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1.
Scacchia M Sacchini F Filipponi G Luciani M Lelli R Tjipura-Zaire G Di Provvido A Shiningwane A Ndiipanda F Pini A Caporale V Hübschle OJ 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》2007,74(3):251-263
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides var. mycoides small colony (MmmSC), is one of the most important diseases of cattle in Africa. The role of innate or acquired cell mediated and humoral immunity in conferring protection against MmmSC infection has not yet been elucidated. On the other hand, the pathological lesions caused by the aetiological agent have been considered indicative of an immunopathological process. In this study ten na?ve cattle were exposed to in-contact infection with animals infected by intubation with a strain of MmmSC. Clinical signs, antibody response, IFNgamma release and pathological changes at necropsy were analysed and compared with the events following in-contact infection of an equal number of animals kept under daily treatment with cyclosporine for the entire observation period of 84 days. Cyclosporine is a suppressor of the immune response related to the T-cell system. Under the conditions of the experiment, cyclosporine appeared to condition the pathogenesis of CBPP by delaying the events that follow infection, bringing further support to the possibility that the immune response may have an impact on the disease outcome. 相似文献
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Pascucci I Capobianco Dondona A Cammà C Marcacci M Di Domenico M Lelli R Scacchia M Jago M Khaiseb S Hager AL Tjipura-Zaire G Caporale V 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(4):634-640
A capture operation to ascertain health status in free-ranging buffaloes from six different areas in the Caprivi Strip in the northeast corner of Namibia was conducted in October 2009. Basic information on the ticks and tick-borne pathogens normally found in wildlife from this area are scarce. The objective of this study was to assess the host status of African buffaloes, Syncerus caffer, for ixodid ticks and two selected tick-borne pathogens in the Caprivi Strip, a key area bordering Angola, Zambia, Botswana, and Zimbabwe. Four different tick species have been identified among the 233 collected specimens, and, of 95 tested buffaloes, 54 (57%) were positive for Theileria parva, whereas only 3 (3%) showed evidence of being infected with Ehrlichia ruminantium. 相似文献
3.
Tittarelli M Di Ventura M De Massis F Scacchia M Giovannini A Nannini D Caporale V 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2005,52(9):403-409
The authors studied the persistence of infection in 46 ewes experimentally infected with Brucella melitensis biovar 3 and monitored through three subsequent reproductive cycles. The entire experimental period lasted for 151 weeks. Infection of ewes and elimination of Brucella in milk, or its presence in vaginal discharges, persisted throughout the duration of the trial, as demonstrated by recurrent elimination of Brucella in milk and vaginal discharges. Brucella melitensis was recovered from the tissues of one ewe killed at the end of the trial. The strain was recovered from vaginal swabs and milk following parturition in the third reproductive cycle from an ewe that had aborted in the first cycle but was not pregnant in the second cycle. From a public health point of view, the periodical recovery of Brucella from the milk during the entire trial period illustrated that brucellosis in sheep remains a continuous occupational risk and a significant public health problem for consumers of fresh milk and milk products. That risk may persist for at least 3 years following the initial infection of the flock. Lamb antibody titres became negative in all lambs within 5 months after birth. This suggested that serological tests on lambs may have no practical diagnostic significance if performed during the first 5 months of life. Nevertheless, the birth of three infected lambs suggested that the phenomenon of latent carrier state may represent another way for B. melitensis to persist in a flock. 相似文献
4.
Ndengu Masimba Matope Gift Tivapasi Musavengana Scacchia Massimo Bonfini Barbara Pfukenyi Davis Mubika de Garine-Wichatitsky Michel 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(5):1107-1117
Tropical Animal Health and Production - A study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Chlamydia abortus infection in cattle and some selected wildlife... 相似文献
5.
