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1.
Treatment of cow-waste slurry by a microbial fuel cell and the properties of the treated slurry as a liquid manure 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hiroshi YOKOYAMA Hideyuki OHMORI Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA Miyoko WAKI Yasuo TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(6):634-638
Resource recycling and the proper treatment of animal waste to reduce its environmental impact are currently important issues for the livestock industry. A microbial fuel cell (MFC), a new type of bioreactor, is expected to play roles in both waste‐water purification and energy recovery. However, the generation of electricity from cow waste has not yet been examined. In this study, using an MFC, we examined the possibility of generating electricity from dairy‐cow waste slurry, and analyzed the properties of the treated slurry as liquid manure for resource recycling. The MFC treatment of the slurry generated electricity in a dose‐dependent manner, and the maximum power output by the MFC from a 1 g of chemical oxygen demand/L slurry was 0.34 mW/m2. After the MFC treatment, 84% of the biological oxygen demand in the slurry was removed and three essential fertilizer elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) were retained at 84, 70, and 91% levels, respectively. The amount of ammonia nitrogen in the slurry, as an element of fast‐release fertilizer, was increased by 1.9‐fold. Although the treated slurry displayed properties that made it preferable as liquid manure, further studies to improve the electrical power output by the MFC are required for practical use. 相似文献
2.
Eitaro Fukatsu Miyoko Tsubomura Yoshitake Fujisawa Ryogo Nakada 《Annals of Forest Science》2013,70(5):451-459
Context
Wood density is an important component of wood quality, and it is therefore important to assess whether it can be subject to genetic improvement.Aim and methods
We assessed the potential for genetic improvement of wood density in Larix kaempferi by recording components of annual growth rings. A full diallel mating test based on six plus L. kaempferi trees was used. Trees were 29 years old. Wood density was recorded by soft X-ray densitometry, and genetic parameters and genetic gains were computed.Results
Wood density of mature wood was highly heritable, and the largest heritability (0.78) was reached at age 25. Specific combining ability and reciprocal effects displayed very low variance. The age–age correlation of overall wood density was very high (>0.94). The genetic correlation between overall wood density and basal cross-sectional area was positive after age 10. Early selection at age 6 would account for 69 % of the genetic gain from direct selection at age 28 in terms of wood density.Conclusion
Genetic improvement of wood density could be achieved by mass selection and a simultaneous selection for radial increment in L. kaempferi; early selection for wood density can be achieved in this species. 相似文献3.
Toru Taniguchi Yasunori Ohmiya Manabu Kurita Miyoko Tsubomura Teiji Kondo Yong Woo Park Kei’ichi Baba Takahisa Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2008,54(5):408-413
We performed biosafety assessments of transgenic poplars prior to field trials. Constitutive expression of the Aspergillus aculeatus xyloglucanase in Populus alba increased the cellulose content and specific gravity of its stem, the leaves of which were visibly greener, thicker, and
smaller than those of the wild-type plant. Although the young transgenic poplars grew faster than the wild type in a growth
chamber, there was no distinguishable difference in growth between the poplars when they were placed in a special screened
greenhouse. Allelopathic tests showed that the transgenic poplars do not produce harmful substances. Based on all the biosafety
assessments and the scientific literature on poplar species, we came to the conclusion that transgenic poplars probably do
not disturb the biological diversity of the surrounding environment, even when they are submitted to field trials. 相似文献
4.
Miyoko Tsubomura Eitaro Fukatsu Ryogo Nakada Yoko Fukuda 《Annals of Forest Science》2012,69(8):867-875
Context
Clonal variation of flower production has been investigated thoroughly in coniferous tree species because of the importance of flowering in seed production from seed orchards. However, the inheritance of flower production by progeny test has not been previously studied well, so the heritability of male flower production of Cryptomeria japonica, the most important species for forestry and the main cause of pollinosis in Japan, was estimated to provide fundamental data for pollen control in seed orchards and plantation forests.Methods
Male flower production in C. japonica was investigated for three years using 20 full-sib families created by a diallel mating design with six parents using gibberellin treatment to promote flowering.Results
The narrow-sense individual tree heritability of male flower production in each year was estimated as ranging from 0.777?±?0.339 to 1.050?±?0.346 by sib analyses. The contribution of general combining ability to the total variance varied from 24.1 to 35.6?%. The highest contribution of specific combining ability was 1.42?%. By selecting the top 50?% of parental clones for reduced male flower production, the genetic gain in lowering male flower productivity was predicted as 46.1?C53.0?%.Conclusion
Our results suggest that male flower production in C. japonica is under strong genetic control and that control of male flowering by breeding is possible with a well-designed program. 相似文献5.
6.
