Plasma protein levels as potential marker traits for resistance to furunculosis   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

R. SALTE  H. M. GJØEN  K. NORBERG  T. GJEDREM 《Journal of fish diseases》1993,16(6):561-568

Abstract. The feasibility of including individual records on correlated traits in a family selection programme which aims to increase resistance to furunculosis in Atlantic salmon was studied; markers were selected because of their potential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Fibrinogen and α₂-antiplasmin both show genetic variation; both are correlated with survival after challenge with Aeromonas salmonicida , the correlation being 0·44 and 0·37 ( P < 0·05), respectively, and it is possible to measure both on a large scale at low costs. Contrary to α₂-antiplasmin, fibrinogen was negatively correlated with survival due to furunculosis within the 10 most resistant families and within the 10 most susceptible families in contrast to an overall positive correlation. This inconsistency could be attributable to the presence of different allelic phases in different families, and of major linked loci influencing survival and fibrinogen levels. Thus, only α₂-antiplasmin fulfils the requirements for a marker trait for resistance to the disease suitable for individual selection at the population level, whereas the use of fibrinogen would be restricted to within family selection. The full statistical model explained 51% of the variation in resistance to furunculosis, and α₂-antiplasmin contributed 15% to this variation when considered as a separate entity. Thus, the additional gain from including individual records on α₂-antiplasmin in a family selection programme could be significant.  相似文献   

A procedure for parallel isolation of white blood cells, granulocyte and purified neutrophil suspensions from the peripheral blood of cattle.     

W D Kremer  E N Noordhuizen-Stassen  P A Henricks  H van der Vliet 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1992,31(1-2):189-193

A rapid method is described for parallel isolation of white blood cells, granulocytes and purified neutrophils from peripheral blood of normal cattle. The mean recovery (+/- S.D.) of white blood cells, granulocytes and purified neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of 13 cows was 66.4 +/- 12.6%, 68.7 +/- 20.0% and 38.0 +/- 20.9%, respectively. The mean purity of the isolated granulocyte and neutrophil suspensions was 94.0 +/- 3.8% and 95.0 +/- 6.0%, respectively. Viability of isolated cells was more than 97%.  相似文献   

Beta-hydroxybutyrate levels in peripheral blood and ketone bodies supplemented in culture media affect the in vitro chemotaxis of bovine leukocytes.     

W Suriyasathaporn  A J Daemen  E N Noordhuizen-Stassen  S J Dieleman  M Nielen  Y H Schukken 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》1999,68(2-4):177-186

The role of ketone bodies on chemotactic capacities of leukocytes was characterized in two experiments. Experiment I was performed to investigate the association between serum beta-hydroxybutyrate concentrations (BHB) and in vitro chemotaxis of leukocytes. Cows were divided into low-BHB, medium-BHB, and high-BHB ones and classified according to their BHB. Leukocytes from high-BHB cows had a significantly lower chemotactic differential than leukocytes from low-BHB cows (p < 0.01). The effect of adding ketone bodies into in vitro chemotaxis cultures on leukocytes chemotaxis was studied in Experiment II. Either individual or a combination of commercial ketone bodies - sodium salts of BHB (BHBA), lithium salt of acetoacetate (ACAC), and acetone (Acetone) - were diluted in culture media and divided into eight concentrations corresponding to concentrations of bovine subclinical and clinical ketosis. For leukocytes from medium- and high-BHB cow, the chemotactic indexes of leukocytes were reduced by ACAC and Acetone. Chemotactic differentials of cultures with ACAC and acetone supplementation from both sources of leukocytes were significantly lower than that of the control culture (p < 0.05). For leukocytes from high-BHB cows, chemotactic indexes were suppressed in a ketone-body environment. In conclusion, leukocytes from naturally-occurring ketotic cows have lower chemotactic differentials than those from non-ketotic cows, and a chemotactic capacity indicated by a chemotactic differential is impaired when leukocytes migrate in an environment with ketone bodies in vitro.  相似文献   

Ultrastructure and innervation of smooth muscle in the porcine oviduct     

H. RODRIGUEZ-MARTINEZ  H. EKWALL  L. PL EN 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1985,14(1):33-46

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基于改进Bayes抠图算法的麦穗小穗自动计数方法   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘哲  袁冬根  王恩 《中国农业科技导报》2020,22(8):75-82

小麦产量评估需人工获取田间单位面积的麦穗数和麦穗小穗数，往往耗时耗力。为了实现高效、自动地麦穗小穗计数，提出一种基于改进Bayes抠图算法的麦穗小穗自动计数方法。该方法首先利用改进Bayes抠图算法对获取地自然生长条件下的麦穗图像进行抠图，将麦穗从自然背景中分割出来。然后对该图像进行平滑滤波和二值化，运用迭代极限腐蚀运算对二值化图像进行腐蚀处理，去除麦穗图像中的麦芒，分离出麦穗上每个单独的麦穗小穗。再运用面积滤波滤除掉面积过小的区域，对剩余区域的黑洞进行填充，由此每个单独的麦穗小穗形成一个单独的连通区域，最后对连通区域进行标记和计数，完成麦穗小穗的自动计数。使用4个小麦品种的麦穗图像对麦穗上的小穗进行计数验证，结果表明，该方法在识别4个品种田间麦穗单幅图像中小穗数量的平均计数精度达到94.53%，平均相对误差为5.47%，对比已有麦穗小穗自动计数方法，计数精度显著提高，这对于小麦在线产量预估具有重要意义。  相似文献   

A Cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent covariates to evaluate the relationship between body-condition score and the risks of first insemination and pregnancy in a high-producing dairy herd     

W. Suriyasathaporn  M. Nielen  S. J. Dieleman  A. Brand  E. N. Noordhuizen-Stassen  Y. H. Schukken 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1998,37(1-4):159-172

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between body-condition score and postpartum reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle. Data on body-condition score, reproduction, diseases, and production from 1404 lactations of 639 cows, calving between January 1984 and November 1996 on a commercial farm, were used. The Cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent covariates was used to qualify the relationship between body-condition score on a scale of 1 to 5 and risks of first insemination and pregnancy. Cows with body condition at calving <3 had lower first-insemination risks. Loss of body-condition score between calving and 45 days after calving was associated with increased days open and days-to-first insemination. Cows with body-condition scores <2 after Day 45 and before first insemination were less likely to be inseminated and become pregnant compared with cows that had higher body condition. Milk yield, mastitis, lameness, milk fever and genital infection were associated with a reduction in reproductive efficiency. The results indicated that loss of body-condition and actual body-condition scores before conception or first insemination or both can be used as a prognosis for days open and days-to-first insemination in dairy herds.  相似文献   

Hyperketonemia and the impairment of udder defense: a review   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Suriyasathaporn W  Heuer C  Noordhuizen-Stassen EN  Schukken YH 《Veterinary research》2000,31(4):397-412

The objective of this study was to review the possible relationships between hyperketonemia and the function of phagocytes with respect to the bovine udder defense mechanism. We hypothesize that an increased incidence of clinical mastitis in high-producing cows is caused by the impairment of the udder defense mechanism during hyperketonemia. First, we review the acute phase of udder defense mechanisms after intramammary infection. The physiological changes of cows in negative energy balance are subsequently discussed. Finally, possible relationships between udder defense and physiological changes during negative energy balance, especially hyperketonemia, are reviewed. The three stages of an acute phase of udder defense are: (1) immediately eliminating invading pathogens by phagocytes, (2) releasing inflammatory substances, especially chemoattractants, and (3) migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into the infected udder. Leukocytes from hyperketonemia subjects show a lower capacity of the phagocytic defense mechanism. In addition, the phagocytic and bactericidal capacities of neutrophils are reduced when these cells are acting in the presence of high concentrations of ketone bodies. Lower amounts of cytokine production after bacterial infection are observed in ketotic subjects. The chemotactic capacity of blood leukocytes is impaired in leukocytes obtained from ketotic cows. Lower numbers of blood leukocytes are observed in ketotic cows. In conclusion, the impairment of the udder defense mechanism in negative energy balance cows seems related to hyperketonemia.  相似文献   

Mink breeders provoke discussion. The beginning of the end     

Noordhuizen-Stassen EN  Urlings HA  Deleu SA 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2000,125(7):225-226

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Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography findings of Dyke‐Davidoff‐Masson‐like syndrome in a cat          下载免费PDF全文

RB Song  EN Glass  M Kent  FA Castro  A de Lahunta 《Australian veterinary journal》2015,93(10):377-380

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Bacterial growth during the early phase of infection determines the severity of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis in dairy cows   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Kornalijnslijper JE  Daemen AJ  van Werven T  Niewold TA  Rutten VP  Noordhuizen-Stassen EN 《Veterinary microbiology》2004,101(3):177-186

The aim of this study was to investigate the importance of bacterial growth for the severity of experimental Escherichia coli mastitis, indirectly expressed as the area under the curve of bacterial counts in milk over time. The association of pre-infusion somatic cell count and post-infusion influx of inflammatory cells in milk with severity of infection was also examined. Bacterial growth was studied through culture in milk samples (in vitro) and through monitoring of bacterial counts in milk during the early phase of infection (in vivo) in 36 cows. Individual variation in bacterial counts was more than 2 x 10(2)-fold after 6 h of in vitro incubation, and more than 8 x 10(2)-fold 6 h after intramammary infusion. In vitro growth in milk was not associated with in vivo growth during the early phase of infection, nor with severity of E. coli mastitis. Somatic cell count before experimental E. coli mastitis was negatively associated with in vivo bacterial growth during the early phase of infection (R2 = 0.28), but was not associated with severity of E. coli mastitis (R2 = 0.06). In vivo bacterial growth during the early phase of infection (positive association; R2 = 0.41), together with influx of inflammatory cells in milk, expressed as mean hourly increase of somatic cell count between 6 and 12 h post-infusion (negative association; R2 = 0.11), are major determinants for the severity of experimental E. coli mastitis (R2 = 0.56).  相似文献