Scacchia M Lelli R Petrini A Prencipe V Calistri P Giovannini A 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2000,47(5):321-327
During final phases of eradication programmes, strains of Mycobacterium sp. not belonging to the tuberculosis complex increase their relative frequency and are responsible for positive skin test reactions. Moreover, the specificity of any indirect diagnostic test, such as the skin test, is never completely accurate, therefore even when tuberculosis infection is completely eradicated, a number of false positive reactions are to be expected. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the performances of traditional isolation/typing techniques, automatic isolation/typing techniques based on fluorimetric detection of bacterial growth (Bactec), skin tests and the -interferon test. Samples examined for the evaluation of test sensitivities originated from 154 infected animals belonging to 32 infected herds. Samples used as negative controls in the evaluation of test specificities originated from 86 animals of nine officially infection-free herds. The automatic isolation/typing technique based on fluorimetric detection of bacterial growth showed higher sensitivity than the traditional isolation typing technique. Moreover, it allowed a safer processing of bacterial cultures, decreasing the risk for laboratory workers. The observed performance of the gamma-interferon test was considered beneficial in that it increased the sensitivity of individual diagnosis within an infected herd, especially in 'problem herds', but its poor specificity did not improve detection of infected herds compared to the skin test. 相似文献
6.
Ivanka Krasteva Anne Liljander Anne Fischer David G.E. Smith Neil F. Inglis Massimo Scacchia Attilio Pini Joerg Jores Flavio Sacchini 《Veterinary microbiology》2014
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP), caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides (Mmm) is a severe cattle disease, present in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The development of improved diagnostic tests and vaccines for CBPP control remains a research priority. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to characterize the Triton X-114 soluble proteome of nine Mmm strains isolated from Europe or Africa. Of a total of 250 proteins detected, 67 were present in all strains investigated. Of these, 44 were predicted to be lipoproteins or cytoplasmic membrane-associated proteins and are thus likely to be members of the core in vitro surface membrane-associated proteome of Mmm. Moreover, the presence of all identified proteins in other ruminant Mycoplasma pathogens were investigated. Two proteins of the core proteome were identified only in other cattle pathogens of the genus Mycoplasma pointing towards a role in host–pathogen interactions. The data generated will facilitate the identification and prioritization of candidate Mycoplasma antigens for improved control measures, as it is likely that surface-exposed membrane proteins will include those that are involved in host–pathogen interactions. 相似文献
7.
Geoffrey Munkombwe Muuka Nadi Songolo Swithine Kabilika Paul Fandamu Domenico Buonavoglia Massimo Scacchia 《Tropical animal health and production》2013,45(3):699-703
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of economic importance that is widely distributed in sub-Saharan African and contributes significantly to cattle morbidity and mortality. Lack of resources to implement eradication measures has led to the disease becoming endemic in most areas in sub-Saharan Africa where governments have little resources and the majority of the people are poor. Usually, control and eradication of such diseases as CBPP is treated as a public good by governments and to achieve this, governments are usually assisted by nongovernment organisations, bilateral government programmes and international donors. The private sector, which usually is companies that run businesses to make profit, although not very well established in sub-Saharan Africa could play a big role in the eradication of CBPP in the region. This could play a dual role of promoting investment and also eradicate livestock diseases which have proved a menace in the livestock sector. This paper highlights the role played by the private sector in the control of CBPP in Zambia. 相似文献
8.
Paolo Calistri Valeria NarcisiMarcello Atzeni DVM Fabrizio De MassisManuela Tittarelli Maria Teresa MercanteEnzo Ruggieri DVM Massimo Scacchia DVM 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
In 2011, five outbreaks of dourine were originally reported in Italy. The outbreaks occurred in two regions of southern Italy. From June to December 2011, a surveillance plan has been carried out in Italy to estimate the prevalence and geographical distribution of dourine infection in the equine population. Finally, two other new outbreaks were reported, and seven outbreaks were confirmed. This article describes the results of the surveillance plan, also taking into consideration the prevalence of infection observed in the different types of equine premises. 相似文献
9.
Di Provvido Andrea Di Teodoro Giovanni Muuka Geoffrey Marruchella Giuseppe Scacchia Massimo 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(1):223-228
Tropical Animal Health and Production - Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a severe infectious disease caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides. The peculiar pathological features of... 相似文献
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