Hematological, biochemical, and behavioral responses of Oncorhynchus mykiss to dimethoate     

Dogan D  Can C 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(4):951-958

The effects of dimethoate on hematological, biochemical parameters, and behavior were investigated in Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to sublethal concentrations of 0.0735, 0.3675, and 0.7350 mg/l for 5, 15, and 30 days. Significant decrease was determined in erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, and MCH, which was pronounced after prolonged exposure indicating the appearance of microcytic hypochromic anemia. There were no prominent changes in thrombocyte and MCHC. The glucose concentration showed an ascending pattern that proved to be positively correlated with duration. The protein concentration declined in higher dimethoate concentrations following 15 and 30 days. Negative and significant correlation was detected between glucose and protein concentrations. The fish showed remarkable behavioral abnormality such as loss of balance, erratic swimming, and convulsion. Present findings revealed that dimethoate exerts its toxic action even in sublethal concentrations and hematological parameters and abnormal behavior may be sensitive indicators to evaluate pesticide intoxication.  相似文献   

Textural properties and their correlation to cell structure in porous food materials     

Sozer N  Dogan H  Kokini JL 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(5):1498-1507

This paper focuses on understanding the role of structural parameters and starch crystallization on the toughness of cake samples. Accurate mechanical measurements were performed to obtain toughness values, and these were related to structural parameters obtained from image analyses. Three-dimensional skeletons of food samples were generated by using X-ray tomography technique. The structural parameters (cell diameter, cell wall thickness, thickness to radius ratio (t/R), fragmentation index) were obtained after processing of the images with CTan software. The basic hypothesis of the paper is to show that the structural parameter t/R is a determinant for predicting toughness, which is a critical indicator of freshness. Freshness in cakes and other baked products is a leading factor in consumer perception. For this purpose three different cake formulations were stored at 37 and 50 °C. Cycling from these temperatures to lower storage temperatures of 25 and 4 °C was done to accelerate the starch retrogradation rate. Experimental results indicated that there was a strong interrelationship between morphological structure and the mechanical properties with regression coefficients of 0.68 and 0.95. Starch retrogradation, which was followed by X-ray diffractometry, was found to be directly proportional to toughness values, where the percent relative crystallinity increased with storage temperature.  相似文献   

Properties of modified ethylene terpolymer/poly(lactic acid) blends based films     

Sebnem Kemaloglu Dogan  Serap Gumus  Ayse Aytac  Guralp Ozkoc 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(9):1422-1431

In order to explore an alternative method instead of plasticization for improving the toughness, flexibility and processability of PLA based packaging films, two different kinds of modified polyethylene based elastomers, such as glycidyl methacrylate or maleic anhydride functionalized ethylene-acrylate based elastomers, were melt blended with PLA. Their properties were compared with conventional PEG plasticized PLA. The chemical interaction between end groups of PLA and epoxide or maleic anhydride functional groups of elastomers was shown by FTIR. Scanning electron microscopy showed that up to 20 % PEG loading, one phase morphology was achieved, however beyond this point, a phase separation was observed for plasticized PLA. For PLA/elastomer blends, a two-phase morphology was obtained as a result of immiscible nature of PLA and elastomers. Tensile and dynamic mechanical properties indicated that elastomer based blends were better than plasticized PLA independently from elastomer type. Differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis exhibited that the T _g value was remarkably lowered in the plasticized PLA; however, it did not change in the case of elastomers. In terms of oxygen permeability and biodegradability, plasticized PLA was found to be better than elastomer based blends.  相似文献   

Association between Granulomatous Colitis in French Bulldogs and Invasive Escherichia coli and Response to Fluoroquinolone Antimicrobials     

A.C. Manchester  S. Hill  B. Sabatino  R. Armentano  M. Carroll  B. Kessler  M. Miller  B. Dogan  S.P. McDonough  K.W. Simpson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2013,27(1):56-61

  相似文献   

Interaction of Crop Load and Irrigation on Yield,Fruit Size,Color and Stem-end Splitting Ratio of Apple c.v. ‘Gala,Galaxy’     

Fatma Yıldırım  Emel Vural  Yusuf Uçar  Adnan Nurhan Yıldırım 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2016,58(2):103-111

