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Chantelle Franklin Michael Herrtage Karen Harris Marie-Aude Genain 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2023,64(2):194-200
Humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF) have been predominantly reported in spaniel breeds and proposed to be possible risk factors for humeral condyle fractures (HCF). We hypothesized that the prevalence of incidental HIF in French Bulldogs may be greater than that of other brachycephalic breeds. A retrospective, observational, prevalence study was performed using CT examinations of French bulldogs and other brachycephalic breed dogs presenting for an unrelated condition. Two European College of Veterinary Diagnostic and Imaging-certified radiologists reviewed the images of the humeral condyles of these dogs. A classification system was devised to grade the findings. We considered a Score 1 to be normal, Score 2 to have centralised sclerosis, Score 3 to have a partial fissure and Score 4 to have a complete fissure. A total of 228 elbows were reviewed from 122 dogs. Of this population, 145 elbows were from French Bulldogs, 54 were from Pugs, and the remainder were from a mix of other brachycephalic breeds. The prevalence of HIF (score 3 or 4) in elbows of the French bulldog, pug and other breed groups was 6.9% (CI 2.8–11%), 5.6% (CI 0–11.7%), and 3.4% (CI 0–10.15%), respectively. At a dog level, the prevalence of HIF (score 3 or 4 present in at least one elbow) was found to be 11.8% (CI 4.6–19%) in French Bulldogs, 11.1% (CI 0–22.9%) in Pugs, and 5.26% (CI 0–15%) in the other breed group. There was no significant difference between the breed groups. The inter-reviewer reliability for CT scoring of HIF based on Cohen's weighted kappa was low at 0.19. 相似文献
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Jonathan R. Hughes Victoria S. Johnson Marie‐Aude Genain 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2020,61(3):261-268
Splenic torsion is a rare potentially life‐threatening condition characterized by rotation of the spleen around the gastrosplenic and phrenosplenic ligaments leading to occlusion of venous drainage and arterial supply. This retrospective study describes the CT characteristics for dogs with surgically confirmed splenic torsion from 2013 to 2018 using the submissions to a large multinational teleradiology database. Eight dogs had the splenic torsion confirmed with surgery. Seven of eight cases had histology confirming congestion, hemorrhage, and necrosis, and one had concurrent myelolipoma infiltration. The CT characteristics included an enlarged (8/8), rounded (7/8), folded C‐shaped spleen (8/8) with a difference of median parenchymal attenuation between pre‐ and postcontrast of +1.15 HU (Hounsfield units). Other common features included a mainly homogeneous parenchyma on pre‐ and post‐contrast images (6/8), lack of subjective and objective vascular and parenchymal contrast enhancement (6/8) and free peritoneal fluid (6/8). A “whirl sign” was seen in the majority of cases (7/8) alongside a strongly hyperattenuating center (95‐416 HU) on the precontrast images (5/7), which has not been previously described in the veterinary literature. Gastric position was normal in all cases. More variable CT characteristics of the confirmed torsions were attributable to suspected partial torsion and myelolipomatous infiltration. Overall, primary splenic torsion confirmed with surgery showed consistent characteristics on CT. 相似文献
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Cassia H. Z. Hare Joy Archer Emilie Cloup Marie‐Aude Genain Katherine Hughes Katie E. McCallum Lisa Alves 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2019,33(2):856-861
A 1‐year, 8‐month‐old Rhodesian Ridgeback was presented with obtundation, ambulatory tetraparesis, and myoclonus. Initial clinical findings included ionized hypercalcemia with an apparent marked increase in parathyroid hormone, thrombocytopenia, and nonregenerative anemia. Low numbers of circulating atypical cells were noted on blood film evaluation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging identified an extra‐axial contrast enhancing subtentorial lesion, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis documented a marked atypical lymphocytic pleocytosis. Flow cytometry performed on the CSF demonstrated expression of only CD45, CD90, and MHC class II, with Pax5 positivity on subsequent immunohistochemistry. The final diagnosis was of B‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma or acute leukemia, given the distribution of disease and the presence of significant bone marrow infiltration alongside an aggressive clinical course. The unusual immunophenotype of the neoplastic cells and hypercalcemia presented antemortem diagnostic challenges, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach and caution in the interpretation of clinical abnormalities in cases with multiple comorbidities. 相似文献
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Endotracheal tube placement during computed tomography of brachycephalic dogs alters upper airway dimensional measurements 
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下载免费PDF全文 Nai‐Chieh Liu Eileen L. Troconis Matthew McMillan Marie‐Aude Genain Lajos Kalmar David J. Price David R. Sargan Jane F. Ladlow 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(3):289-304
Computed tomography (CT) is used to document upper airway lesions in dogs with brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome. The presence of an endotracheal tube during CT scanning is often required for general anesthesia. We hypothesized that the endotracheal tube placement would change the soft tissue dimensions of the upper airway. The aims of this prospective, method comparison study were to evaluate the reliability of the previously reported upper airway CT measurements with endotracheal tube placement, and to propose measurements that are minimally affected by the endotracheal tube. Twenty brachycephalic dogs were included in this study. Each dog underwent head/neck CT with an endotracheal tube, followed by a second scan without the endotracheal tube. Ten measurements of the soft palate, nasopharynx, and trachea were performed. Tracheal dimension was significantly larger with the endotracheal tube compared to without, whereas the soft palate cross‐sectional area was significantly smaller with the endotracheal tube than without the endotracheal tube. The influence of the endotracheal tube on the caudal nasopharynx cross‐sectional (transverse‐sectional) area varied with a mean proportional absolute difference of 35%. Rostral soft palate thickness, tracheal perimeter, and cross‐sectional area of the rostral nasopharynx were the measurements least affected by the endotracheal tube (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.964, 0.967, and 0.951, respectively). Therefore, we proposed that these three measurements may be most useful for future brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome studies that require CT scanning of intubated animals. However, with endotracheal tube placement, measurements of soft palate length, caudal nasopharyngeal cross‐sectional area, and trachea height and width may not be reliable. 相似文献
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Carli Bentley Tim L Williams Fernando Constantino-Casas Marie-Aude Genain 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2023,64(2):314-321
Medullary striations (MS) have been anecdotally observed on ultrasound of feline kidneys; however, their significance is unknown. Aims of this retrospective, case control, pilot study were to describe the appearance, prevalence, and clinicopathological correlates of MS in a referral feline population. Still images from 1247 feline abdominal ultrasound studies performed between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed. Cats with MS were identified and compared with age-matched controls. Serum urea, creatinine, calcium, phosphate, and calcium-phosphate-product, plus urine specific gravity, urine protein: creatinine ratio (UPC), prevalence of active sediment (defined as > 5 red (RBC) or white blood cells (WBC) per high-power field) and prevalence of positive urine culture were compared between MS and control groups using the Mann–Whitney U test or Fisher's Exact test. Data are presented as median [range]. 27 cats were identified as having MS, giving a prevalence of 2.2% with a significantly higher proportion being seen in males (P = 0.018). Medullary striation cats had significantly higher UPC values than controls (0.46 [0.16–7.57] vs. 0.16 [0.07–2.27]; P = 0.006). Cats with MS were more likely to have active urinary sediments (39% vs 8%, P = 0.023), but no difference in prevalence of positive urinary cultures was observed between groups. There was no significant difference in other parameters between MS and control cats. Renal histopathology performed in three MS cats revealed focal regions of linear medullary fibrosis. Medullary striations are associated with proteinuria and urinary tract inflammation in cats, which may reflect renal tubular dysfunction and/or inflammation. Hence identification might allow for earlier detection of renal pathology. 相似文献
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