A survey of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from wild sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Japan     

Yukino TAMAMURA-ANDOH  Nobuyuki TANAKA  Keisuke SATO  Yoshino MIZUNO  Nobuo ARAI  Ayako WATANABE-YANAI  Masato AKIBA  Masahiro KUSUMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(5):754

We examined the antimicrobial susceptibility of 848 Escherichia coli isolates from 237 feces samples of wild sika deer (Cervus nippon) captured between 2016 and 2019 in 39 of the 47 prefectures of Japan. Five of the 237 wild sika deer (2.1%) carried E. coli with resistance to at least one antimicrobial, and all the resistant isolates showed resistance to tetracycline. The resistant isolates contained antimicrobial resistance genes that were similar to those in E. coli derived from humans and farm animals. Although wild sika deer are not currently likely to be a source for the transmission of antimicrobial resistance in Japan, they can potentially mediate antimicrobial resistance spread by coming into contact with humans, animals, and their surroundings.  相似文献   

Pelvic fin removal modifies escape trajectory in a teleost fish     

Yuuki Kawabata  Hideaki Yamada  Taku Sato  Masato Kobayashi  Koichi Okuzawa  Kimio Asami 《Fisheries Science》2016,82(1):85-93

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In vitro sensitivities to antimicrobial drugs of ureaplasmas isolated from the bovine respiratory tract, genital tract and eye   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

M Kishima  K Hashimoto 《Research in veterinary science》1979,27(2):218-222

The sensitivity to 18 antimicrobial drugs was examined for 66 strains of Ureaplasma sp isolated from respiratory tracts of calves suffering from enzootic pneumonia, urinary tracts of bulls and eyes of cows suffering from infectious bovine kerato-conjunctivitis. Furamizole, tiamulin fumarate, erythromycin lactobionate, malidomycin C, doxycycline hydrochloride, kitasamycin tartrate, tylosin tartrate, T-2636C, tetracycline hydrochloride, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, chlortetracycline hydrochloride, oleandomycin phosphate, furazolidone, spiramycin adipate, chloramphenicol and thiophenicol showed strong inhibiting activity on all the test strains. Among them, furamizole, tiamulin fumarate and erythromycin lactobionate were most active. Kanamycin sulphate showed weak activity on all the strains tested. The differences in origin of the test strains did not affect their sensitivity to any of the drugs.  相似文献   

Identification of endotrypanum species from a sloth,a squirrel and Lutzomyia sandflies in ecuador by PCR amplification and sequencing of the mini-exon gene     

Katakura K  Mimori T  Furuya M  Uezato H  Nonaka S  Okamoto M  Gomez L EA  Hashiguchi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(5):649-653

PCR amplification and nucleotide sequencing of the mini-exon gene revealed that four strains isolated from a sloth (Choloepus hoffmanni), a squirrel (Sciurus granatensis) and two sandflies (Lutzomyia hartmanni) in Ecuador were indistinguishable from Endotrypanum monterogeii. Another strain isolated from Lu. hartmanni showed the high sequence similarity to E. schaudinni. Since three of these strains have been previously identified as Leishmania (Viannia) equatorensis, the results demonstrate that L. (V.) equatorensis is genetically closely related to the genus Endotrypanum. The present study also indicates that Endotrypanum species are distributed in arboreal animals and sandflies in Ecuador, and that mini-exon gene amplification is useful for epidemiological studies of Leishmania and Endotrypanum in the New World.  相似文献   

Production of patchouli mild mosaic virus resistant patchouli plants by genetic engineering of coat protein precursor gene   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kadotani N  Ikegami M 《Pest management science》2002,58(11):1137-1142

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth), an aromatic crop which yields an essential oil, is widely cultivated in South-east Asia. Patchouli mild mosaic virus (PaMMV) infects patchouli plants and causes decrease in leaf biomass and essential oil yield. Transgenic patchouli plants with PaMMV coat protein precursor (CP-P) gene have been produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. PaMMV CP-P gene integration into the patchouli genome was confirmed by the PCR method and by Southern blot analysis. The transformants were estimated to contain one to three copy genes using Southern blot analysis. The transformant with three copy genes was tested for the resistance to PaMMV by artificially inoculating plants grown in an environmentally controlled cabinet, and this transformant was found to be highly resistant to PaMMV. The transgenic patchouli plant with PaMMV CP-P gene should provide valuable material for protecting against PaMMV.  相似文献   

Adrenocorticotropic hormone-induced secretion of cortisol in goats is inhibited by androgen     

Yuko MAEJIMA  Masato AOYAMA  Noriko KOBAYASHI  Shoei SUGITA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(1):87-94

