排序方式： 共有14条查询结果，搜索用时 406 毫秒
1.
Collado-Romero M Mercado-Blanco J Olivares-García C Jiménez-Díaz RM 《Phytopathology》2008,98(9):1019-1028
The evolutionary relationships among Verticillium dahliae vegetative compatibility (VCG) subgroups VCG1A, VCG1B, VCG2A, VCG2B, VCG4A, VCG4B, and VCG6 were investigated by parsimony analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprints and sequences of six DNA regions (actin, beta-tubulin, calmodulin, and histone 3 genes, the ITS 1 and 2 regions of the rDNA, and a V. dahliae-specific sequence), using 101 isolates of diverse host and geographic origin. Polymorphisms in gene sequences among isolates of different VCGs were very low and individual gene genealogies provided very little resolution at the VCG level. The combined analysis of all DNA regions differentiated all VCG subgroups except for isolates in VCG1A and VCG1B. VCG clonal lineages in V. dahliae and evolutionary relationships among them were resolved independently by analyses of AFLP fingerprints, multiple gene genealogies, and the combined data set of AFLP fingerprinting and multiple gene genealogies. Two main lineages (I and II) were identified with lineage II comprising two closely related subgroups of VCGs. Lineage I included VCG1A, VCG1B, and VCG2B334; and lineage II included, VCG2A and VCG4B (subclade 1); and VCG2B824, VCG4A, and VCG6 (subclade 2). VCG subgroups were monophyletic except for VCG2B that appeared polyphyletic. Limiting the parsimony analysis either to AFLP fingerprints or DNA sequences would have obscured intra-VCG differentiation. Therefore, the dual approach represented by the independent and combined analyses of AFLP fingerprints and DNA sequences was a highly valuable method for the identification of phylogenetic relationships at the intraspecific level in V. dahliae. 相似文献
2.
Eric Zini Melania Osto Marco Franchini Hans Lutz Aurel Perren Mathias Ackermann Claudia E. Reusch 《Research in veterinary science》2010,89(1):20-26
The goal of the study was to determine whether hyperglycaemia or hyperlipidaemia causes pancreatitis in cats and to assess the effect of excess serum glucose and lipids on amylase and lipase activity. Ten-day hyperglycaemic and hyperlipidaemic clamps were carried out in five and six healthy cats, respectively. Ten healthy cats received saline and served as controls. The activity of amylase was below the normal range in 4 of 5 hyperglycaemic cats by day 10. The activity of lipase did not vary in any of the cats. Samples of exocrine pancreas were normal on histological examination, but the number of tissue neutrophils was increased in hyperglycaemic cats (P < 0.05). In a retrospective study 14 of 40 (35%) cats with naturally occurring diabetes mellitus had amylase activities below the reference range at the time of admission. Amylase activities normalised within 1 week of insulin therapy and subsequent glycaemic control. Lipase activity was increased in 26 of 40 (65%) diabetic cats and remained elevated despite glycaemic control. In conclusion, hyperglycaemia, but not hyperlipidaemia, increases pancreatic neutrophils in cats. However, because the histological morphology of the exocrine pancreas was normal, hyperglycaemia may play only a minor role in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis. Low amylase activities in diabetic cats may reflect an imbalance in glucose metabolism rather than pancreatitis. 相似文献
3.
Melania Dallago Paolo Buracco 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2021,62(5):497
Sialocele is an uncommon condition in cats. The treatment of choice for sublingual sialocele is excision of the ipsilateral mandibular and sublingual salivary gland/duct complex. Lateral and ventral cervical approaches have been described for mandibular-sublingual sialoadenectomy; however, the transoral approach, described here, has never been reported in cats. Ranula in the present case was likely caused by an inadvertent trauma of the sublingual duct during resection of a sublingual lesion performed by the referring veterinarian. The definitive surgery consisted of mass removal and sialoadenectomy through a unique oral approach. The surgery was effective without complications encountered after 6 months of follow-up.Key clinical message:This article reports a novel, transoral approach, for mandibular and sublingual sialoadenectomy in the cat. This approach decreases the surgical time and prevents recurrence of the mucocele. 相似文献
4.
