MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF CEREBRAL CORTICAL NECROSIS (POLIOENCEPHALOMALACIA) IN A DOG     

Christopher L.  Mariani  DVM  Simon R.  Platt  BVMS  MRCVS  Susan M.  Newell  DVM  MS  Scott P.  Terrell  DVM  Cheryl L.  Chrisman  DVM  MS  EDS  Roger M.  Clemmons  DVM  PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2001,42(6):524-531

A 3-year-old neutered female mixed breed dog was examined because of severe, generalized seizure activity, tetraparesis, and encephalopathic signs. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) evaluation was unremarkable except for a mild increase in protein. Serum and CSF titers for infectious diseases were negative. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging examination of the brain was performed and lesions were found within the cerebral gray matter of the temporal and parietal lobes. The lesions had increased signal intensity on T1, T2, and proton density-weighted images. There was mild inhomogeneous enhancement following intravenous contrast medium administration. Neurologic status improved and the seizures were well controlled, but the dog never regained normal mentation and euthanasia was performed 10 weeks after initial evaluation. At necropsy, severe cerebral cortical necrosis was found in the regions corresponding to the lesions seen on MR imaging examination. Large numbers of fat-containing macrophages (gitter cells) were found within these areas, and are thought to be responsible for the characteristic hyperintensity seen on the MR images.  相似文献   

A decision-support system for Salmonella in broiler-chicken flocks     

Rose N  Mariani JP  Drouin P  Toux JY  Rose V  Colin P 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2003,59(1-2):27-42

We built a decision-support system to assess the risk of contamination of chicken-broiler flocks by Salmonella at the end of the rearing period. This system was developed from the survey data from 85 chicken-broiler flocks located in western France. First, we estimated the probability of contamination of the house by Salmonella before placement of day-old chicks via a cleansing inspection using a visual-inspection grid, a decontamination evaluation using count-plates, and risk factors for Salmonella persistence in the barn after cleansing and disinfection. Second, we estimated (using a logistic model) the probability of prevalent contamination of the flock by Salmonella at the end of the rearing period. Validation was carried out on 60 flocks selected from seven production companies in western France. The risk estimated by the model was compared to the Salmonella status of the flock (gold standard) assessed by samples taken from the environment of the broilers and analysed with classical bacteriological methods. The sensitivity was 97.8% and the specificity 64.3%.  相似文献   

Seasonal variations of milk characteristics and cheesemaking losses in the manufacture of Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese     

Summer A  Franceschi P  Bollini A  Formaggioni P  Tosi F  Mariani P 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(Z1):663-666

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Composition,Acidity and Rennet-coagulation Properties of Early- and Late-lactation Milks from Italian Friesian Cows     

Summer  A.  Formaggioni  P.  Malacarne  M.  Sandri  S.  Mariani  P. 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(1):269-272

Veterinary Research Communications -  相似文献   

Phenotypic recurrent selection for 2n pollen and 2n egg production in diploid alfalfa     

S. Tavoletti  A. Mariani  F. Veronesi 《Euphytica》1992,60(2):158-158

Corrigendum

Phenotypic recurrent selection for 2n pollen and 2n egg production in diploid alfalfa  相似文献   

Rainfall impact effects on ageing casts of a tropical anecic earthworm     

L. Mariani    J. J. Jiménez    E. A. Torres    E. Amézquita  & T. Decaëns 《European Journal of Soil Science》2007,58(6):1525-1534

We investigated the erodibility of surface casts produced by an anecic earthworm of the Colombian savannahs by means of indoor rain simulations. The kinetic energy applied to samples, 21.62 J minute⁻¹ m⁻², was estimated to be equivalent to 41% of the energy of the more intense period of a local storm. The erodibility of casts was assessed at different stages of their ageing along with the effects of repeated wetting‐drying cycles. Bare soil cores and soil cores of the same size with a cast on their surface (soil + cast) were used as controls. Saturated hydraulic conductivity (HC) was measured to test whether casts enhance soil water permeability. Fresh, almost liquid, individual casts were completely dispersed by a 2‐hour rainfall simulation at a dispersion rate of 0.9 ± 0.5% of sample minute⁻¹. After 5 hours drying at 32°C and 79% relative humidity, casts were as moist as fresh casts (non‐significant Mann–Whitney U‐test) but had a solid appearance and were no longer dispersed by raindrop impact. Under simulated rainfall, dry casts were very slowly fragmented into large aggregates (> 5 mm). The HC of casts was increased by repeated cycles of wetting and drying but unaffected by length of air‐drying and natural ageing, and averaged 7 (3, n = 6), 20 (3, n = 7) and 32 (1, n = 45) cm hour⁻¹ for bare soil, soil + cast and all casts, respectively (standard error, sample size). Except for bare soil, these values were greater than the greatest rainfall intensities recorded locally. The consequences for soil erosion, nutrient losses and water infiltration are discussed.  相似文献   

What happens to earthworm casts in the soil? A field study of carbon and nitrogen dynamics in Neotropical savannahs     