In a previous study, it was found that there are sex differences in goats with respect to the levels of cortisol secretion induced by transportation stress. We also found that treatment of castrated male goats with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) suppressed the increase in plasma cortisol concentration following transportation, but did not suppress the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This suggests that androgen might block ACTH ‐ induced cortisol secretion. In order to examine this hypothesis, the effects of androgen on ACTH‐induced cortisol secretion in goats were investigated. First, castrated male goats were treated with testosterone (T), DHT or cholesterol (cho) for 21–25 days. Cho was used as a control for T and DHT treatment. Then, plasma cortisol concentrations were compared among the hormonal treatments after ACTH injection. Subsequently, the distribution of androgen receptors in the caprine adrenal gland was investigated. There were no differences in the basal cortisol concentrations among the hormonal treatments. However, plasma cortisol concentrations after ACTH injection were significantly lower in T ‐ and DHT ‐ treated goats than in cho ‐ treated goats. Androgen receptors were present in 60% of the cells in the zonae fasciculata and reticularis of the adrenal cortex, the regions that secrete glucocorticoids. These results suggest that androgen may act directly on the adrenal cortex to suppress cortisol secretion induced by ACTH.  相似文献   

Cell-mediated and humoral immune response to Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs enhanced by dextran sulfate     

M Kishima  R F Ross  C Kuniyasu 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(2):456-462

The effect of dextran sulfate (DS), known to be cytotoxic to macrophages, on the cell-mediated and humoral immune response to nonviable Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in pigs was investigated. The cell-mediated immune response was determined by means of lymphocyte transformation a test, using uptake of [3H]thymidine in a microculture system and the humoral immune response by means of a microplate complement-fixation test. Peripheral blood lymphocytes from pigs vaccinated with nonviable M hyopneumoniae and DS incorporated substantially more [3H]thymidine than did those from pigs given Mycoplasma or DS alone. The transformation of lymphocytes from M hyopneumoniae-DS vaccinated pigs was enhanced when M hyopneumoniae cells used in the assay system were heated at 60 C for 30 minutes. Similarly prepared M flocculare and M hyorhinis cells also stimulated lymphocytes from M hyopneumoniae-DS vaccinated pigs, but not nearly as great as when M hyopneumoniae cells were used. The humoral antibody response and the cell-mediated immune response to nonviable M hyopneumoniae was markedly enhanced by DS. Pigs were vaccinated with nonviable M hyopneumoniae and/or DS 4 times and challenge exposed intratracheally with viable M hyopneumoniae. Pigs vaccinated with M hyopneumoniae and DS had less severe pneumonia than did nonvaccinated pigs.  相似文献   

Quantitative structure-activity studies of substituted benzyl chrysanthemates: 7. Relationship between induction of repetitive discharges and effects on the action potential     

Masato Omatsu  Keiichiro Nishimura  Toshio Fujita 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》1985,24(2):192-199

The effects of substituted benzyl (1R)-trans-chrysanthemates and related compounds on the action potential of the crayfish giant axon were investigated using an intracellular microelectrode. The effects are broadly classified into three types: deceleration of the falling-phase of the action potential (type A), elevation of the depolarizing after-potential (type B), and the combination type (type C). The potency of the type A compounds to decelerate the rate of the falling-phase was determined in terms of the concentration required for reducing the rate to a specified degree. This potency was shown to correlate with the potency to induce repetitive discharges in the cockroach central nerve cord in terms of minimum effective concentration, which was determined previously. The potency of the types B and C compounds to elevate the after-potential was, however, not related directly with the cockroach nerve repetitive activity. The elevation of the after-potential is one of the critical factors but other effects such as a depolarization of the resting potential may be involved in determining the repetitive activity.  相似文献   

Suppressive effect of nonviable Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on phytohemagglutinin-induced transformation of swine lymphocytes     

M Kishima  R F Ross 《American journal of veterinary research》1985,46(11):2366-2368

The effect of nonviable Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae on transformation of swine peripheral blood lymphocytes by mitogen was investigated. Lymphocyte transformation was evaluated as incorporation of [3H]-thymidine, using a microculture system. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was grown in Friis medium, inactivated with sodium azide, and washed with phosphate-buffered saline solution. Four strains of M hyopneumoniae, strain J, strain 11, and 2 low-passage isolates (1361A, 1375C), were found to suppress phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation. Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains J, 11, and 1361A reduced lymphocyte transformation by about 50%, whereas strain 1375C reduced lymphocyte transformation by 98.7%. The suppressive effect was abrogated by heating M hyopneumoniae at 60 C or at higher temperatures for 30 minutes. Sonication of the heated M hyopneumoniae cells partially restored the suppressive effect.  相似文献   

Absolute configuration of new bisaboranoids from Yaku-sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) wood     

Shizuo Nagahama  Tomoaki Sanetika  Masato Tazaki 《Journal of Wood Science》2001,47(1):73-75

The absolute configuration of bisabolanoids isolated from Yaku-sugi wood were compared with those of dihydrocarvone and dihydrocarveol isomers based on their¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance data and optical rotations.  相似文献