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Oloyede-Kamiyo Qudrah Olaitan Olaniyan Amudalat Bolanle Abdul-Waheed Jafar Ayinde Akinseye Benson Akinloye 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(5):513-520
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - Low soil nitrogen (N) is one of the major abiotic stresses reducing maize yield in Africa. Twenty-five maize varieties which included quality protein... 相似文献
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Sam Oyewole Ajala Amudalat Bolanle Olaniyan Muyideen Oluseyi Olayiwola Anthony Oluwatoyosi Job 《Plant Breeding》2018,137(2):118-126
Low soil nitrogen limits maize (Zea mays L.) production in the West and Central African subregion. Levels of residual genetic variability were determined in two low‐N populations using selfed progeny evaluations, and results obtained indicate large genotypic and phenotypic variances for grain yield under both low‐ and high‐N environments for effective selection, while heritability estimates were generally low. Ear aspect and stay green were the most important traits contributing to grain yield for both populations. Selection reduced days to flowering, ASI and ear aspect, but increased plant height and yield. Yield gains of more than 25% occurred for the two populations under both low and high N with the most significant change of 42% occurring in one population under high N. 相似文献
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Tropical Animal Health and Production - Systematic assessment and documentation of extensive livestock production systems are necessary to design or review breeding programs, extension services,... 相似文献
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Compression tests were carried out on pre-treated shea nuts to study the effects of moisture content, temperature and loading position on rupture force, deformation, toughness and firmness at the point of failure. All factors were examined and most of their interactions had significant effects on the measured para-meters at 0·05 level of significance. Rupture force and firmness decreased while deformation and toughness increased with increases in moisture content in both horizontal and vertical loading positions. The results provide useful data to be used by engineers in the design of suitable shea nut cracker. 相似文献
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Sam O. Ajala Muyideen O. Olayiwola Anthony O. Job Amudalat B. Olaniyan Melaku Gedil 《Plant Breeding》2020,139(6):1113-1124
Breeding efforts in West and Central Africa (WCA) have focused on the development of Low-N-tolerant (LNT) maize inbreds and their classification into heterotic groups. This study was conducted to classify LNT maize lines into heterotic groups using testcross performance, morphological and SNP markers and to compare the consistency of groupings by the three methods. Thirty-six LNT inbreds were crossed to two contrasting inbred testers to generate 72 testcrosses that were evaluated under low-N conditions in Nigeria in 2014. Also, the 36 inbreds and the two testers were evaluated for per se performance under similar conditions as the testcrosses in 2014 and genotyped in 2015 using 1,123,196 SNP markers. Based on testcross performance, 33 of the 36 LNT inbreds were grouped by the two testers. Morphological characterization from per se performance and genetic relationship by SNP markers classified the inbreds into four groups that were inconsistent with their pedigree. Correlation analysis showed non-concurrence of the three grouping methods. However, information from these groupings would assist in reducing the number of crosses to be made and evaluated. 相似文献
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An anaerobic digestion unit for producing biogas from cow dung in the rural communities was designed, fabricated and tested for performance, durability and throughput. The major components of the digester included the substrate holding tank, tank cover, agitator, debris collector, inlet and outlet pipes, gas reception tank, hose and heat source. The digester is a vertical cylindrical tank with an inlet pipe for the introduction of substrate and an outlet pipe to collect the digested substrate. An agitator is incorporated inside the digester to break scum on the substrate and create uniform temperature profile in the digester while a pressure gauge was fitted to the gas outlet valve to measure the gas pressure in the tank. The agitator shaft is extended outside to be driven by an electric motor through belt and pulley system. The criteria considered in the design of the digester included air tightness of the system, mesophilic and thermophilic temperature, nature and type of substrate used, substrate retention period, number of crank turns per minute and volumetric capacity of the digestion tank. Other considerations included the desire to make the digestion tank and gas reception tank of galvanized steel to ensure good quality of the product and the need for a strong structural support to ensure structural stability of the system. After construction and assembly, the biogas digestion unit was tested with 40 kg of cow dung diluted with 80 kg of water and subjected to a retention period to make a substrate （slurry） of 10 % total solid （TS）. Daily gas yield was determined; gas pressure in the tank was measured by the pressure gauge, while the ambient temperature was taken at five hours interval. Results showed that a cumulative gas yield of 0.415 litres after 22 d retention period at average substrate temperature and pH of 29 ℃ and 6.2, respectively. The digester has a substrate holding capacity of 330.8 litres and a production cost of $375 with all the construction materials being available locally. 相似文献
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Lateef. A. Hammed S. M. Adebayo J. G. Bodunde A. O. Olaiya A. B. Olaniyan O. M. Olosunde 《International Journal of Fruit Science》2019,19(2):179-190
Limitations against propagation of Cola nitida include pronounced dormancy of between 1 and 8 months after sowing (MAS) leading to uneven germination and seedling growth. This experiment was conducted in a screenhouse, Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, Nigeria, to evaluate the effects of mini-nut and nut-color on germination and seedling growth of C. nitida nuts. The experiment was in a completely randomized design replicated 3 times. Treatments comprised two factors: nut/seed-colored biotype (white, pink, and red) and mini-nut (embryonic portion of cotyledon) [excised embryonic portion cotyledon (EEPC), 25% embryonic portion cotyledon (EPC), 50% EPC, 75% EPC, and 100% EPC (whole nut/seed)], giving 15 treatment combinations sown in plastic cups of 50 cl filled with sawdust. Germination percentage and morphological growth of plantlets (plant height (cm), number of leaves, dry matter yield (g/plant)) were monitored; data subjected to analysis of variance and mean comparisons done (p ≤ 0.05). As early as 4 WAS, the EEPC and 25% EPC had 67.78% and 54.44% germination, respectively. Within the same period, 51.33%, 48.00%, and 31.33%, respectively, of white-, pink-, and red-colored seeds germinated. At 6 WAS, the white-, pink-, and red-colored seeds had mean germination of 80.67%, 92.00%, and 72.67%, respectively. At 12 WAS, germination was observed to complete with the pink-, red-, and white-colored nuts having 97.33%, 92.61%, and 91.33%, respectively. Within the same period, the mini-nut sizes had between 92.22% and 95.56% germination. Combining the two factors, 50% EPC, 25% EPC, and EEPC of white-nut biotype germinated earliest with 50.00–76.67% at 4 WAS and 73.33–80.00% at 5 WAS. The EEPC of pink-colored biotype attained 100% at 6 WAS, while other treatments were between 56.67% and 93.33%. Thus, while earliness in germination pattern follows the order: EEPC > 25% EPC > 50% EPC > 75% EPC > whole nut, the plantlet morphological growth followed a reverse order. With mini-nut technique therefore, timely and even germination of kola nuts were obtained and 50%EPC would be recommended for conventional propagation while EEPC would require nutrient amendment for improved growth. 相似文献
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