What is your diagnosis? Caudal fossa mass from a dog          下载免费PDF全文

Shannon Jones Hostetter  Hilary Z. Hu  Joseph S. Haynes 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2018,47(2):322-323

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Differences in Ion Accumulation and Salt Tolerance among Glycine Accessions     

J. M. Lenis  M. Ellersieck  D. G. Blevins  D. A. Sleper  H. T. Nguyen  D. Dunn  J. D. Lee  J. G. Shannon 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2011,197(4):302-310

Salinity reduces crop yield by limiting water uptake and causing ion‐specific stress. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is sensitive to soil salinity. However, there is variability among soybean genotypes and wild relatives for salt tolerance, suggesting that genetic improvement may be possible. The objective of this study was to identify differences in salt tolerance based on ion accumulation in leaves, stems and roots among accessions of four Glycine species. Four NaCl treatments, 0, 50, 75 and 100 mm , were imposed on G. max, G. soja, G. tomentella and G. argyrea accessions with different levels of salinity tolerance. Tolerant genotypes had less leaf scorch and a greater capacity to prevent Na⁺ and Cl^? transport from soil solution to stems and leaves than sensitive genotypes. Magnitude of leaf injury per unit increase in leaf Na⁺ or Cl^? concentrations was lower in tolerant than in susceptible accessions. Also, plant injury was associated more with Na⁺ rather than with Cl^? concentration in leaves. Salt‐tolerant accessions had greater leaf chlorophyll‐meter readings than sensitive genotypes at all NaCl concentrations. Glycine argyrea and G. tomentella accessions possessed higher salt tolerance than G. soja and G. max genotypes.  相似文献   

Plasma histamine concentrations in horses administered sodium penicillin,guaifenesin–xylazine–ketamine and isoflurane with morphine or butorphanol     

Tanya Duke-Novakovski  Carolina Palacios Jimenez  Masako Fujiyama  Shannon G. Beazley 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2021,48(1):17-25

ObjectiveVarious drugs administered to horses undergoing surgical procedures can release histamine. Histamine concentrations were evaluated in horses prepared for surgery and administered butorphanol or morphine intraoperative infusions.Study designProspective studies with one randomized.AnimalsA total of 44 client-owned horses.MethodsIn one study, anesthesia was induced with xylazine followed by ketamine–diazepam. Anesthesia was maintained with guaifenesin–xylazine–ketamine (GXK) during surgical preparation. For surgery, isoflurane was administered with intravenous (IV) morphine (group M: 0.15 mg kg^–1 and 0.1 mg kg^–1 hour^–1; 15 horses) or butorphanol (group B: 0.05 mg kg^–1 and 0.01 mg kg^–1 hour^–1; 15 horses). Histamine and morphine concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay before opioid injection (time 0), and after 1, 2, 5, 30, 60 and 90 minutes. In a subsequent study, plasma histamine concentrations were measured in 14 horses before drug administration (baseline), 15 minutes after IV sodium penicillin and 15 minutes after starting GXK IV infusion. Statistical comparison was performed using anova for repeated measures. Pearson correlation compared morphine and histamine concentrations. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Significance was assumed when p ≤ 0.05.ResultsWith histamine, differences occurred between baseline (3.2 ± 2.4 ng mL^–1) and GXK (5.2 ± 7.1 ng mL^–1) and between baseline and time 0 in group B (11.9 ± 13.4 ng mL^–1) and group M (11.1 ± 12.4 ng mL^–1). No differences occurred between baseline and after penicillin or between groups M and B. Morphine concentrations were higher at 1 minute following injection (8.1 ± 5.1 ng mL^–1) than at 30 minutes (4.9 ± 3.1 ng mL^–1) and 60 minutes (4.0 ± 2.5 ng mL^–1). Histamine correlated with morphine at 2, 30 and 60 minutes.Conclusions and clinical relevanceGXK increased histamine concentration, but concentrations were similar with morphine and butorphanol.  相似文献   