In this study, the interaction between crop load and irrigation level on yield, fruit size, skin color and stem-end splitting fruit ratio in the apple cultivar ‘Gala, Galaxy’ grafted on rootstock M9 were investigated. Six irrigation programs were applied during the whole growth season: deficit irrigation (rates of 0.25 kc, 0.50 kc, 0.75 kc), full irrigation (rate of 1.00 kc), excess irrigation (rate of 1.25 kc) and non-irrigation (rates of 0.00 kc of “Class A” pan evaporation coefficient). Four crop loads in each irrigation application were performed by hand thinning after the June drop as a- a low crop load (3 fruits cm^?2 TCA), b- a medium crop load (5 fruits cm^?2 TCA), c- a heavy crop load (7 fruits cm^?2 TCA), and d- an un-thinned crop load (>?7 fruits cm^?2 TCA). The total tree yield increased with crop load and irrigation levels. Fruit size was significantly increased by the low crop load. Irrigation increased the fruit size compared to non-irrigation treatment. Further 0.75 kc, 1.00 kc and 1.25 kc irrigation treatments significantly increased the fruit length. Irrigation reduced the fruit flesh firmness. While the low crop load increased the skin red color, it decreased the fruit skin brightness. The yellowness of skin decreased with increasing in the irrigation amount. Irrigation reduced the skin brightness and yellowness, but it increased red color. Crop load and irrigation significantly affected the stem-end splitting fruit ratio. While the splitting fruit ratio increased with a decrease in the crop load, it decreased with an increase in irrigation amount, relatively. Consequently, the low and medium crop load treatments would be beneficial to increase the ratio of marketable fruits without any significant losses in yield for ‘Gala’ apple, especially under 0.75 kc deficit irrigation treatment.  相似文献   

The Determination of Nematode Tolerance and Seedling Performance of The Selected Almond (Prunus amygdalus L.) Genotypes in Isparta Province     

M. Fatih Kızıltan  Adnan Nurhan Yıldırım  M. Ali Söğüt 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2016,58(4):233-239

In the present study, selected almond genotypes in Keciborlu/Isparta region by Y?ld?r?m (2007) based on late blooming and superior nut chacteristics were used to evaluate seedling growth performances and the reaction to root knot nematodes. Seeds were planted on perlite medium and stored 60 days at +4 ^°C in order to break seed dormancy. After germinating, seedlings were transferred to plastic pots to evaluate seedling growth characteristics and remaining seedlings were inoculated with Meloidogyne javanica and Meloidogyne incognita in order to asses resistance status of the selected seedlings. The highest germination percentage was obtained from Genotype 54 (96.1?%), the highest plant was observed from Genotype 9 (62.18 cm), the longest primary root was found from Genotype 54 (30.28 cm), the average secondary root lenght was highest in Genotype 9 (31.04 cm) and the widest root collar was observed in Genotype 33 (8.38 mm). Seedling stem diameter changed between 4.76 mm (Genoype 40) to 7.67 mm (Genotype 33). The lowest variation for stem widht was observed in Genotype 55 (0.58?%) while the lowest variation for seedling hight was found in Genotype 33 (0.50?%). Evaluated almond genotypes showed different reactions to studied nematode species, M. javanica and M. incognita. Resistant reactions of almond genotypes to nematode species were classified as susceptible, tolerant and resistant based on gal index values. Genotype 9 and 31 classified as tolerant to M. javanica while Genotype 54 classified as resistant to M. incognita.  相似文献   

The efficacy of dietary curcumin on growth performance,lipid peroxidation and hepatic transcription factors in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss (Walbaum) reared under different stocking densities          下载免费PDF全文

Fatih Akdemir  Cemal Orhan  Mehmet Tuzcu  Nurhan Sahin  Vijaya Juturu  Kazim Sahin 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(8):4012-4021

  相似文献   

Detection of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Xanthomonas axonopodis</Emphasis> pv. <Emphasis Type="Italic">manihotis</Emphasis>, the causal agent of cassava bacterial blight diseases in cassava (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Manihot esculenta</Emphasis>) in Ghana by polymerase chain reaction     

Muntala Abdulai  Hüseyin Basım  Esin Basım  Derya Baki  Nurhan Öztürk 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(2):471-484

