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Rokibul Islam KHAN Sada ANDO Toshihiro TAKAHASHI Tetsuo MORITA Ryoji ONODERA 《Animal Science Journal》2003,74(4):313-319
Suspensions of mixed rumen bacteria (B), protozoa (P), and mixed rumen microorganisms (BP) prepared from rumen contents of fistulated goats were anaerobically incubated with 1 mM p‐hydroxyphenylacetic acid (HPA) at 39°C for 24 h. Tyrosine (Tyr), phenylalanine (Phe), tryptophan (Trp) and other related compounds in both supernatants and hydrolyzates of microbial cells in all incubations were analyzed by HPLC. Large amounts of Tyr (32.1, 42.7 and 36.1% of disappeared HPA in B, P and BP, respectively) were produced from HPA during a 12 h incubation period. The formation of Tyr in P (178.6 µmol/g MN) was 1.5 and 2 times higher than in B and BP, respectively. Phe (7–11% of the disappeared HPA) and Trp (3–6% of the disappeared HPA) were also synthesized from HPA in B, P, and BP. Phe synthesis in P (46.3 µmol/g MN) was 1.7 times higher than in B but, in contrast, Trp synthesis in B, was 1.6 times higher than in P. The metabolites p‐hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid (in the range of 5–14% of disappeared HPA), phenylacetic acid (1–11%), p‐hydroxybenzoic acid (3–7%) and benzoic acid (1–6%) were produced from HPA in B, P and BP. Phenylpropionic acid (6% of the disappeared HPA) was produced only in B and BP. 相似文献
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Shiaki TAKAGI Shunji HAYASHI Koichi TAKAHASHI Hiroshi ISOGAI Lanlan BAI Hiroshi YONEYAMA Tasuke ANDO Kumiko ITO Emiko ISOGAI 《Animal Science Journal》2012,83(6):482-486
A bovine myeloid antimicrobial peptide (BMAP‐28) is a member of the cathelicidin family which is included in the innate immune system of mammals. Recently, there have been many studies about antimicrobial peptides. This study aims to clarify whether BMAP‐28 has bactericidal activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and compares its activity against methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and MRSA. We found that the peptide was effective in killing MRSA (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) range; 5–20 µg/mL). It was also revealed that MSSA (MIC range; 1.25–20 µg/mL) had two levels of susceptibility to BMAP‐28. We also examined the effect of BMAP‐28 on bacterial shape to visually show its activity. After exposure to the peptide, both MSSA and MRSA cells showed the morphological changes on their surfaces. Our results indicate that BMAP‐28 is a promising candidate for medicine against drug‐resistant bacteria. 相似文献
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Makoto ANDO 《中国林学(英文版)》2012,14(2):85-91
We studied the impact of stand density and forest floor humus removal on regeneration of Pinus densiflora in a mixed conifer and broad-leaved forest on the Daimonji-Yama Mountain,Kyoto,Japan.Three levels of stand density were set,i.e.,a clear-cut site,a heavily thinned site and a lightly thinned site.In each density treatment,comparisons were carried out between humus removal (A 0 -free)and humus intact(A 0 -intact)subplots.We counted the emergence of sown pine seeds and measured survival and growth of pine seedlings over the next four years.In addition,light conditions and the recovery of understory were monitored.Results show that thinning intensity and humus removal promoted the establishment and growth of seedlings.One exception,however,was that seedling growth was minimal in the heavily thinned A 0 -intact subplots.This was due to a strong response of understory vegetation growth on the treatment combination,which hindered the pine seedling growth.Furthermore,we found that the canopy openness measured at 1.3-m height remained at least 35%for the heavily thinned site in 2008.The results suggest that the removal of the A 0 layer after heavy thinning is the most effective and labor-saving operation for P.densiflora regeneration. 相似文献
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Takuji Sawamoto Ryusuke Hatano Masato Shibuya Kunihide Takahashi Alexander P. Isaev Roman V. Desyatkin 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):493-501
Abstract The effect of sucrose on the growth of rice plants under gnotobiotic conditions was studied at test tube scale in vinyl isolators under weak or strong light. Under weak light (500 lux) the growth of rice plants on agar medium containing only inorganic nutrients during the 20 days after transplanting stopped at 3rd leaf stage, whereas plants on agar medium containing inorganic nutrient plus 2% sucrose grew to 5th or 6th leaf stage. Under strong light (1.5 × 104 lux) the stage of tillering was promoted by supplying sucrose. The growth of rice plants in pot-hydroculture under weak light had the same tendency as that obtained in test tube culture under weak light. Considering the concentration of inorganic elements in rice shoots, it seems most likely that the uptake of inorganic elements. especially phosphorus and potassium, was enhanced by the supplements of 2% sucrose under weak light. An increase of calcium and manganese uptake was observed in plants grown in medium containing 2% sucrose compared with that of plants grown in inorganic medium alone under strong light. The uptake of inorganic elements from medium containing inorganic nutrients plus 2% sucrose depended chiefly on light energy under strong light in the phytotron used. 相似文献
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Keisuke KAWASE Jumpei TOMIYASU Kazuyuki BAN Ryosuke ONO Satoshi ANDO Aya ONO Ran KIMURA Kanako TOMISAWA Motozumi MATSUI Shun-ichi SHIIHARA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(9):1454
Lions (Panthera leo) breed well under captivity, so contraception has been commonly conducted for population management, leading to a demand for a less invasive and reversible contraceptive approach in lions. In this study, we examined the efficacy of a commercial gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine as a method of suppressing reproductive activity in a sexually matured female lion. Under behavioral restraint, the vaccine was injected twice (days 0 and 109). After the initial vaccination, ovarian activity is still observed. After the second vaccination, contraceptive effect was confirmed for 246 days until restart of estrous cycles. We confirmed only a slight swelling around the injection site after the second vaccination. This study may suggest an alternative option for a contraceptive method in lions. 相似文献
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YASUYUKI TSUKAMASA YASUYOSHI MIYAKE MASASHI ANDO YASUO MAKINODAN 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):929-933
ABSTRACT: Transglutaminase seems to be related to the setting phenomenon of fish meat paste that occurs at temperatures below 40°C. In many reports on the relationship between transglutaminase and setting phenomenon, the enzyme activity has been measured at 25°C. However, it is known that the setting phenomenon is complicated and the effect of calcium and the 3-D structure of myofibrils, which are sensitive to temperature, play important roles in the reaction. In the present study, total activities of transglutaminase of threadfin bream, white croaker, red sea bream and carp meats were measured at various temperatures. Total transglutaminase activities at 25°C of tested fish meats are arranged in order as follows; white croaker, red sea bream, carp, threadfin bream. In contrast, optimal temperature of carp meat is 30°C, red sea bream 40°C, threadfin bream 50°C and white croaker 50–55°C. In carp meat, the enzyme activity at optimal temperature (30°C) became 8.5-fold higher than at 25°C. The data of the total activity at various temperatures are useful in order to comprehend the details of the reaction. 相似文献