Lucero Mariani  Neuza Asakawa  Thibaud Decaëns 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(3):757-767

In the Oxisols of the eastern plains of Colombia, the large native anecic earthworm Martiodrilus sp. is an abundant ecosystem engineer producing long-lasting casts and burrows. Casts deposited in the soil by this species have been estimated at several tonnes per hectare per year. The physical and chemical processes occurring in these casts have never been studied. In this study, we compared the dynamics of water content (WC), total C (C_tot), and available N (N_avail) contents, and the distribution in size of aggregates in ageing below-ground casts of this species and in the bulk soil. In a native herbaceous savannah and a sown grass/legume pasture (Brachiaria humidicola, Arachis pintoi, Desmodium ovalifolium and Stylosanthes capitata), fresh surface casts were experimentally injected into artificial burrows of 1 cm Ø and 10 cm depth and sampled at different dates during a total period of 120 days. The injection procedure used resulted in a 34% decrease in WC of the casts from the sown pasture and reduced the mean mass diameter (MMD) of the aggregates of casts from the savannah by 19%. Other properties were not significantly affected by the procedure.For injected casts in both grasslands, MMD and C_tot were stable during cast ageing while WC and N_avail were initially at levels several times higher than the bulk soil and decreased to similar bulk soil values with ageing. The C_tot was twice and one third higher in casts compared with the bulk soil in the pasture and the savannah, respectively. Overall means for cast MMD (8.3 and 7.4 mm) were twice as high as those in the bulk soil (3.8 mm) in the savannah and the pasture, respectively. However, MMD was not significantly different between the casts and the bulk soil in two occasions in the pasture. Available nitrogen (N_avail) in injected casts was initially greater than bulk soil levels, reaching maximum levels just after injection (116 and 93 mg kg⁻¹) and remained significantly greater during 1-2 weeks, in the savannah and the pasture, respectively. In conclusion, the tonnes of casts deposited in the soil profile by Martiodrilus sp. each year are likely to contribute greatly to plant nutrition and to the regulation of the soil structure. For each anecic earthworm species, the ecological impact of its below-ground casts is likely to be as important as its surface casts.  相似文献   

Evaluation of levetiracetam as adjunctive treatment for refractory canine epilepsy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial     

Muñana KR  Thomas WB  Inzana KD  Nettifee-Osborne JA  McLucas KJ  Olby NJ  Mariani CJ  Early PJ 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(2):341-348

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Genetic diversity of the African hexaploid species Solanum scabrum Mill. and Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae)     

Mkabwa L. K. Manoko  Ronald G. van den Berg  Richard M. C. Feron  Gerard M. van der Weerden  Celestina Mariani 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2008,55(3):409-418

Two hexaploid species of Solanum sect. Solanum are present in Africa: Solanum scabrum and S. nigrum. Solanum scabrum is a widely cultivated species and is used as a leafy vegetable, as a source of medicine and as a source of ink dye. In previous studies a wide range of morphological diversity has been reported in this species and in some studies subspecies have been proposed. Subspecies are also recognized in S. nigrum. However, it has not been established whether or not the morphological differences are reflected at the genomic level. The present study applies AFLPs to study the genetic diversity in S. scabrum and its relationship to geographical provenance, morphological differences and the possible existence of subspecies within S. scabrum and S. nigrum. The data obtained were analyzed with cluster analysis (using UPGMA and NJ). The results indicate that the genetic variation within S. scabrum was higher within accessions than between accessions. Accessions did not cluster according to their geographical provenance, indicating that accessions from different geographical areas were not significantly different genetically. The clustering reflected neither morphological differences nor domestication status (cultivated or wild). The morphological differences exhibited by S. scabrum could be due to selection by farmers for different plant types. The AFLP derived clustering pattern did not segregate the subspecies recognized in S. scabrum and S. nigrum into separate subclusters.  相似文献   

Gene expression study of two widely used pig intestinal epithelial cell lines: IPEC-J2 and IPI-2I     

Valentina Mariani  Simona Palermo  Silvia Fiorentini  Alessandra Lanubile  Elisabetta Giuffra 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2009,131(3-4):278-284

The intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) play an important role in the immune system of swine, protecting against infectious and non-infectious environmental insults. The IEC participate in the innate immune response of the intestine through different mechanisms such as barrier function, mucus secretion, antibacterial peptide synthesis and participation in the cytokine/chemokine networks.Most of the current knowledge of intestinal cell functions has come from studies conducted on cell cultures generated from human cancers or from classical animal models. However, because the molecular and cellular elements of the immune system have been selected over evolutionary time in response to the species-specific environment, models of immune function based on mouse and human need to be applied cautiously in pig. Few models of swine small intestine epithelium exist and these are poorly characterised. In the present study we characterised the basal expression of epithelial and immune-related genes of two pig small intestine cell lines, IPEC-J2 and IPI-2I, under different culture conditions. These data represent essential background information for future studies on pig-intestinal pathogen interactions.  相似文献