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (Xam) is the causal agent of cassava bacterial blight (CBB) disease. CBB is a major constraint to cassava cultivation in Ghana. In this study, a survey was conducted in eight regions of Ghana to assess the presence of CBB disease. Out of the eight regions visited, CBB, though at different prevalence, was observed in five regions. Cassava plants samples showing suspected bacterial blight symptoms were collected for analysis by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The results of the analysis showed that Ashanti region had the highest prevalence in percentage of CBB, which recorded (70%), followed by Volta region (60%); Brong Ahafo region (40%); Eastern region (40%) and Greater Accra region (20%). Morphological examination of the putative pathogen was carried out on Cefazolin trehalose agar (CTA) and Nutrient agar (NA) media. The isolates were subjected to conventional PCR using Xanthomonas genus specific primer, RST2/RST3, Xam specific Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTRs) loci, XaG1_67F/R and X-gumD primers, which produced 840, 446 and 402 bp, respectively. The isolates also tested positive with SYBR Green fluorescent dye, using Real-time PCR. The resulting PCR products were sequenced and analyzed using a BLASTn program, which revealed homology between 93 and 100% with several other Xam strains retrieved from GenBank nucleotide database. The pathogenicity test of the isolates on the susceptible Esam cassava variety produced symptoms typical of Xam and the pathogen was consistently re-isolated from the inoculated cassava plants and thereby satisfying the Koch’s postulates.  相似文献   

Genotype and Environment Affect Phytosterol Content and Composition of Wheat     

Yongfen Chen  Nurhan T. Dunford  Jeff Edwards  Brett Carver  Carla Goad 《Cereal Chemistry》2009,86(1):96-99

Phytosterols (PS) lower low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels by as much as 10–14% in normal and hypercholesteromic people. High LDL levels in the blood are associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. Wheat germ and bran contain significant amounts of PS. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of genotype and environment on PS content and composition in whole wheat grain. Protein and ash contents and mineral composition of the samples were also determined. Grain samples were collected from three cultivars, Jagger, Trego, and Intrada, grown at three locations, Alva, Balko, and Goodwell, OK in 2005. Irrigated and dryland samples were obtained from Goodwell. Total PS content and composition in the grain samples were determined using a gas chromatography system. Whole wheat grain samples varied in PS content from 202 mg/kg to 355 mg/kg. β‐Sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol were the major PS compounds found in all the samples. PS exhibited a significant location‐by‐cultivar random effect (P < 0.048), indicating the presence of genotype‐by‐location interaction. Within each location, a significant cultivar effect was also observed. Protein and ash contents and mineral composition of the samples, except those collected from Goodwell‐dryland, were within the range published in the literature for other wheat cultivars. A fundamental understanding of compositional variation in wheat grain requires multi‐environment testing of genotypes, perhaps over several years. This study is a first step for achieving this goal.  相似文献   

Remission of Histiocytic Ulcerative Colitis in Boxer Dogs Correlates with Eradication of Invasive Intramucosal Escherichia coli     

C.S. Mansfield  F.E. James  M. Craven  D.R. Davies  A.J. O'Hara  P.K. Nicholls  B. Dogan  S.P. MacDonough  K.W. Simpson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(5):964-969

Background: Historically, histiocytic ulcerative (HUC) (or granulomatous) colitis of Boxer dogs was considered an idiopathic immune-mediated disease with a poor prognosis. Recent reports of dramatic responses to enrofloxacin and the discovery of invasive Escherichia coli within the colonic mucosa of affected Boxer dogs support an infectious etiology.
Hypothesis: Invasive E. coli is associated with colonic inflammation in Boxer dogs with HUC, and eradication of intramucosal E. coli correlates with clinical and histologic remission.
Animals: Seven Boxer dogs with HUC.
Methods: Prospective case series. Colonic biopsies were obtained at initial evaluation in 7 dogs, and in 5 dogs after treatment with enrofloxacin. Biopsies were evaluated by standardized histopathology, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes to eubacteria and E. coli .
Results: Intramucosal E. coli was present in colonic biopsies of 7/7 Boxers with HUC. Clinical response was noted in all dogs within 2 weeks of enrofloxacin (7±3.06 mg/kg q24 h, for 9.5±3.98 weeks) and was sustained in 6 dogs (median disease-free interval to date of 47 months, range 17–62). FISH was negative for E. coli in 4/5 dogs after enrofloxacin. E. coli resistant to enrofloxacin were present in the FISH-positive dog that relapsed.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: The correlation between clinical remission and the eradication of mucosally invasive E. coli during treatment with enrofloxacin supports the causal involvement of E. coli in the development of HUC in susceptible Boxer dogs. A poor response to enrofloxacin treatment might be due to colonization with enrofloxacin-resistant E. coli .  相似文献