TRANSORBITAL ECHOENCEPHALOGRAPHY IN CATTLE     

Takeshi  Tsuka  DVM  Shingo  Okamura  DVM  Munekazu  Nakaichi  DVM  PND  Satoshi  Une  DVM  PHD  Yasuho  Taura  DVM  PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2002,43(1):55-61

The purpose of this study was establishment of the criteria of transorbital echoencephalography in cattle and experimental applications to bovine practice. Quantitative investigations using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed that this examination could be applied to cattle under 3 months of age. The method of transducer positioning was established in Japanese Black (J.B.) and filial (F1) cattle (turning caudally at an angle of about 16 degrees and dorsally at an angle of about 23 degrees) or in Holstein cattle (turning caudally at an angle of about 20 degrees and dorsally at an angle of about 21 degrees). Examinations in clinical calves revealed that the cerebral parenchyma and the lateral ventricle could be detected antemortem or postmortem. In this study, the diagnoses of hydrocephalus or hydranencephaly was possible using antemortem transorbital echoencephalography. Transorbital echoencephalography was especially useful as the imaging method for bovine hydranencephaly.  相似文献   

ULTRASONOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS OF CANINE HYDROCEPHALUS     

Judith A.  Hudson  DVM  Stephen T.  Simpson  DVM  MS  Donald F.  Buxton  DVM  PHD  Robert E.  Cartee  DVM  MS  Janet E.  Steiss  DVM  PND 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1990,31(2):50-58

The brains of 23 canine patients and six random-source dogs were examined ultrasonographically through the bregmatic fontanelle or a surgical craniotomy. Fifteen dogs had abnormal neurologic signs; the others were normal on neurologic examination. Untrasound results were compared with signalment, clinical signs, electroencephalography, computed tomography, radiology and histopathology. The purposes of the study were to demonstrate the use of ultrasound for the diagnosis of canine hydrocephalus and to determine whether there is a relationship between ventricular size and clinical signs. Lateral ventricles were considered enlarged if lateral ventricular height, ventricle-mantle ratio, or ventricle-hemisphere ratio, at the level of or caudal to the interthalamic adhesion in the transverse plane, exceeded 0.35 cm, 0.25 or 0.19, respectively. Of the 29 dogs examined, 14 had enlarged lateral ventricles and abnormal neurologic signs. Five dogs had enlarged lateral ventricles but appeared neurologically normal (occult hydrocephalus). Correlation was poor between ventricular size and clinical signs.  相似文献