动物细胞遗传学研究现状及其应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

门正明  韩建林 《甘肃农业大学学报》1993,28(4):317-322

本文介绍了细胞遗传学在动物方面的研究现状及其在畜牧业上的应用。细胞遗传学的研究主要以染色体为对象。目前世界上现存的哺乳动物约4100多种,其中进行过染色体研究或核型分析的有1468种,我国已研究过的有242种。细胞遗传学在人类医学上的应用是众所周知的,在畜牧业上主要用于对种畜进行细胞学检查,以消除对家畜繁殖性能有影响的畸变染色本,以染色体标记来识别家畜品种,对环境污染的监测及遗传操作中的染色体工程。  相似文献   

Physiological Response of Multiple Contrasting Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivars to Suboptimal Temperatures          下载免费PDF全文

M. M. Rachoski  A. Vidal  O. A. Ruiz  A. B. Menéndez  A. A. Rodríguez 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2015,201(2):117-127

The physiological response of multiple rice cultivars, eighteen initially and eight cultivars later on, to suboptimal temperatures (ST) conditions was investigated in laboratory and outdoor experimental conditions. Treatment with ST decreased growth in different extents according to the cultivar and affected the PSII performance, determined by chlorophyll fluorescence fast‐transient test, and stomatal conductance, regardless the experimental condition. Two groups of cultivars could be distinguished on the base of their growth and physiological parameters. The group of cultivars presenting higher growths displayed optimal JIP values, and higher instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE_i), due to a lower Gs under ST, unlike cultivars showing lower growth values, which presented worse JIP values and could not adjust their Gs and hence their WUE_i. In this work, we detected at least two cultivars with superior tolerance to ST than the cold tolerant referent Koshihikari. These cultivars could be used as parents or tolerance donors in breeding for new crop varieties. On other hand, positive and significant correlations between data obtained from laboratory and outdoor experiments suggest that laboratory measurements of most of the above mentioned parameters would be useful to predict the response of rice cultivars to ST outdoor.  相似文献   

基于PLC的碟式太阳自动跟踪控制系统研究     

王林军  门静  许立晓  张东  邵磊  刘伟 《中国农机化学报》2015,(3):274-278

由于太阳辐射方向的时刻改变和太阳辐射能的不稳定性,导致碟式太阳能发电系统利用率始终较低。为了解决这个问题,本文提出了一种基于PLC控制的全天候自动跟踪方式,利用光照强度与光照强度阈值的差值作为跟踪方式切换的判据,不仅消除了程序跟踪造成的累积误差,而且避免了光电传感器在阴天或多云时无法工作的问题。为保证系统在任何天气情况下均可稳定运行,信息反馈元件增加了风速传感器、温度传感器及倾角传感器。另外,在设计系统硬软件时,采取了一系列措施来进一步降低系统运行成本。  相似文献   

Arteries of the hindfoot of the llama (Lama glama)     

Graziotti G  Ríos C  Rodríguez Menéndez J  Victorica CL 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2000,29(5):273-276

The objective of this study was to describe the arterial distribution of the hindfoot of the llama (Lama glama). Ten adult llamas, preserved in 6% formalin solution at 0 degree C, were dissected. The arterial system was perfused with a solution of 14% coloured plaster; the venous system was perfused with a solution of 17% coloured industrial gelatin. Angiographies were also obtained. In the llama, the arterial distribution is of the saphenous type and this simple sort of irrigation could be used as a didactic model. The caudal branch of the saphenous artery divides into the small lateral plantar artery and the larger medial plantar artery, which continues as the plantar common digital artery III, and it is the main blood supply of the hindfoot. The dorsal pedal artery is underdeveloped and the perforating tarsal artery does not exist in this species. The plantar common digital artery III divides into the plantar proper digital II, III and IV. Branches from the plantar proper digital artery III supply the digits. We compared the arterial distribution of the hindfoot of the llama with that of other domestic animals including the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius).  相似文献   

Effects of varying nitrogen doses on yield,yield components and artemisinin content of Artemisia annua L.     

