New ways and new hopes for IGR development     

Marek Jindra 《Journal of Pesticide Science》2021,46(1):3

Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs) represent advanced, bio-rational insecticides. This Special Issue reflects progress in IGR development that has been enabled by insight into the molecular principles of biosynthetic or hormone signaling pathways. The unifying principle is aiming at processes and molecular targets that are unique to arthropods and ideally to narrower insect taxa representing pests or disease vectors. While some strategies of obtaining the desired compounds for chemical intervention rely on rational, structure-based design or computational power, others exploit technologies allowing automated, high-throughput screening of large chemical libraries. All avenues leading to selective and environmentally safe pest control are valid as we face the imminent threat of the declining world insect population.  相似文献   

CD117‐ and vimentin‐positive telocytes in the bovine teat sphincter          下载免费PDF全文

M. G. Wagener  S. Leonhard‐Marek  J.‐D. Häger  C. Pfarrer 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2018,47(3):268-270

Mastitis is a common economically relevant problem in dairy farming. As the major entry for pathogens is the papillary duct, one of the first defence mechanisms is the teat sphincter. This sphincter shows a rhythmic contractility of yet unknown origin. Searching for possible modulatory pacemaker cells, teat sphincters of eight cows were stained immunohistochemically with antibodies against CD117 and vimentin and evaluated microscopically for the presence of telocytes. CD117‐ and vimentin‐positive telocytes with telopodes were found in close contact with smooth muscle cells. Our findings present a first evidence of telocytes in the teat of bovines.  相似文献   

Associations of fish with various types of littoral habitats in reservoirs     

Marek Šmejkal  Marie Prchalová  Martin Čech  Mojmír Vašek  Milan Říha  Tomáš Jůza  Petr Blabolil  Jan Kubečka 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2014,23(3):405-413

Fish associations with different types of littoral habitats were studied in four canyon‐shaped reservoirs in the Czech Republic in years 2010 and 2011 by gillnets. Two to three habitats per reservoir–beaches (former meadows), stump fields (former forest) and rubble slopes–were defined and sampled along the longitudinal axis of reservoirs. Effects of reservoir, habitat and locality (position along longitudinal axis) on fish biomass, abundance and species structure were tested for juvenile and adult fish separately. Hierarchical analysis of variance revealed that habitats differed significantly in fish biomass and abundance. Redundancy analysis showed that analysed environmental variables had significant influence on fish community structure. Most variability in community structure was explained by reservoir and then by combination of habitat and slope steepness. Locality position had the smallest influence on community structure. For both adult and juvenile fish total abundance and biomass, the most inhabited habitat was beaches; rubble slopes were the least inhabited. Habitat associations differed among species. Among adults, bream Abramis brama, white bream Blicca bjoerkna and roach Rutilus rutilus were associated with beaches and stump fields, whereas perch Perca fluviatilis, ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus, asp Aspius aspius and pike Esox lucius were associated with rubble slopes. Bream, white bream, bleak Alburnus alburnus, roach, ruffe and pikeperch Sander lucioperca were associated with beaches among juveniles, whereas the only juvenile associated with rubble slopes was perch. We showed that most common species are associated with distinct habitats and also that utilisation of various littoral habitats differs in general.  相似文献   

Apoptosis inhibition by insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes     

Wasielak M  Bogacki M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(2):419-426

Recently, significant progress has been achieved in improving the yield of good quality embryos in vitro. However, efforts are still required to recognize the factors and understand the mechanisms of oocyte maturation, which are essential for subsequent embryo development. The aims of the present study were to determine the frequency of apoptosis in oocytes recovered from slaughterhouse ovaries and to investigate whether insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I action during oocyte maturation in vitro may withhold apoptosis and improve oocyte quality. Only oocytes of proper morphology with homogenous ooplasm and compact cumulus cells were selected for this study. All oocytes recovered from the slaughterhouse ovaries were divided into two groups. One group of oocytes, chosen for apoptosis detection, was examined immediately after recovery. The other group of oocytes was maturated in vitro. Oocytes were maturated with IGF-I supplementation (100 ng/ml). Oocytes without supplementation were used as a control. Apoptosis in oocytes was determined by positive results of TUNEL assay and active caspase labeling. The percentage of apoptotic oocytes detected by TUNEL fell to zero when the maturation medium was supplemented with IGF-I in comparison to the control matured oocytes (0 vs. 9.87%; P<0.05). However, active caspase labeling was only slightly decreased in the IGF-I matured oocytes compared with the control matured oocytes (1.13 vs. 2.08%; P<0.05). The results indicate that IGF-I may serve as an anti-apoptotic factor during oocyte maturation. We suggest that IGF-I may inhibit apoptosis in oocytes at the stage of caspase activation and may prevent further advancement of oocyte apoptosis.  相似文献   

