with the available panel of monoclonal antibodies at the World Reference Laboratory for Newcastle disease, UK. However, commercially available lentogenic and mesogenic vaccines provided 100% protection to chickens against this antigenically unusual NDV. 相似文献
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G. Dhinakar Raj A. Thangavelu S. Elankumaran A. Koteeswaran A. T. Venugopalan 《Veterinary research communications》1994,18(4):289-293
Quantitative counter-immunoelectrophoresis was standardized to detect antibodies to the avian infectious bursal disease virus. This technique correlated well with the conventional quantitative agar gel precipitation test in estimating antibodies to IBDV. The use of blood dried on filter paper as an alternative to serum is discussed. QCIE is simple, easy to perform and faster than QAGP.Abbreviations AGP
agar gel precipitation
- CID50
half-minimal chick infective dose
- CIE
counter-immunoelectrophoresis
- EEO
electroendosmosis
- IBD
infectious bursal disease
- IBDV
infectious bursal disease virus
- QAGP
quantitative agar gel precipitation
- QCIE
quantitative counter-immunoelectrophoresis 相似文献
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S. Elankumaran G. Dhinakar Raj A. Thangavelu A. Koteeswaran A. Albert A. T. Venugopalan 《Tropical animal health and production》1996,28(4):293-297
Summary Micro-haemagglutination inhibition tests (Micro-HI) were used to measure the level of maternal IgG in the tears of chicks and also to measure the levels of HI antibodies in the tears and serum after vaccination with F strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and in the face of an outbreak of Newcastle disease. There was a 1·4 fold difference between the maternal IgG concentration in the serum and tears. The ratio of serum IgG to lachrymal IgG after maternal transfer was 4 to 5 : 1 on day 4 to 9 and decreased to 2·6 : 1 on day 12 post-hatch. The intra-ocular vaccination of chicks with F strain of NDV resulted in the highest titre of HI antibodies in the tears though there was no significant difference in the response of chicks vaccinated through intranasal, oral and intravenous routes.In the face of an ND outbreak, the level of HI antibodies in the tears during the acute phase was very high and persisted at the same level for 14 days.
Determinacion De Anticuerpos Frente Al Virus De Newcastle En Lagrimas
Resumen Se utilizaron tests de inhibición de la microhemoaglutinación (micro-HI) para medir el nivel de IgG maternas en las lágrimas de pollitos y también para medir los niveles de anticuerpos HI en las lágrimas y en el suero después de vacunar con la estirpe F del virus de la enfermedad de Newcastle (NDV) y durante una epidemia de la enfermedad de Newcastle. Hubo una diferencia de 1·4 veces entre la concentración de IgG maternas en el suero y en las lágrimas. El cociente entre las IgG del suero y de las lágrimas tras la transferencia materna fue 4–5: 1 entre los días 4 y 9 y disminuyó a 2·6 : 1 el día 12 posteclosión. La vacunación intraocular de los pollitos con la estirpe F del NDV dió lugar al título más elevado de anticuerpos HI en las lágrimas, si bien las differencias entre animales vacunados por vía intranasal, oral y endovenosa no fueron significativas. Durante una epidemia de la enfermedad de Newcastle, el nivel de anticuerpos HI en las lágrimas durante la fase aguda fue muy alto y se mantuvo constante durante 14 días.
Estimation Du Taux d'Anticorps Contre Le Virus De La Maladie De Newcastle Dans Les Larmes
Résumé Des tests d'inhibition par micro-hemoagglutination (Micro-Hi) furent utilisés pour mesurer, soit les taux d'IgG maternelles dans les larmes des poussins, soit les taux d'anticorps Hi dans les larmes et les sérums après vaccination avec une souche F du virus de la maladie de Newcastle (NDV) et dans le cas d'une épidémie de la maladie de Newcastle. Le ratio entre les IgG maternelles dans le sérum et les larmes fut de 1,4. Le ratio entre les IgG dans le sérum et les IgG dans les larmes était de 4 à 5 pour 4 entre le jours 4 et 9 et diminua à 2,6; 12 jours après éclosion. La vaccination intra-oculaire des poussins avec une souche F du virus de la maladie de Newcastle donna les plus hauts taux d'anticorps Hi dans les larmes, cependant il n'y eut pas de différence significative dans la réaction des poussins après vaccination intranasale, orale ou intraveineuse.Durant une épidémie de la maladie de Newcastle, le niveau des anticorps Hi dans les larmes pendant la phase auguë fut très élevé et persista à ce niveau pendant 14 jours.相似文献