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1.
Crowell-Davis SL Seibert LM Sung W Parthasarathy V Curtis TM 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2003,222(6):744-748
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate use of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification for treatment of storm phobia in dogs. DESIGN: Prospective open clinical trial. ANIMALS: 40 dogs with storm phobia. PROCEDURE: Dogs received clomipramine at a dosage of 2 mg/kg (0.9 mg/lb), PO, every 12 hours for 3 months; then 1 mg/kg (0.45 mg/lb), PO, every 12 hours for 2 weeks; then 0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb), PO, every 12 hours for 2 weeks. Alprazolam was given at a dosage of 0.02 mg/kg (0.009 mg/lb), PO, as needed 1 hour before anticipated storms and every 4 hours as needed. Desensitization and counter-conditioning were conducted at home by the caregiver with an audio simulation of storm sounds that had induced a fear response during evaluation. RESULTS: 30 of the 32 dogs that completed the study had a degree of improvement, as measured by caregivers' global assessment. Two caregivers considered the storm phobia to be resolved. Panting, pacing, trembling, remaining near the caregiver, hiding, excessive salivation, destructiveness, excessive vocalization, self-trauma, and inappropriate elimination all decreased significantly during treatment. Improvement was greater during true storms (rain, thunder, and lightning) than during rain only. Response to audio simulation did not change during treatment. Four months after the study, improvement was maintained. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The combination of clomipramine, alprazolam, and behavior modification can be effective in decreasing or eliminating storm phobia. Improvement could not be evaluated by use of audio simulation of a storm. 相似文献
2.
Most materials freeze when cooled to sufficiently low temperature. We find that magnetic dipoles randomly distributed in a solid matrix condense into a spin liquid with spectral properties on cooling that are the diametric opposite of those for conventional glasses. Measurements of the nonlinear magnetic dynamics in the low-temperature liquid reveal the presence of coherent spin oscillations composed of hundreds of spins with lifetimes of up to 10 seconds. These excitations can be labeled by frequency and manipulated by the magnetic fields from a loop of wire and can permit the encoding of information at multiple frequencies simultaneously. 相似文献
3.
Conformational variability of NAD+ in the free and bound states: a nicotinamide sandwich in NAD+ crystals 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
X-ray analysis of the free-acid crystal form of the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) revealed a conformational difference between the free NAD+ molecule and one bound in enzymes or complexed to Li+ ions. The pyrophosphate group showed asymmetry in the phosphate-oxygen bonds of the phosphate-oxygen-phosphate link; this bond at the nicotinamide side of the link is longer than that at the adenosine side by 0.04 angstrom. The crystal structure showed a novel intermolecular stacking of adenine and water molecules on opposite sides of nicotinamide that gives rise to a nicotinamide sandwich. 相似文献
4.
Immune responses to gastrointestinal helminth infections have received increasing attention due to similarities to allergen-induced responses. In fact, the whipworm parasite of swine, Trichuris suis, has been used in beginning clinical trials as an antidote to inflammatory bowel disease. This strategy was based on this similarity and the recognition that other worms have been documented to induce anti-inflammatory responses in the host. In an effort to understand the basis for this response, we hypothesized that the proteins and peptides secreted by T. suis stimulate local intestinal epithelial cells to produce anti-inflammatory cytokines. To test this hypothesis in a correlate system of the natural swine host, T. suis excretory secretory products (ESP) were used to treat both differentiated and undifferentiated intestinal pig epithelial cells (IPEC-1) in vitro as a model for the effect on villus tip and crypt epithelial cells in the vicinity of the worms. IPEC-1 were exposed to low-level doses (0.3mg/ml) of T. suis ESP, and IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 cytokine responses were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). IL-6 was the predominant cytokine produced, accompanied by moderate IL-10 secretion from both differentiated and undifferentiated cells. As expected, IL-4 was not produced by IPEC-1. Additionally, IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines were produced within 24h, suggesting that these two cytokines form part of the primary host response to T. suis infections. These data suggest that T. suis ESP could enhance host immune responses and modulation through the induction of enteric IL-6 and IL-10. 相似文献
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6.