Menşure Özgüven  Bilge Şener  Ilkay Orhan  Nazım Şekeroğlu  Muzaffer Kirpik  Murat Kartal  Ipek Peşin  Zülküf Kaya 《Industrial Crops and Products》2008,27(1):60-64

Artemisia annua L. is an aromatic-antibacterial herb that destroys malarial parasites, lowers fevers and checks bleeding, and of which the secondary compound of interest is artemisinin. The objective of the present study was to determine yield, yield components and artemisinin content of A. annua L. grown under four nitrogen applications (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha⁻¹) in the Çukurova region of Turkey in 2004 and 2005. Field trials were conducted at Çukurova University, Agricultural Faculty Field Crops Department. In the study, plant height, number of branches, fresh herbage yield, dry herbage yield, fresh leaf yield, dry leaf yield, essential oil content and artemisinin content (by high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC) were examined. By analysis of variance, nitrogen doses had no any statistical effect on the traits investigated except for artemisinin content. Artemisinin content of the dried leaves were significantly affected by nitrogen applications, which varied from 6.32 to 27.50 mg 100 g⁻¹. Contents were from 120 and 80 kg ha⁻¹ nitrogen for the years of 2004 and 2005, respectively.  相似文献   

Microscopic structure features changes of rice straw treated by boiled acid solution     

C.T. Yu  W.H. Chen  L.C. Men  W.S. Hwang 《Industrial Crops and Products》2009,29(2-3):308-315

This study focuses on the determination of structure change of surface area, morphology, crystallinity and pyrolysis characteristics of cellulosic feedstock treated by hot acid solution. The microscopic structure change of acid-treated samples was examined by using BET, SEM/EDX, XRD and pyrolysis–GC–MS under reasonable condition. Results showed that both surface area and pore volume of treated sample were conspicuous increased partial due to dissolution of silica and organic polar-components. Morphological change of plant cell wall surface was viewed as damage such as exfoliation, cave and fracture appeared on epidermis, vascular bundles. The crystallinity index of residual cellulose microcrystalline was widely enhanced because amorphous hemicellulose was removed off while crystalline was changeless. Under hot acid solution reaction, amorphous hemicellulose was hydrolyzed and leaving larger perfect cellulose thus increasing of crystalline size. Those available cellulose was obvious exposed after acid treatment and gave intensive characteristic peak on pyrogram analyzed by pyrolysis–GC–MS.  相似文献   

甘肃庆阳草地畜牧业回顾与展望     

孟宪政  王凯 《草业科学》1998,15(4):33-35

回顾了自１９８２年以来庆阳地区草地畜牧业从实施飞播牧草项目、草地牧业综合发展示范项目到实施中国－－欧盟过渡期奶类项目所走过的路程，通过总结和认真思考，提出了“九五”到２０１０年草地畜牧业的思路，发展布局和重点，以及奋斗目标。  相似文献   

关于加快我国实验室生物安保发展的几点建议     

门立强  李慧杰  刘绯  吴好庭  李芳韬  毛娅卿  万建青 《中国动物检疫》2022,39(7):55-58

近年来,随着对病原微生物和各种传染性疾病研究的深入,我国生物实验室数量越来越多,完善实验室生物安保体系对于保护科研人员和社会安全具有重大意义。本文首先明确了实验室生物安保和实验室生物安全的区别与联系,而后指出我国存在生物安保相关法规制度不完善,实验室实施环节生物安保能力较为薄弱等问题,并借鉴WHO和部分发达国家的生物安保法规以及实施现状,提出了完善制度法规,加强实验室实施环节能力建设,强化生物安保培训,加强风险评估认识等适合我国生物安保发展现状的相关建议,以期为完善我国生物安保体系,加快生物安保发展提供参考。  相似文献   

农林复合模式耗水特征的数值模拟——模型的建立与检验   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

张劲松  孟平  宋兆民  陆光明  马秀玲 《林业科学研究》1996,9(4):332-337

运用土壤—植物—大气水分传输理论，建立农林复合模式的土壤分层水量平衡模型。主要公式有：土壤蒸发与植被蒸腾、林木与小麦根系吸水、土壤层次间的水分交换及植被冠层截留量等水分要素的计算。模型的求解采用数值计算法，并利用０～２００ｃｍ土壤容积含水量的实测值进行验证。研究表明：可以利用所建立的模型，模拟计算林带与小麦根系吸水量、林带与农田蒸散耗水量、林带影响农田土壤水分范围与程度。  相似文献   

大豆多肽对西洋参生物生长量与人参皂苷Rb1含量的影响     

门敬菊  王振月  康毅华  王宗权  唐先明  侯志勇  赵海鹏  侯素云 《中国林副特产》2005,(6):3-6

研究大豆多肽对西洋参(Panax quinquefoliusL.)生物生长量和人参皂苷Rb1含量的影响。将大豆多肽2号粉和3号粉分别配制成高、中、低3种浓度的水溶液,以叶面喷洒与根部灌注的方式,对生长3年的西洋参进行实验;同时观察生物生长量和人参皂苷Rb1的变化并总结规律。大豆多肽2号粉4mg/ml浓度根部灌注对西洋参生物生长量与人参皂苷Rb1增加作用最明显。研究结果为提高西洋参产量与质量提供理论依据,在西洋参的栽培种植中起到了实践指导作用。  相似文献