Letter to Editor          下载免费PDF全文

Chand Khanna DVM  PhD  DACVIM  David Vail DVM  DACVIM  Mona Rosenberg DVM  DACVIM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(1):9-9

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Use of dopamine in acute renal failure     

Nadja E. Sigrist  DrMedVet  FVH  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2007,17(2):117-126

Objective: To review the current understanding of dopamine and its use in the prevention and treatment of acute renal failure (ARF). Data sources: Original research articles and scientific reviews. Human data synthesis: Low‐dose dopamine administration has been shown to increase natriuresis and urinary output in both healthy individuals and in a few small studies in human patients with renal insufficiency. However, in several large meta‐analyses, dopamine treatment did not change mortality or the need for dialysis. Due to the potential side effects, the use of dopamine for prevention and treatment of ARF is no longer recommended in human medicine. Veterinary data synthesis: Low‐dose dopamine increases urinary output in healthy animals and animal models of ARF if given before the insult. There are no available studies looking at the effect of low‐dose dopamine therapy in naturally occurring ARF in dogs or cats. Conclusion: Due to the potential side effects of low‐dose dopamine therapy, the results from large human trials, and the lack of information in veterinary medicine, the use of dopamine for treatment of ARF in veterinary patients should be further evaluated.  相似文献   

Surgical Treatment of Male Dogs With Urinary Incontinence Due to Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence     

U.Th. WEBER DrMedVet  Diplomate ECVS    S. ARNOLD DrMedVet    M. HUBLER DMV  J.R. KUPPER DrMedVet 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1997,26(1):51-56

A modified technique for fixation of the deferent ducts to the abdominal wall as a therapy for urinary incontinence caused by urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) in male dogs is described, and the results in seven dogs are reported. The goal of this treatment was to achieve an effect similar to colposuspension in female dogs with USMI. An increase in urethral length of an average of 28 mm was obtained (range, 5 to 50 mm, measured radiographically). Preoperatively, the neck of the bladder was located intrapelvically in five of seven dogs. Postoperatively, the neck of the bladder was located intra-abdominally, near the caudo-ventral abdominal wall, in all dogs. After a follow-up period of 12 to 49 months, the response to surgery, based on lack of or decrease of incontinence, was excellent in three dogs, good in another three, and poor in one dog.  相似文献   

Triangulated Flap Technique for Nasofrontal Surgery Results in Five Horses     

J. T. BLACKFORD dvm  MS  D. O. GOBLE dvm  DiplomateACVS  R. W. HENRY dvm  PhD  D. R. GEISER dvm  J. P. HELD DrMedVet 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1985,14(4):287-294

A modified bone-flap technique was used to expose space occupying lesions that involved the conchofrontal sinus, ethmoturbinates, and caudal nasal cavity in five horses. The most common clinical findings were chronic nasal discharge and upper airway obstruction. Surgical intervention was based on endoscopic and radiographic interpretation. The triangulated bone-flap technique increased surgical exposure to the conchofrontal sinus by almost twice the area observed in previously described surgical techniques. The major advantages were that this technique allowed excellent visualization, thorough palpation, and surgical manipulation within the sinus and associated structures. Complications were minimal. One horse was euthanized 1 month postoperatively with recurrence and spread of a mycotic granuloma. The technique extended the usefulness of the other four horses in a 9 to 24 month follow-up period, although the obstructing lesion recurred after 2 years in one of the four horses.  相似文献   

Ex Vivo Evaluation of Carpal Flexion After Partial Carpal Arthrodesis in Horses          下载免费PDF全文

Patty J. Tulloch DVM  James D. Johnston PhD  Spencer M. Barber DVM  Diplomate ACVS  Candace L. Gellert BSc  Hayley M. Lang DVM  Luca Panizzi DrMedVet  MVetSc  Diplomate ACVS‐LA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):386-391

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Gross nitrogen mineralisation and fungi-to-bacteria ratios are negatively correlated in boreal forests     

Mona N. Högberg  Yu Chen  Peter Högberg 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2007,44(2):363-366

In terrestrial ecosystems, gross nitrogen mineralisation is positively correlated to microbial biomass but negatively to soil organic matter C-to-N ratios; the influence of the microbial community structure is less well known. Here, we relate rates of gross N mineralisation to fungi-to-bacteria ratios in three natural forest types of contrasting N availability and in a long-term N-loading experiment in a boreal forest. We report, for the first time, a strong negative correlation between gross N mineralisation and the fungi-to-bacteria ratio ( = 0.91, P = 0.0005, N = 7). There was also a negative correlation between gross N mineralisation and the C-to-N ratio ( = 0.89, P = 0.001, N = 7), but a weaker positive correlation between gross N mineralisation and soil pH ( = 0.64, P = 0.019, N = 7). Our analysis suggests that soil fungi-to-bacteria and C-to-N ratios are interrelated and that they exert strong influences on soil N cycling in boreal forests.  相似文献   

Influence of S. babylonica extract on feed intake, growth performance and diet in vitro gas production profile in young lambs     