Chronic tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis in a domestic donkey in Central Europe     

Natalia Siwinska  Agnieszka Zak  Malwina Slowikowska  Artur Niedzwiedz  Rafal Ciaputa  Izabela Janus  Marek Lipiec  Lukasz Radulski  Adam Szymerowski  Marcin Nowak 《Equine Veterinary Education》2023,35(2):e61-e65

Bovine tuberculosis is a contagious and zoonotic disease of animals and humans. In Europe, the number of reported cases of tuberculosis has decreased. Equidae are relatively rarely infected even in endemic areas. The presented report describes a case of chronic Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis in a 30-year-old female donkey. The donkey initially presented with persistent lymphadenopathy; however, as the disease progressed, weight loss became apparent. To the authors' knowledge, this is the second confirmed case of tuberculosis in a donkey in Europe.  相似文献   

Aluminosilicates at different levels in rye litter and feed affect the growth and meat quality of broiler chickens     

Banaszak  Mirosław  Biesek  Jakub  Adamski  Marek 《Veterinary research communications》2022,46(1):37-47

Veterinary Research Communications - Litter sanitation treatments and feed supplements that stimulate bird growth. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of zeolite (z) and halloysite (h)...  相似文献   

Root architecture might account for contrasting establishment success of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudotsuga menziesii</Emphasis> var. <Emphasis Type="Italic">menziesii</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sylvestris</Emphasis> in Central Europe under dry conditions     

Barbara Moser  Christoph Bachofen  Jonathan D. Müller  Marek Metslaid  Thomas Wohlgemuth 《Annals of Forest Science》2016,73(4):959-970

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Multiresidue analysis of seven anticoagulant rodenticides by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray/mass spectrometry     

Marek LJ  Koskinen WC 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(3):571-576

Mice and rat populations are commonly controlled by two classes of rodenticide anticoagulants, coumarins and indandiones. However, poisoning of nontarget animals also often occurs. For cases such as these, a rapid, multiresidue method, which provides positive confirmation for both classes of anticoagulant rodenticides, is needed by diagnostic laboratories. A method was developed for the determination of seven anticoagulant rodenticides, coumafuryl, pindone, warfarin, diphacinone, chlorophacinone, bromadiolone, and brodifacoum, in diverse matrices, animal feed, cooked beef, and fruit-flavored beverages using high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray/mass spectrometry. Detection was by MS/MS with electrospray ionization in negative mode. Confirmation was by retention time, m/z of molecular ion, and two parent-daughter transitions. Recoveries from selected the matrices ranged from 61 to 117%. Limits of quantitation were as low as 1.5-4.5 ng g-1. The developed method was rapid and provided the simultaneous confirmation and quantification of the seven anticoagulant rodenticides.  相似文献   

Species mixing effect on Norway spruce response to elevated CO2 and climatic variables: root and radial growth response     

Badraghi  Aysan  Marek  Michal V. 《European Journal of Forest Research》2021,140(6):1363-1376

A 7-year study was conducted to examine the growth (diameter and root) response of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings to elevated CO₂ (CO_2ELV, 770 μmol (CO₂) mol^?1) in different mixture types (monospecific (M): a Norway spruce seedling surrounded by six spruce seedlings, group-admixture (G): a spruce seedling surrounded by three spruce and three European beech seedlings, single-admixture (S): a spruce seedling surrounded by six beech seedlings). After seven years of treatments, no significant effect from elevated CO₂ was found on the root dry mass (p?=?0.90) and radial growth (p?=?0.98) of Norway spruce. Neither did we find a significant interaction between [CO₂]?×?mixing treatments (p?=?0.56), i.e. there was not a significant effect of CO₂ concentrations [CO₂] in all the admixture types. On the contrary, spruce responses to admixture treatments were significant under CO_2AMB (p?=?0.05), which demonstrated that spruce mainly increased its growth (diameter and root) in M and neighbouring with beech was not favourable for spruce seedlings. In particular, spruce growth diminished when growing beside high proportions/numbers of European beech (S). Here, we also evaluated the association between tree-ring formation and climatic variables (precipitation and air temperature) in different admixture types under elevated and ambient CO₂ (CO_2AMB, 385 μmol (CO₂) mol^?1). Overall, our result suggests that spruce responses to climate factors can be affected by tree species mixing and CO₂ concentrations, i.e. the interaction between climatic variables?×?admixture types?×?[CO₂] could alter the response of spruce to climatic variables.

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Age-related effects on sex chromosome aberrations in equine spermatozoa     

Monika Bugno-Poniewierska  Klaudia Pawlina  Marek Tischner  Marian Tischner 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014

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