Spread of potato virus Y in potato cultivars (Solanum tuberosum L.) with different levels of sensitivity     

Nata&#x;a Mehle  Maja Kova   Nata&#x;a Petrovi   Maru&#x;a Pompe Novak  &#x;pela Baebler  Hana Kre i Stres  Kristina Gruden  Maja Ravnikar 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2004,64(6):19

The aim of this work was to correlate the appearance of the symptoms, multiplication and spread of virus after mechanical inoculation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars showing different levels of susceptibility and sensitivity to Potato virus Y^NTN (PVY^NTN). The potato cultivars used were the resistant cultivar Sante and susceptible cultivars Igor, Pentland squire and Désirée. The spread of the virus PVY^NTN in infected plants was monitored using different methods: DAS-ELISA, tissue printing, immuno-serological electron microscopy and real-time PCR. In all three susceptible cultivars, the virus was detected in the inoculated leaves 4–5 days after inoculation. From there virus spread rapidly, first into the stem, then more or less simultaneously to the upper leaves and roots. Real-time PCR was shown to be very sensitive and enabled viral RNA to be detected in non-inoculated leaves of susceptible cultivar Igor earlier than other methods. Therefore, for exact studies of plant–virus interaction, a combination of methods which detect viruses on the basis of their different properties (coat protein, morphology or RNA) should be used to monitor the spread of viruses.  相似文献   

The influence of rapid growth on sodium salicylate pharmacokinetics in male turkeys          下载免费PDF全文

B. Poźniak  K. Motykiewicz‐Pers  T. Grabowski  M. Świtała 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(1):163-165

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of growth on the pharmacokinetics of sodium salicylate (SS) in male turkeys. SS was administered intravenously at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Plasma drug concentrations were assessed by high‐performance liquid chromatography, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by noncompartmental analysis. As the age increased from 6 to 13 weeks (body weight increase from 2.35 to 9.43 kg), median body clearance decreased from 1.34 to 0.87 ml/min/kg. This caused a significant increase in the median mean residence time from 3.42 to 4.44 hr. Elimination phase proved to be biphasic and two elimination half‐lives (T_1/2el) were distinguished. Whereas T_1/2el1 was found to increase with age by 128%, T_1/2el2 represented a later but faster and less age‐dependent phase of elimination (increase by 56% in the respective groups). Volume of distribution decreased with age. These effects may lead to different therapeutic response to SS in turkeys of different age and body weights.  相似文献   

Changes in technical efficiency of the broiler production in Poland, 1994–2013     

K. Utnik-Banaś  J. Żmija  J. Krawczyk  K. Połtowicz 《British poultry science》2018,59(2):245-249

1. The effects of changes in technical efficiency on the increase of broiler production are presented for the period 1994–2013 based on the panel data from seven farms located in southern and central Poland. A total of 766 cycles were analysed.

2. The Cobb–Douglas production function was used to assess the changes of output elasticities as well as technical changes in broiler production, for 5-year sub-periods separately.

3. Technical indices of broiler production significantly improved between years 1994–2013: feed conversion ratio decreased from 2.50 kg/kg to 1.78 kg/kg, mortality rate from 8.8% to 4.0% and daily weight gain increased from 37.1 g/d to 58.7 g/d, respectively.

4. Before accession to the EU, there was a substantial increase of fixed capital connected with modernisation of buildings and equipment. In the period 1994–2013, inputs of fixed capital per kilogram of livestock increased by 72% and at the same time the input of labour decreased by 56%.

5. Technical changes in years 1994–1998 contributed to a rapid production increase at a rate of 4.6% annually and only by up to 0.7% annually during 2009–2013. The slowdown of production rate increase after 2009 was partially caused by decreasing the stocking density.  相似文献   

Thermal features,ambient temperature and hair coat lengths: Limitations of infrared imaging in pregnant primitive breed mares within a year     

Małgorzata Maśko  Olga Witkowska-Piłaszewicz  Tomasz Jasiński  Małgorzata Domino 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(10):1315-1328

Infrared thermography is a non-invasive technique which allows to distinguish between pregnant and non-pregnant animals. Detecting accurate body surface temperatures can be challenging due to external factors altering thermograph measurements. This study aimed to determine the associations between the ambient temperature, the hair coat features and the temperatures of mares' abdomens. It compared pregnant and non-pregnant mares throughout 11 months. The research was carried out on 40 Konik Polski mares, which were divided into pregnant and non-pregnant groups. The temperature (Tmax, maximal; Taver, average; Tmin, minimal) of the mares' abdomen was evaluated in two regions of interest: the whole area of the lateral surface of the mares' abdomen (Px1) and the flank area of the lateral surface of mares' abdomen (Px2). During the increasing period, the slopes in the linear regression equation did not differ significantly for ambient (Tamb) and surface temperatures in both groups. In the decreasing period, the slopes did not differ significantly for Tamb and Tmax in the non-pregnant group. They also did not differ for Tamb and Taver in Px1 and Tamb and Tmin in Px1 in both pregnant and non-pregnant groups respectively. Other slopes varied significantly (p < .001). There was no evidence of parallel changes in hair coat features and measured temperatures. The flank area appears more suitable for thermal imaging in pregnant mares due to the seasonal fluctuations in hair coat lengths.  相似文献   