Abdelfattah Z.M. Salem  Ahmed E. Kholif  Misael Olivares  Mona M.Y. Elghandour  Miguel Mellado  Javier Arece 《Tropical animal health and production》2014,46(1):213-219

An experiment was completed to determine the effect of Salix babylonica (SB) extract supplementation to the diet of growing lambs. Eighteen Katahdin × Pelibuey male lambs (14?±?2 kg live body weight) were divided randomly in individual cages into three groups and fed three diets varying in SB: a control group was fed on total mixed ration (TMR) without SB (SB0), an SB25 group was fed on TMR plus SB extract at 25 mL/lamb/day, and an SB50 group was fed on TMR plus SB extract at 50 mL/lamb/day on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency, and in vitro gas production (GP) in lambs fed on TMR. In vitro GP of the TMR fed to lambs was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation with 0, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 mL extract per gram of DM. Addition of SB extract at low and high doses improved the DMI of lambs by 59.9 and 33.2 %, respectively. Relative to the control, low and high extract doses achieved greater lamb ADG during the experimental period. The asymptotic GP increased (P?<?0.05) with increasing dose of SB extract without affecting the rate of GP or the initial delay before GP begins. Linear increases for in vitro GP with advancing time with different SB extract doses were observed. It is suggested that the use of S. babylonica extract with the rate of 25 mL/lamb/day is beneficial to young lamb’s performance growth and thus can be safely used as a feed additive in diets without any negative effects on animal health.  相似文献   

Effect of increasing levels of seven tree species extracts added to a high concentrate diet on in vitro rumen gas output     

Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem  Ahmed E. Kholif  Mona M. Y. Elghandour  Saul R. Hernandez  Ignacio A. Domínguez‐Vara  Miguel Mellado 《Animal Science Journal》2014,85(9):853-860

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of increasing levels of extracts of Byrsonima crassifolia, Celtis pallida, Enterolobium cyclocarpum, Fraxinus excelsior, Ficus trigonata, Phoradendrom brevifolium and Prunus domestica on in vitro gas production (GP) and ruminal fermentation of a high concentrate diet. Plant extracts were prepared at 1 g dry matter (DM)/8 mL of solvent mixture (methanol : ethanol : water, 1:1:8) and added at levels of 0, 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 mL/g DM of a high concentrate diet. In vitro GP was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation. Increasing addition of extracts linearly increased (P < 0.001), the GP₂₄, GP₄₈ and GP₇₂ (mL/g DM), and linearly decreased (P < 0.001), the discrete GP lag time. Moreover, increasing extract doses linearly increased (P < 0.001) the asymptotic GP and decreased (P < 0.001) the rate of GP. GP₆ was not impacted by treatments and GP₁₂ increased linearly (P = 0.01) with increasing addition of extracts. Rumen pH declined linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing doses of extracts added. As no interactions (P > 0.05) occurred between the extracts and doses, it could be conclude that all extracts positively modified rumen fermentation at doses of 1.2 to 1.8 mL extract/g diet DM.  相似文献   

Patterns of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae infection of three salmonid species in large,deep Norwegian lakes     

Tone Jran Oredalen  Mona Sb  Tor Atle Mo 《Journal of fish diseases》2022,45(1):185-202

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD), caused by the myxozoan endoparasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, is of serious ecological and economical concern to wild and farmed salmonids. Wild salmonid populations have declined due to PKD, primarily in rivers, in Europe and North America. Deep lakes are also important habitats for salmonids, and this work aimed to investigate parasite presence in five deep Norwegian lakes. Kidney samples from three salmonid species from deep lakes were collected and tested using real-time PCR to detect PKD parasite presence. We present the first detection of T. bryosalmonae in European whitefish in Norway for the first time, as well as the first published documentation of the parasite in kidneys of Arctic charr, brown trout and whitefish in four lakes. The observed prevalence of the parasite was higher in populations of brown trout than of Arctic charr and whitefish. The parasite was detected in farmed, but not in wild, charr in one lake. This suggests a possible link with a depth of fish habitat and fewer T. bryosalmonae-infected and PKD-affected fish. Towards a warmer climate, cold hypolimnion in deep lakes may act as a refuge for wild salmonids, while cold deep water may be used to control PKD in farmed salmonids.  相似文献   

Surgical Repair of Tibial Tuberosity Avulsion Fractures in Four Horses     

BARBARA L. SMITH DVM  MS    JOERG A. AUER DrMedVet  MS  DiplomateACVS  JEFFREY P. WATKINS DVM  MS  DiplomateACVs 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1990,19(2):117-121

Four horses, 2 to 17 years old, were treated for unilateral avulsion fractures of the tibial tuberosity. Two horses were treated successfully with tension band wiring or plating in combination with lag screw fixation. One horse was euthanatized because of implant failure during recovery and one was euthanatized on day 11 because a longitudinal fracture of the tibial tuberosity occurred through the plane of the screws used for stabilization.  相似文献