Health status and potential uptake of transgenic DNA by Japanese quail fed diets containing genetically modified plant ingredients over 10 generations     

A. Korwin-Kossakowska  K. Sartowska  G. Tomczyk  B. Prusak  G. Sender 《British poultry science》2016,57(3):415-423

1. The hypothesis assumes that feed containing GMOs affects animal health and results in the transgene product accumulating in the body. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of genetically modified (GM) ingredients used in poultry diets on aspects of bird health status and accumulation of transgenic DNA in eggs, breast muscle and internal organs.

2. A total of 10 generations of Japanese quail were fed three types of diets: group A – containing GM soya (Roundup Ready) and non-GM maize, group B – containing GM maize (MON810) and non-GM soya, and group C – containing non-GM soya and maize.

3. Bird performance traits were monitored throughout the trial. In 17-week-old animals of each generation, health examination took place on birds from each group including post-mortem necropsy and histological organ evaluation. For the purpose of transgenic DNA detection, samples of selected important tissues were taken. A molecular screening method of PCR amplification was used.

4. The analysis of the sectional examination of birds used in the current experiment did not indicate the existence of the pathological changes caused by pathogens, nutritional factors or of environmental nature. The histopathological changes occurred in all three dietary groups and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups.

5. There was no transgene amplification – neither CaMV35S promoter sequence nor nos terminator sequence, in the samples derived from breast muscle, selected tissues and germinal discs (eggs).

6. According to the obtained results, it was concluded that there was no negative effect of the use of GM soya or maize with regard to bird health status or to the presence of transgenic DNA in the final consumable product.

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The effect of acute restraint stress on regional brain neurotransmitter levels in stress-susceptible pietrain pigs     

Piekarzewska AB  Rosochacki SJ  Sender G 《Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine》2000,47(5):257-269

Concentrations of noradrenaline (NA), adrenaline (A), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), the DA metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid (HVA) and the main 5-HT metabolite 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) were measured using HPLC in 16 brain areas of control and immobilized Pietrain pigs. The animals were immobilized for 15, 30 and 60 min in the prone position. Control pigs showed patterns of regional distribution of brain monoamines similar to those described for rats, dogs and Duroc pigs. However, the absolute values of NA and A in the hypothalamus and preoptic area were much higher than those in rats and dogs, but similar to those in Duroc pigs. The concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites DOPAC and HVA were highest in the caudate nucleus, the nucleus accumbens, the olfactory tubercle and the ventral tegmental area. The distributions of serotonin and its metabolite 5-HIAA were similar in all examined structures. DOPAC/DA and HVA/DA ratios were higher in the cornu ammonis, the hippocampus posterior and the raphe nuclei than in other structures, which suggests brain structure-related differences in dopamine turnover. The greatest decreases in NA and A content were observed in the hypothalamus, the preoptic area and the olfactory tuberculum during the first 30 min of immobilization stress. 5-HT turnover was increased in the raphe nuclei, while DA turnover was affected in the raphe nuclei, the septum, the substantia nigra and the olfactory tubercle. We suggest that acute immobilization stress caused differences in regional patterns of brain biogenic amines, thereby maintaining adequate transmitter levels during stress in stress-susceptible pigs.  相似文献   

Hypothalamic deafferentation in prepuberal beef heifers: Effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and estradiol benzoate on luteinizing hormone secretion     

Jose R. Molina  Allison M. Benoit  Sender Lkhagvadorj  Lloyd L. Anderson 《Livestock Science》2009,120(1-2):13-24

Hypothalamic control of luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion was investigated in crossbred beef heifer calves by comparing anterior (AHD), posterior (PHD), and complete (CHD) hypothalamic deafferentation with sham operated controls (SOC). Heifers (n = 16) were fitted with an indwelling jugular catheter for 6 days before cranial surgery, and assigned randomly to treatments. Blood for radioimmunoassay of LH was collected sequentially at 15-min intervals during an 8-h period on days ? 1 before and day 6 after hypothalamic deafferentation or sham operation. On the day of surgery, blood samples were collected sequentially at 15-min intervals 2 h before induction of anesthesia and throughout surgery and early recovery. Seven months after hypothalamic deafferentation, all experimental and sham operated heifers were ovariectomized and treated with vegetable oil (i.m.) plus saline (i.v.), vegetable oil plus gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), estradiol benzoate (EB, 1 mg) in vegetable oil. After ovariectomy basal plasma concentrations of LH increased (P < 0.01) compared with the low circulating hormone levels before ovariectomy. The amplitude of LH response to GnRH was greater (P < 0.01) in CHD and PHD when compared with SOC and AHD heifers. Injection of EB failed to induce a LH surge in CHD and PHD 900–1100 min later when compared with the robust response seen in SOC and AHD heifers. Injection of EB plus GnRH elicited LH release in all deafferentated and sham operated heifers. These results indicate a transient change in LH secretion after AHD or CHD in prepuberal heifers with intact ovaries. After OVX, the integrity of the neural connection of the posterior hypothalamus is required for EB-induced LH release in beef heifers.  相似文献   

Identification and functional analysis of a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the porcine Toll like receptor (TLR) 5 gene     

Roger Sederström  Michael Mayntz  Grazyna Sender 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(4):161-166

Nine suckling calves were allowed to afterstimulate their dams at three levels, ad libitum , for 3 min or none, at each suckling meal twice daily in a repeated 3 2 3 Latin square experimental design. Each experimental unit consisted of one cow-calf pair for 6 days. Milk yield was recorded and samples were taken at the morning meal on day 7 by hand-milking one quarter while the calf suckled the other three. Samples were analysed for fat content and 19 fatty acids (FA), summarized in five groups: locally synthesized FA, FA deriving mainly from blood serum (BSFA), saturated FA (SFA), unsaturated FA (USFA) and essential FA (ESFA). Variables were expressed as g g -1 fat, kJ g -1 fat, g kg -1 milk delivered at the recorded suckling meal and kJ kg -1 delivered milk. The only factors affected were milk yield, and BSFA, SFA, USFA and ESFA when related to the delivered milk. The relationship between levels of AS and milk yield was a second-degree polynomial.  相似文献