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瑞典北欧等五国议会,已决定联合禁止在饲料中添加抗生素一类的添加剂。因为,饲料中长期添加抗生素之后,不但会导致畜禽罹病的那些细菌顽强地抗药,甚至会导致人类罹病的某些细菌也由于长期与饲料中的药物作用而产生抗药性。届时,后果将不堪设想。寻找一种抗生素的代替品,来防治畜禽的某些疾病,是很具现实意义的。广东的  相似文献   
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Detection of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Infection in Pigs   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8  
It is difficult to control the spread of porcine haemophilus pleuropneumonia caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae because there is no sensitive and specific way to accurately determine whether or not a pig herd is infected. This paper reports bacteriological and serological techniques used to detect A. pleuropneumoniae infection in pigs from a herd with endemic disease.

The bacteria were isolated from the anterior nasal mucosa of grower pigs, but not from younger or older pigs. Bacteriological culture of several tissues from the respiratory tract showed that nine of ten young finishing pigs were infected, but culture of lung tissue from slaughtered hogs detected infection in only 39 of 288 (13.5%). Both cooler storage temperature and use of selective medium prolonged the time that lung tissue could be stored and the organism still recovered. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected serotype-specific antibodies in serum of infected pigs.

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Numerous examples of metallic alloys have been discovered, the atomic structures of which display an icosahedral symmetry that is impossible for ordinary periodic crystals. Recent experimental results support the hypothesis that the alloys are examples of a new "quasicrystal" phase of solid matter. Observed deviations from an ideal quasicrystal structure can be explained as "phason strains," a special class of defects predicted to be the dominant type of imperfection formed during solidification.  相似文献   
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Dyserythropoiesis characterized by enhanced intramedullary destruction, pathologic sideroblasts and siderocytes, and hemoglobin crystallization was detected in a female Cocker Spaniel presented for poor exercise tolerance. Examination of peripheral blood revealed intraerythrocytic crystals, granulation of erythrocytes, nucleated erythroid cells, reticulocytosis and marked variation in erythrocyte morphology in the absence of anemia. Bone marrow examination revealed sideroblasts, a low M:E ratio and evidence of enhanced intramedullary destruction of erythroid cells. Electron microscopy of peripheral blood and bone marrow confirmed pathologic mitochondrial iron accumulation in erythroid cells and the presence of intraerythrocytic hemoglobin crystals. A cause for the hematologic changes was not identified. After the animal became clinically normal, siderocytes disappeared from peripheral blood but intraerythrocytic crystals and reticulocytosis persisted.  相似文献   
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A retrospective morbidity and mortality study was carried out on 125 case records of cattle involving xylazine/halothane anesthesia at the Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph between May 1979 and February 1983.  相似文献   
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An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure was evaluated against the serum neutralisation test (SNT) for the detection of antibodies to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (bovine herpesvirus type l), using 2028 sera from 166 dairy and 172 beef cattle herds. The results showed the ELISA to give high levels of agreement with the SNT in classifying positive and negative sera (98% and 97% respectively). Such disagreements as did occur involved weakly reactive sera with SNT titres of % or less. A number of sera (n=123) with trace neutralising activity of doubtful diagnostic significance were found to give marginal reactivity with ELISA. ELISA absorbance values were found to be highly correlated with SNT titres (r=0.909) on an overall basis, though agreements were lower with individual sera. The ELISA procedure was quicker, cheaper, and detected more reactors than the SNT. It also allowed results to be obtained with a number of sera which were unsuitable for testing by SNT because of their cytotoxic nature. Analysis of ELISA results showed reactors to be present in 57% of tested sera, representing 81% of cattle herds. Reactor rates for sera and herds in the South Island, (37% and 58%), were significantly lower than for those in the North Island (64% and 88%). Antibody prevalence was also found to be significantly lower in districts having a low annual rainfall (<850 mm), and to be lower in beef cattle than in dairy cattle. A surprising exception to the latter occurred in low rainfall districts, where dairy cattle showed significantly lower reactor rates than local beef animals.  相似文献   
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