Decreased platelet function in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with mitral valve regurgitation     

Tarnow I  Kristensen AT  Texel H  Olsen LH  Pedersen HD 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(5):680-686

With aggregometry, increased platelet activity has been reported in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) without mitral regurgitation (MR). In contrast, dogs with MR have been found to have decreased platelet activity. The purpose of this study was to test an easy bedside test of platelet function (the Platelet Function Analyzer [PFA-100]) to see if it could detect an increase in platelet activity in CKCS without MR and a decrease in platelet activity in CKCS with MR. This study included 101 clinically healthy dogs > 1 year of age: 15 control dogs of different breeds and 86 CKCS. None of the dogs received medication or had a history of bleeding. The PFA-100 evaluates platelet function in anticoagulated whole blood under high shear stress. Results are given as closure times (CT): the time it takes before a platelet plug occludes a hole in a membrane coated by agonists. The CT with collagen and adenosine-diphosphate as agonists was similar in control dogs (median 62 seconds; interquartile interval 55-66 seconds) and CKCS with no or minimal MR (55; 52-64 seconds). The CT was higher in CKCS with mild MR (regurgitant jet occupying 15-50% of the left atrial area) (75; 60-84 seconds; P = .0007) and in CKCS with moderate to severe MR (jet > 50%) (87: 66-102 seconds; P < .0001). CKCS with mild, moderate, and severe, clinically inapparent MR have decreased platelet function. The previous finding of increased platelet reactivity in nonthrombocytopenic CKCS without MR could not be reproduced with the PFA-100 device.  相似文献   

Earthquake hazards on the cascadia subduction zone     

Heaton TH  Hartzell SH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,236(4798):162-168

Large subduction earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone pose a potential seismic hazard. Very young oceanic lithosphere (10 million years old) is being subducted beneath North America at a rate of approximately 4 centimeters per year. The Cascadia subduction zone shares many characteristics with subduction zones in southern Chile, southwestern Japan, and Colombia, where comparably young oceanic lithosphere is also subducting. Very large subduction earthquakes, ranging in energy magnitude (M(w)) between 8 and 9.5, have occurred along these other subduction zones. If the Cascadia subduction zone is also storing elastic energy, a sequence of several great earthquakes (M(w) 8) or a giant earthquake (M(w) 9) would be necessary to fill this 1200-kilometer gap. The nature of strong ground motions recorded during subduction earthquakes of M(w) less than 8.2 is discussed. Strong ground motions from even larger earthquakes (M(w) up to 9.5) are estimated by simple simulations. If large subduction earthquakes occur in the Pacific Northwest, relatively strong shaking can be expected over a large region. Such earthquakes may also be accompanied by large local tsunamis.  相似文献   

INSTINCT     

Hartzell JC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1896,3(67):563-564

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Phosphoproteins: protein phosphorylation in the nervous system     

Hartzell HC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1985,228(4701):866-867

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INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY OF SOME ALKOXY ANALOGS OF DDT     

Prill EA  Hartzell A  Arthur JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1945,101(2627):464-465

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Effects of high-pressure processing at low temperature on the molecular structure and surface properties of beta-lactoglobulin     

Walker MK  Farkas DF  Anderson SR  Meunier-Goddik L 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(26):8230-8235

High-pressure processing (HPP) was utilized to induce unfolding of beta-lactoglobulin (beta-LG). beta-Lactoglobulin solutions at concentrations of 0.5 mg/mL, in pH 7.5 phosphate buffer, were pressure treated at 510 MPa for 10 min at either 8 or 24 degrees C. The secondary structure, as determined by circular dichroism (CD), of beta-LG processed at 8 degrees C appeared to be unchanged, whereas beta-LG processed at 24 degrees C lost alpha-helix structure. Tertiary structures for beta-LG, as determined by near-UV CD, intrinsic protein fluorescence spectroscopy, hydrophobic fluorescent probe binding, and thiol group reactivity, were changed following processing at either temperature. The largest changes to tertiary structure were observed for the samples processed at 24 degrees C. Model solutions containing the pressure-treated beta-LG showed significant decreases in surface tension at liquid-air interfaces with values of 54.00 and 51.69 mN/m for the samples treated at 24 and 8 degrees C, respectively. In comparison, the surface tension for model solutions containing the untreated control was 60.60 mN/m. Changes in protein structure during frozen and freeze-dried storage were also monitored, and some renaturation was observed for both storage conditions. Significantly, the sample pressure-treated at 8 degrees C continued to display the lowest surface tension.  相似文献   