Fatty acid profile as affected by fat depot and the sex category of Polish Holstein-Friesian × Limousin fattening cattle fed silage ad libitum     

Monika Sobczuk-Szul  Magdalena Mochol  Zenon Nogalski  Paulina Pogorzelska-Przybyłek 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13516

This study was designed to compare the fatty acid profiles of four types of fat depots from bulls, steers, and heifers. All animals were Polish Holstein-Friesian and Limousin crossbreds fattened semi-intensively—silage at libitum and concentrate in the amount corresponding to 30% of their net energy requirements. The fatty acid profile in intramuscular, intermuscular, and external and internal fat was determined. The intramuscular fat of bulls was most abundant in total PUFAs and n-6 PUFAs, and functional fatty acids C 18:2, C 20:4, and C 22:5 in comparison with steers and heifers. Regardless of sex category, intramuscular and external fat were characterized by higher levels of UFAs and a more desirable MUFA/SFA ratio than the remaining fat types. It should also be noted that external fat was more abundant in CLA than other fat types, and that the highest CLA content was found in bull fat, compared with the remaining sex categories of cattle.  相似文献   

The influence of crossbreeding on collagen solubility and tenderness of Infraspinatus and Semimembranosus muscles of semi‐intensively reared young bulls          下载免费PDF全文

Monika Modzelewska‐Kapituła  Zenon Nogalski  Aleksandra Kwiatkowska 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(10):1312-1321

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of crossbreeding on collagen content and solubility, shear force (WBSF) and the eating quality of Infraspinatus (INF) and Semimembranosus (SM) muscles of young bulls and the relationships between collagen content and solubility, shear force and the eating quality of beef. The experimental material comprised muscles of crossbred young bulls (about 600 days old) of Polish Holstein‐Friesian (PHF) × Limousine (LM) (n = 10), PHF × Charolaise (CH) (n = 9), PHF × Hereford (HER) (n = 9) breeds. The crossbreeding influenced WBSF, aroma and taste, total, water‐soluble, acid‐soluble, total soluble and insoluble collagen content, as well as the acid‐soluble, total soluble and insoluble collagen proportions. WBSF was significantly negatively correlated with sensorial tenderness and water‐soluble collagen content. The eating quality of beef obtained from different crossbreds was similar; however, the meat from PHF × LM and PHF × HER bulls had lower WBSF values than PHF × CH bulls. © 2016 Japanese Society of Animal Science  相似文献   

St. John’s Wort Herbal Teas – Biological Potential and Chemometric Approach to Quality Control     

Kladar  Nebojša  Anačkov  Goran  Srđenović  Branislava  Gavarić  Neda  Hitl  Maja  Salaj  Nebojša  Jeremić  Katarina  Babović  Siniša  Božin  Biljana 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(3):390-395

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - St. John’s wort has been used for centuries in traditional medicine of many cultures, and nowadays it is well-known as a clinically important antidepressant...  相似文献   

Genetics of Marine Organisms Associated with Human Health     

Maja Herak Bosnar  Helena ?etkovi?  Matija Harcet 《Marine drugs》2020,18(11)

  相似文献   

Temperature-dependent resistance to potato virus M in potato (Solanum tuberosum)     

Beata Tatarowska  Jarosław Plich  Dorota Milczarek  Bogdan Flis 《Plant pathology》2020,69(8):1445-1452

  相似文献   

Effect of Addition of Different Acetic Acid Concentrations on the Quality of Marinated Herring     

Mariusz Szymczak  Edward Kołakowski  Katarzyna Felisiak 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(6):566-581

This study investigated the effect of acetic acid concentrations from 3 to 8% on the physicochemical and sensory quality of marinated Atlantic and Baltic herring from fresh and frozen-thawed material. The increased concentration of acetic acid was found to exert a strong impact on decreased sensory scores, weight yield, and pH value as well as on an increased brightness parameter of meat. In turn, moisture, protein hydrolysis products (PHB), total volatile bases (TVB) content, and hardness parameter were affected by the higher addition of acid to a lesser extent. Enhanced protein hydrolysis was observed only at acetic acid concentration of 5% or 5–8%, whereas there was a decrease in the content of TVB only at an acid concentration of up to 4–5%. The marinated frozen-thawed fillets, compared to the fresh ones, required a greater addition of acid in the brine, by 1.5%, to reach a similar pH value. The freezing of fish contributed also to a decrease of PHB and free hydroxyproline, along with an increased concentration of acetic acid. The marinades from frozen-thawed herring contained more TVB, had worse color, and hardness parameters, as well as less yield.  相似文献