COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY-GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS BIOPSY: CRITERIA FOR ACCURATE NEEDLE TIP IDENTIFICATION     

Amy S.  Tidwell  DVM  Karen L.  Johnson  BS  CNMT 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1994,35(6):440-444

Precise localization of the needle tip during CT-guided percutaneous biopsy is considered to be a key element of a successful procedure. To ensure accuracy, the true needle tip must be differentiated from a false or simulated tip which appears when the CT slice encompasses only the shaft of an angled needle. By obtaining images of an aspiration biopsy needle inserted vertically into a phantom and then incrementally tilting the gantry, the authors were able to compare the characteristic features of the true tip to the simulated tip. The true tip was abrupt and distinct and had an adjacent flame-like low density artifact. The simulated tip was indistinct and tapered, yet still produced the adjacent artifact. We concluded that the shape and distinctness of the end portion of the needle itself, rather than the attendant artifact, were the most reliable criteria for accurate needle tip identification.  相似文献   

Transesophageal monitoring of aortic blood flow during nonemergent canine surgeries     

Piper L. Wall  DVM  PhD  DACVECC  ; Maisha M. Rudison  BS  ; Tatjana Lazic  DVM  Dean H. Reidesel  DVM  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2002,12(1):1-8

Objective: To establish baseline values for descending thoracic aortic blood flow parameters as determined with a transesophageal combined M‐mode and pulsed Doppler ultrasound‐based monitoring method. Design: Preliminary observational study. Setting: University small animal teaching hospital. Animals: The study population consisted of anesthetized canine patients undergoing nonemergent surgeries. Prospectively set criteria for inclusion were adequate body size for placement of the esophageal probe and a nonemergent reason for surgery. The criterion for exclusion was recent trauma. Interventions: Placement of the transesophageal probe. Measurements and main results: Data was collected during 15 surgeries. Data from three dogs was excluded from data analysis (two recently hit by motor vehicles, one recently having undergone a total hip replacement). Each parameter was stable across time within each individual dog. The ranges of the descending thoracic aortic parameters across the 12 nonemergent cases were as follows: blood flow, 0.038–0.085 L min^?1 kg^?1; blood flow per beat, 0.31–0.84 mL kg^?1; blood acceleration, 6–29 m s^2?1; blood peak velocity, 38–105 m s^?1; left ventricular ejection time interval 331–492 ms; and diameter, 0.30–0.93 mm kg^?1. Conclusions: The range of descending thoracic aortic blood flow parameters encountered in this small group of dogs during nonemergent surgeries was broad; however, each parameter was quite stable across time with little change occurring in any dog during monitoring.  相似文献   

Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and Force-Plate Analysis of Gait in Dogs With Healed Femora After Leg-Lengthening Plate Fixation     

PETER MUIR BVSc  MVetClinStud  PhD  MACVSC  MRCVS    MARK D. MARKEL DVM  PhD  Diplomate ACVS    JOHN J. BOGDANSKE BS  KENNETH A. JOHNSON MVSC  PHD  FACVSc  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1995,24(1):15-24

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density of four regions in healed femora of nine dogs after fracture fixation with a leg-lengthening plate. Six to 85 months (mean, 46 months) after surgery, the bone mineral density of healed femora was not significantly different from the contralateral uninjured femora ( P >.05; power = 0.8 at Δ= 15%). Radio-lucencies around the proximal screws, apparently associated with screw loosening, were seen on radiographic views of the healed femora of three dogs. In one of these dogs, one screw in the proximal metaphysis had broken. Force-plate analysis of gait was also performed on dogs at the time of bone mineral density measurement. Peak vertical force was decreased in the pelvic limb with the healed fracture compared with the contralateral unoperated limb ( P < 0.05). Clinically apparent lameness in three dogs did not appear to be associated with altered bone mineral density and may have been caused by hip osteoarthritis, a nondisplaced hairline diaphyseal fracture, and screw loosening in conjunction with extensive post-traumatic soft tissue injury.  相似文献   

Use of ⁶⁴Copper Measurements to Diagnose Canine Copper Toxicosis     

George J. Brewer MD    William Schall DVM    Robert Dick BS    Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan PhD    Michael Thomas DVM  George Padgett DVM 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1992,6(1):41-43

Inherited canine copper toxicosis is a serious problem in Bedlington terriers and West Highland White terriers, and may also be a problem in other less-studied breeds. Affected dogs become ill at midlife with progressive and ultimately fatal liver disease. Treatments for removal of copper and prevention of copper accumulation are available, but are most effective if begun before the dog becomes ill. Until recently diagnosis has not been available until the dog is 1 year of age, and then only by an invasive liver biopsy with determination of liver copper concentration. The authors studied the use of 64copper for early diagnosis of canine copper toxicosis. Two procedures were evaluated. The first involved measuring the concentration of 64copper in blood 24 hours after oral administration of the radioisotope. At this time, 64copper was associated primarily with ceruloplasmin secreted into the blood by the liver. This procedure is useful in the diagnosis of the human counterpart, Wilson's disease. However, the authors found it to be nondiscriminatory between affected and unaffected dogs. In contrast, the second procedure, which involved measuring 64copper excreted in stool during 48 hours after an intravenous dose of radioisotope, yielded results that differentiated most affected and unaffected dogs.  相似文献   

Insulin and glucose regulation.     