Circulating cytokine concentrations in dogs with different degrees of myxomatous mitral valve disease     

Zois NE  Moesgaard SG  Kjelgaard-Hansen M  Rasmussen CE  Falk T  Fossing C  Häggström J  Pedersen HD  Olsen LH 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2012,192(1):106-111

Cytokines have been associated with the progression of congestive heart failure (CHF) in humans and may be implicated in the pathophysiology of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs. The aim of this study was to determine the serum concentrations of cytokines in dogs with MMVD. The study included 16 Cairn terriers with no or minimal mitral regurgitation (MR), 41 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with different degrees of MR and 11 dogs of different breeds with CHF due to MMVD. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-15, IL-18, keratinocyte-derived chemokine, interferon-γ-induced protein and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were measured using a canine-specific multiplex immunoassay. CHF dogs had significantly higher MCP-1 concentrations than dogs with no or minimal MR. Among the CKCS, IL-2 and IL-7 decreased with increasing left atrial size and IL-7 also decreased with increasing MR. IL-8 decreased with increasing left ventricular end-systolic internal dimensions. MCP-1 was increased in CHF dogs compared to healthy control dogs and IL-2, IL-7 and IL-8 decreased with increasing indices of disease severity. The results suggest a role for these cytokines in canine MMVD and CHF.  相似文献   

Diagnosis and treatment of platelet hyperactivity in relation to thrombosis in dogs and cats     

Bo Wiinberg DVM  PhD  Lisbeth R. Jessen DVM  DECVIM  Inge Tarnow DVM  PhD  Annemarie T. Kristensen DVM  PhD  DACVIM  DECVIM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2012,22(1):42-58

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A critical discussion of the physics of wood–water interactions     

Emil Tang Engelund  Lisbeth Garbrecht Thygesen  Staffan Svensson  Callum A. S. Hill 《Wood Science and Technology》2013,47(1):141-161

This paper reviews recent findings on wood–water interaction and puts them into context of established knowledge in the field. Several new findings challenge prevalent theories and are critically discussed in an attempt to advance current knowledge and highlight gaps. The focus of this review is put on water in the broadest concept of wood products, that is, the living tree is not considered. Moreover, the review covers the basic wood–water relation, states and transitions. Secondary effects such as the ability of water to alter physical properties of wood are only discussed in cases where there is an influence on state and/or transition.  相似文献   

Endotoxin activity in whole blood measured by neutrophil chemiluminescence is applicable to canine whole blood     

Kjelgaard-Hansen M  Wiinberg B  Aalbaek B  Olsen L  Harris D  Romaschin A  Kristensen AT  Jensen AL 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2008,31(6):477-485

The dog is widely used as a translational experimental model studying the host response and new treatments for human endotoxemia. The present study evaluated the applicability of a novel patient-near neutrophil chemiluminescence assay for the measurement of endotoxin activity in human blood when applied to canine blood samples. The assay was observed to be analytically sensitive and specific to endotoxin when tested in vitro, spiked with purified Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and live E. coli. The diagnostic sensitivity was sustained during Gram-positive contamination. Finally, it also demonstrated diagnostic potential when able to discriminate dogs with spontaneously occurring endotoxemia from both healthy dogs and diseased dogs without endotoxemia. The rapid patient-near assessment of endotoxin activity in canine blood should facilitate future studies on endotoxemia in both spontaneous disease and in experimental settings.  相似文献