Tsukasa WAKI Yuma OHARI Kei HAYASHI Junji MORIBE Kayoko MATSUO Yasuhiro TAKASHIMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(6):957
Trematodes of the genus Dicrocoelium are one of the most common parasites in ruminant animals; however, their life cycles in Japan are unclear. To find the sporocysts of D. chinensis in the natural field, we sampled 269 land snails (14 species) at a location with high level infection of sika deer in Gifu Prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan in autumn between 2017 and 2019. During the sampling period, we found mother sporocysts in the hepatopancreas of Aegista vulgivaga and Cyclophorus herklotsi. DNA barcoding based on the sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 showed that the sporocysts from A. vulgivaga belonged to D. chinensis, indicating that this snail has potential as the first intermediate host of D. chinensis at this location. 相似文献
7.
Miyoko Saito DVM Natasha J. Olby Vet MB PhD Kathy Spaulding DVM Karen Mu&#;ana DVM MS Nicholas J.H. Sharp BVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):687-694
Forty-four transcranial Doppler ultrasound studies were performed in 36 dogs. The ratio of the height of the ventricle to the height of the brain (VB ratio) was calculated to determine the severity of ventriculomegaly. Resistance index (RI) was calculated from Doppler measurements of the blood flow velocity in the basilar artery and neurologic signs were scored on a scale of 0 to 3. Based on clinical and ultrasonographic findings, dogs were divided into four groups (normal controls, asymptomatic hydrocephalus, symptomatic hydrocephalus, and other intracranial disease). RI and VB ratio were compared between the groups of dogs and compared with neurologic signs in hydrocephalic dogs. RI ranged from 0.50 to 0.81 (mean, 0.68). Resistance index was significantly higher in dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus and other intracranial disease when compared with the other two groups. The degree of ventriculomegaly was significantly higher in dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus than the other groups, but there was substantial overlap between asymptomatic and symptomatic hydrocephalus groups. Combining measurements of VB ratio and RI allowed detection of symptomatic hydrocephalus with a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 94%. The severity of neurological signs was significantly correlated with RI and with VB ratio in hydrocephalic dogs, and in dogs evaluated on more than one occasion, changes in neurologic status were accompanied by changes in RI but not in VB ratio. All asymptomatic hydrocephalic dogs with a VB ratio of greater than 60% eventually developed neurologic signs. Our results suggest that ultrasonographic measurement of VB ratio and basilar artery RI may allow identification of dogs with symptomatic hydrocephalus or dogs that are at risk of developing symptomatic hydrocephalus. Repeated RI measurements are a useful means of monitoring dogs with a variety of intracranial diseases. 相似文献
8.
Miyoko Saito DVM Nicholas J.H. Sharp BVM PHD Karen Munana DVM MS Brigid V. Troan DVM Mikihiko Tokuriki DVM PHD Donald E. Thrall DVM PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(1):16-21
Computed tomography (CT) findings in a dog with intracranial blastomycosis were marked periventricular contrast enhancement of the lateral ventricles, the 3rd ventricle, and the mesencephalic aqueduct. The CT appearance correlated with the histopathologic findings, where severe ependymitis was present throughout the ventricular system and there was stenosis of the mesencephalic aqueduct due to an inflammatory infiltrate. CT is therefore recommended as a screening test for intracranial blastomycosis in dogs and also as an imaging modality for follow-up evaluation after treatment. This is particularly true in dogs with systemic or ocular blastomycosis, which appear to be at higher risk of developing CNS involvement. 相似文献
9.
Immunohistochemical localization of transforming growth factor alpha in regenerating rat liver 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Okada M Sakairi T Kusakabe M Goto K Tsuchiya T Sugimoto J Sano F Mutai M Morohashi T Kobayashi K 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(11):1045-1048
Immunohistochemical localization of TGF-alpha and cell proliferation kinetics during liver regeneration after two-thirds partial hepatectomy (PH) were investigated. Twenty-four to 72 hr after PH, appreciable increase in the number of TGF-alpha-positive hepatocytes was observed in zones 1 and 2. At the peak at 36 hr, almost all positive cells were stained in their nuclei. Considerable increase in the BrdU labeling index was observed 24-36 hr after PH with a peak at 24 hr in zones 1 and 2. These results indicated an association between TGF-alpha expression and hepatocyte regeneration. It is suggested that immunohistochemical localization of TGF-alpha may be a useful marker of cell proliferation activity in rat liver. 相似文献
10.
Miyoko Saito DVM Nicholas J.H. Sharp BVM PhD Gregg D. Kortz DVM Alexander De Lahunta DVM PhD Richard J. Leventer MD Mikihiko Tokuriki DVM PhD Donald E. Thrall DVM PhD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(4):331-337
Two Lhasa Apsos were diagnosed with lissencephaly based on MR imaging and clinical findings. Histologic confirmation of the diagnosis was obtained in one dog. The MR imaging appearance of the brain in 2 Lhasa Apsos with lissencephaly was of a smooth cerebral surface and a thick neocortex with an absence of the corona radiata. This correlated very well with the histopathologic findings in the dog. Our findings, together with the histopathologic features reported previously, are most consistent with Lhasa Apsos having the canine equivalent of human classical lissencephaly. MR is the imaging modality of choice for antemortem diagnosis of canine lissencephaly. 相似文献