Simone Bacchiocchi Debora Campacci Melania Siracusa Alessandra Dubbini Francesca Leoni Tamara Tavoloni Stefano Accoroni Stefania Gorbi Maria Elisa Giuliani Arianna Stramenga Arianna Piersanti 《Marine drugs》2021,19(6)
Tetrodotoxins (TTXs), potent neurotoxins, have become an increasing concern in Europe in recent decades, especially because of their presence in mollusks. The European Food Safety Authority published a Scientific Opinion setting a recommended threshold for TTX in mollusks of 44 µg equivalent kg−1 and calling all member states to contribute to an effort to gather data in order to produce a more exhaustive risk assessment. The objective of this work was to assess TTX levels in wild and farmed mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) harvested in 2018–2019 along the coastal area of the Marche region in the Central Adriatic Sea (Italy). The presence of Vibrio spp. carrying the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and polyketide synthase (PKS) genes, which are suspected to be involved in TTX biosynthesis, was also investigated. Out of 158 mussel samples analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS), 11 (7%) contained the toxins at detectable levels (8–26 µg kg−1) and 3 (2%) contained levels above the EFSA safety threshold (61–76 µg kg−1). Contaminated mussels were all harvested from natural beds in spring or summer. Of the 2019 samples, 70% of them contained V. alginolyticus strains with the NRPS and/or PKS genes. None of the strains containing NRPS and/or PKS genes showed detectable levels of TTXs. TTXs in mussels are not yet a threat in the Marche region nor in Europe, but further investigations are surely needed. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
M. Collado-Romero M. Berbegal R. M. Jiménez-Díaz J. Armengol J. Mercado-Blanco 《Plant pathology》2009,58(3):515-526
A multiplex-nested-PCR procedure was developed for in planta detection of Verticillium dahliae isolates infecting artichoke and assessment of their vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). PCR markers were identified and assigned to V. dahliae VCGs, including: i) a 334 bp marker amplified from VCG1A or VCG2B334 isolates; ii) a 688 bp marker amplified from VCG2A or VCG4B isolates; and iii) a 688 bp and a 964 bp PCR marker amplified from VCG2B824 isolates. The infecting V. dahliae VCGs were identified in artichoke tissues according to specific patterns of amplified markers after two rounds of PCR. The PCR-based 'molecular tool box' was first optimized using DNA extracted from artichoke plants artificially inoculated with isolates representative of known VCGs. Thereafter, the efficiency of the molecular procedure was tested using DNA extracted from naturally-infected artichoke plants showing a range of symptom severity as well as from symptomless plants. The novel multiplex-nested-PCR assay was clearly superior in detecting the pathogen compared to conventional isolation procedures, and in addition was informative about the VCGs. Moreover, the PCR method allowed the detection and VCG identification of V. dahliae infections in symptomless but infected plants, which had yielded false negatives when checked by microbiological isolation procedures. This 'molecular tool box' has uncovered the presence of several V. dahliae VCGs infecting the same artichoke plants in the Comunidad Valenciana Region. In addition, it is useful for genetic and pathogenicity diversity studies of V. dahliae populations infecting artichoke, and may help in predicting the severity of verticillium wilt epidemics. 相似文献
8.
9.
Martelli Antonela Fernandez Melania Sequeiros Cynthia Barón Pedro J. 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(2):791-802
In this study, we analyzed the effects of supplying two alternative Patagonian-autochthonous probiotic strains of Bacillus sp. and Lactococcus sp. or no probiotic at all (control treatment) on the survival, stage duration, molting success to the next larval instar, and speed of vertical displacement of the zoeae I of the southern surf crab Ovalipes trimaculatus, also considering two alternative methods for their administration: (i) direct inoculation into the rearing seawater or (ii) bio-encapsulation in Artemia persimilis nauplii. Both probiotic strains were effectively bio-encapsulated by the nauplii at high CFU x naupli?1. Probiotic inoculation in the rearing seawater improved the performance of the zoeae over the control treatment and also outperformed bio-encapsulation. Bio-encapsulation in Artemia nauplii resulted in lower survival and molting success to zoeae II compared to the control treatment. No significant differences were observed between the mean effects of either one of the two probiotics. Overall, our results show that the direct inoculation of any of both probiotics into rearing seawater improves the larval culture of the portunid crab.
相似文献10.
Narrow lenses for capturing the complexity of fisheries: A topic analysis of fisheries science from 1990 to 2016 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Despite increased fisheries science output and publication outlets, the global crisis in fisheries management is as present as ever. Since a narrow research focus may be a contributing factor to this failure, this study uncovers topics in fisheries research and their trends over time. This interdisciplinary research evaluates whether science is diversifying fisheries research topics in an attempt to capture the complexity of the fisheries system, or whether it is multiplying research on similar topics, attempting to achieve an in‐depth, but possibly marginal, understanding of a few selected components of this system. By utilizing latent Dirichlet allocation as a generative probabilistic topic model, we analyse a unique dataset consisting of 46,582 full‐text articles published in the last 26 years in 21 specialized scientific fisheries journals. Among the 25 topics uncovered by the model, only one (Fisheries management) refers to the human dimension of fisheries understood as socio‐ecological complex adaptive systems. The most prevalent topics in our dataset directly relating to fisheries refer to Fisheries management, Stock assessment, and Fishing gear, with Fisheries management attracting the most interest. We propose directions for future research focus that most likely could contribute to providing useful advice for successful management of fisheries. 相似文献