Sarah L Ralston 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2002,18(2):295-304, vii

Abnormally high or low blood glucose and insulin concentrations after standardized glucose tolerance tests can reflect disorders such as pituitary dysfunction, polysaccharide storage myopathies, and other clinical disorders. Glucose and insulin responses, however, are modified by the diet to which the animal has adapted, time since it was last fed, and what it was fed. Body fat (obesity), fitness level, physiologic status, and stress also alter glucose and insulin metabolism. Therefore, it is important to consider these factors when evaluating glucose and insulin tests, especially if only one sample it taken. This article describes the factors affecting glucose and insulin metabolism in horses and how they might influence the interpretation of standardized tests of glucose tolerance.  相似文献   

Editorial     

Ronald J Roberts  Rodney Wootten 《Journal of fish diseases》2005,28(7):381-381

  相似文献   

蛋白质营养的未来是肽营养     

Sarah Mellor  梁正维 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2001,(1):18-19

优化蛋白质营养不再仅仅是对日粮进行大致的氨基酸平衡。蛋白质的形式对猪的健康和生长会产生长远的影响。　　蛋白质摄入量是生长猪营养中的一个基本要素。要提高瘦肉生长率,就需要平衡良好的氨基酸以供蛋白质合成之用,这些氨基酸需要以一定的形式通过日粮来提供。现在能够对饲料进行精确的分析,并且有来源可靠的合成氨基酸,已经为猪的蛋白质营养提供了坚实的基础。然而,有时候这会导致过量氮的排泄,因为并非提供的所有的蛋白质都会被猪吸收。过量氮的排出,不但会造成浪费,而且还会对环境造成污染。近年来,新的证据表明,单独提供氨基酸可能…  相似文献   

Ocular manifestations of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in dogs     

M G Davidson  E B Breitschwerdt  M P Nasisse  S M Roberts 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1989,194(6):777-781

Dogs were examined ophthalmoscopically to determine the prevalence and type of ocular lesions associated with naturally acquired Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF). In a consecutive series of 11 dogs with serologically confirmed RMSF, 9 had ocular involvement reflecting various degrees of vascular damage, including subconjunctival hemorrhage, hyphema, anterior uveitis, iris stromal hemorrhage, retinal petechiae, and focal areas of retinal edema and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrate. The ophthalmic lesions generally were mild, and most resolved without complication after systemic administration of appropriate antibiotics. The high prevalence of ocular lesions in these dogs suggested that critical ophthalmologic evaluation is a useful diagnostic tool for the early detection and management of RMSF in dogs.  相似文献   

Characteristics of Salmonella isolated from an outbreak of equine salmonellosis in a veterinary teaching hospital     

M.L. Castor BS  R.E. Wooley DVM  PhD  E.B. Shotts PhD  J. Brown DVM PhD  J.B. Payeur DVM  PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》1989,9(5)

During an outbreak of equine salmonellosis in a veterinary teaching hospital 20 Salmonella isolates were cultured from sick horses (13 isolates) or from the hospital environment (7 isolates). Three serotypes were isolated from the environment including: S. give, S. newportand S. agona. The serotypes isolated from horses included: S. give, S. newport and S. anatum. Examination of antibiotic profiles, presence of plasmids, production of bacteriocins and hemagglutination of erythrocytes implied a common origin for the equine and environmental isolates.  相似文献   

Accuracy of the thermodilution method in estimating high flow - an in vitro study     

K.A. Jarvis Ph.D    M.J. Woliner BS  E.P. Steffey VMD  PhD 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》1992,19(1):41-45

The accuracy of thermodilution for measuring flow rates of 10–40 L/min was evaluated using a commercially available thermodilution cardiac output computer in an in vitro model. Water (36.5–37.5°C) was directed through a mixing chamber via a constant flow pump. Thermodilution estimates of flow using four different volumes (10, 20, 30, 40 ml) of iced water injectate were compared to simultaneous measurements of timed samples of effluent from the mixing chamber. Injectate volume had a significant impact on the accuracy of thermodilution estimation (p < 0.05). Thermodilution overestimated measured flow when 10 and 20 ml of injectate were used to determine flow rates < 20 L/min but underestimated flow when injectate volumes of 30 and 40 ml were used, or when measured flow was > 25 L/min. The discrepancy between thermodilution flow and measured flow increased as rate of fluid flow increased.  相似文献