In 2013, we re-inventoried all lianas(C1 cm diameter measured at 1.3 m from the rooting point) in four1-ha permanent plots distributed one each in four sites of inland tropical dry evergreen forest on the Coromandel Coast(Pudukottai district) of peninsular India, established in 2003. Among the four sites, Shanmuganathapuram(SP)and Araiyapatti(AP) were much disturbed and the other two sites(Karisakkadu—KR and Maramadakki—MM)were moderately disturbed. We inventoried a total of 3425 lianas representing 37 species of 33 genera and 22 families.Over a decade(2003–2013) liana species richness increased at two sites(MM and SP) and no changes occurred at the other two sites. Liana abundance increased by 210, 211, 164 and 162 individuals at sites AP, KR, MM and SP, respectively, and basal area increased(from 1.09 to1.76 m2 at AP, 0.67 to 0.86 m2 at KR, 1.68 to 2.06 m2 at MM, and from 0.44 to 1.06 m2 at SP). Over a 10-year period, three species(Abrus precatorius, Canavalia virosa,and Cocculus hirsutus) were lost and five species(Gloriosa superba, Ampelocissus tomentosa, Capparis sepiaria,Aganosma cymosa and Tiliacora acuminata) were newly added. Total aboveground biomass increased by 18.5, 0.74,3.6 and 9.5 Mg ha-1, respectively, at sites AP, KR, MM and SP. 相似文献
7.
Parthasarathy Sugumar Gudavalli Sudha Rani Dasarath Keshavrao Maske Lakshmi Narasu Mangamoori 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(2):262-268
In the present study, we report for the first time the efficacy of recombinant Bm95 mid gut antigen isolated from an Argentinean strain of Rhipicephalus microplus strain A in controlling the tick infestations in India. The synthetic gene for Bm95 optimized for expression in yeast was obtained and used to generate yeast transformants expressing Bm95 which was purified to apparent homogeneity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the purified protein confirmed its identity as Bm95. Vaccine was prepared by blending various concentrations of purified Bm95 with aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant. Immunogenicity studies of the vaccine in rabbits and cattle indicated that the vaccine was highly immunogenic. The efficacy studies of the vaccine was done in cattle. Naïve Bos indicus cattle were vaccinated with the recombinant vaccine and were challenged with the larval, nymphal and adult forms of Rhiphicephalus haemaphysaloides. The vaccine protected the animals from larval, nymph and adult tick challenges with an efficacy of 98.7%, 84.6% and 78.9% respectively. The results obtained from the above studies clearly demonstrated the advantage and possibilities of the use of Bm95 in controlling R. haemaphysaloides infestations in the field. 相似文献
8.
Ultrastructural observations of the phloem of coconut palms affected by "hartrot" disease in Suriname have revealed the presence of the plant-infecting flagellate Phytomonas in mature sieve tubes. The occurrence of these flagellates during the earliest symptoms of the disease and the correlated increase and spread of the flagellates in the phloem as the disease progresses suggest that the organisms may be pathogenic to the palms. 相似文献
9.
Parthasarathy R 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1968,161(3837):179-180
X-ray crystallographic investigations of potassium hydrogen malonate crystals reveal a very unusual structure in which malonic acid molecules and doubly ionized malonate ions exist in equal numbers. These two species a nected by strong hydrogen bonds in one direction and by potassium ions in the other directions. This seems to be the first observation of the simultaneous ence in a crystal of the two species dicarboxylic acid molecules and their charged ions. 相似文献
10.
Lelin Chinnadurai Thirumalaikumar Eswaramoorthy Uma Ganapathi Babu Mariavincent Michael Ajan Chellappan Vimal Sugumar Citarasu Thavasimuthu 《Aquaculture International》2022,30(4):2081-2094
Bacteriophage isolated from the semi-intensive culture of Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei infects the luminous bacteria Vibrio harveyi. Lytic activity and lytic spectrum results revealed that the isolated phage had strong lytic activity in V. harveyi, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus. Biofilm inhibition activity was performed against different pathogenic vibrios on high-density polyethylene (HDPE) template and the result revealed that the phage effectively inhibited the biofilm formation in V. harveyi. Spectrophotometric assay performed for lytic activity of the isolated phage in V. harveyi liquid culture showed that the phage significantly decreased the V. harveyi cell densities at different time intervals (P?<?0.05). To study the stability of phage at different temperature and pH revealed that the phage withstands the temperature ranged between 40 and 70 °C and the pH of 4 and 9 at a significant level (P?<?0.001). One-step growth curve depicted that the burst size gradually increased to a significant level and reached the maximum of 90% at 180 min (P?<?0.05). This study concluded that the isolated phage had specific activity against pathogenic V. harveyi infections.
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