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Influence of Cu, Cd and atrazine on the metabolism of the unicellular green alga Scenedesmus subspicatus The effect of Cu, Cd and atrazine on biomass and cell number was studied in 24h old cell cultures of untreated Scenedesmus subspicatus. Furthermore, the effect of some enzymes of the N-metabolism, on peroxidase and protein content was investigated in long term experiments in which the Scenedesmus strains were adapted to high concentrations of Cu, Cd and atrazine.
- In the 24h experiments, atrazine was more toxic than copper according to biomass production and cell number.
- The determination of the enzyme activities from the adapted strains showed positive and negative effects on enzymes of the N-metabolism. Under high copper concentrations, nitrate reductase activity in the copper strain was reduced and nitrite reductase significantly increased. The effects on the activity of the other enzymes of the copper strain were not significant. The protein content, however, was significantly decreased. Cd and atrazine had no significant effects on the activities of nitrate and nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase or on protein content. Only the glutamate dehydrogenase showed a significant increase in activity under high concentrations of atrazine.
- All substances tested increased the activity of peroxidase, but only the effect of Cd was significant.
- All adapted strains secreted nitrite into the culture medium. The secretion was significantly increased under the influence of copper.
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Harvey RJ Depner UB Wässle H Ahmadi S Heindl C Reinold H Smart TG Harvey K Schütz B Abo-Salem OM Zimmer A Poisbeau P Welzl H Wolfer DP Betz H Zeilhofer HU Müller U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,304(5672):884-887
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a crucial mediator of inflammatory pain sensitization. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of a specific glycine receptor subtype (GlyR alpha3) by PGE2-induced receptor phosphorylation underlies central inflammatory pain sensitization. We show that GlyR alpha3 is distinctly expressed in superficial layers of the spinal cord dorsal horn. Mice deficient in GlyR alpha3 not only lack the inhibition of glycinergic neurotransmission by PGE2 seen in wild-type mice but also show a reduction in pain sensitization induced by spinal PGE2 injection or peripheral inflammation. Thus, GlyR alpha3 may provide a previously unrecognized molecular target in pain therapy. 相似文献
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Larkin A. Powell Uapindikirairje Kazahe Reinold Kharuxab 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2017,22(3):217-230
An individual’s decision to support conservation efforts can be affected by personal attitudes. We interviewed 100 indigenous livestock farmers on Ehirovipuka and ≠Khoadi //Hôas communal conservancies in Namibia. As conservancy support groups work with farmers, there is a need to understand what influences farmer decisions to engage in ecotourism activities for livelihood. We evaluated cognitive characteristics of farmers and their attitudes toward 10 species of wildlife. Farmers had negative attitudes toward predators, more positive attitudes toward meat-producing species and a hornbill (Tockus sp.), and moderate attitudes toward African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and black rhino (Diceros bicornis), which can cause damage but also attract tourists. We show support for a partial mediation model in which cognitive characteristics of farmers predicted attitudes toward predators and damage animals. The attitudes toward these species, in turn, predicted participation in the ecotourism industry. 相似文献
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