A SURVEY OF RADIOLOGISTS AND REFERRING VETERINARIANS REGARDING IMAGING REPORTS          下载免费PDF全文

Andrea Weissman  Mauricio Solano  Olivier Taeymans  Shannon P. Holmes  David Jiménez  Bruce Barton 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2016,57(2):124-129

An imaging report is a vital communication tool between a radiologist and clinician. In a field where in‐person communication may not be readily available, it is imperative that the report clearly relays pertinent clinical information in a timely manner. The purpose of this observational study was to describe and compare opinions and expectations of small animal general practitioners, veterinary specialists, and veterinary radiologists regarding the imaging report. Online surveys were distributed, and data were collected from 202 veterinary clinicians and 123 veterinary radiologists. The majority (89%) of clinicians were satisfied with their imaging reports and stated that they read the radiology report as soon as it was available (92%). Just less than half (48%) of clinicians indicated it was standard of care that a board‐certified veterinary radiologist read all imaging studies. Radiologists and clinicians agreed that a clinical history (98% and 94%, respectively) and clinical question (82% and 68%, respectively) were needed to generate a good radiology report. Fifty‐five percent to 70% of clinicians prefer red bulleted reports, which included incidental findings (96%); while radiologists slightly favored prose reporting (37–46%). Clinicians found it helpful when additional imaging (86%), medical (71%), and surgical recommendations (73%) were made. About one‐third of specialists who had been in practice for >11 years thought they were better able to interpret imaging for their own specialty than the radiologist. Clinicians voiced discontentment with reports that were not completed in a timely manner or did not give a prioritized differential list. Further studies are warranted to provide a more in‐depth evaluation of veterinary radiology reporting structure and style.  相似文献   

Evaluation of a Permanent Synthetic Osteochondral Implant in the Equine Medial Femoral Condyle          下载免费PDF全文

Kirsty A. Husby  Shannon K. Reed  David A. Wilson  Keiichi Kuroki  John R. Middleton  Natalie C. Hoepp  Elizabeth M. Charles  James L. Cook 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2016,45(3):364-373

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Morphologic and biochemical characterization of hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints in llamas     

Reed SK  Semevolos SA  Rist PK  Valentine BA 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(8):879-885

OBJECTIVE: To determine the morphologic and biochemical characteristics of hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal and metatarsophalangeal joints in llamas. ANIMALS: 12 adult llamas (6 with bilateral hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints and 6 age- and sex-matched control llamas). PROCEDURES: Llamas were evaluated by use of lameness examination, ultrasonography, and radiography. A CBC, serum biochemical analysis, and determination of concentrations of trace minerals in serum and liver samples were performed. Llamas were euthanized, and samples of the superficial digital flexor tendon, deep digital flexor tendon, and suspensory ligament were obtained from 4 areas and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen or suspended in neutral-buffered 10% formalin. Immunohistochemical evaluation of collagen types I and III and assays for measurement of lysyl oxidase activity were performed. RESULTS: 2 affected llamas had a visible gait deficit associated with metacarpophalangeal joint hyperextension. Radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis was detected in 1 severely affected llama, and ultrasonographic changes of soft tissue mineralization and suspensory desmitis were observed in 2 llamas. Liver concentrations of copper were lower and serum concentrations of zinc higher in affected llamas, compared with values in control llamas. Lysyl oxidase activity and collagen distribution did not differ significantly between groups. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal or metatarsophalangeal joints in llamas does not appear to be the result of injury or degeneration of the suspensory ligament or flexor tendons. Lower copper concentrations coupled with higher zinc concentrations in affected llamas may be indicative of secondary copper deficiency.  相似文献   

Thoughts on the root cause of pet overpopulation     

Hines S 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2007,230(5):658

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Prevalence of AO blood group and level of agreement for AO blood-typing methods in pet pigs from Louisiana     

Chiara Hampton DVM  MS  DACVAA  Shannon Dehghanpir DVM  MS  DACVP  Chance Armstrong DVM  MS  DACT  Clare Scully DVM  MS  DACT  Rose E. Baker BVMS  MS  DACVIM  Mark Mitchell DVM  MS  PhD  DEZM 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2023,33(5):549-558

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The effects of several supplementation frequencies on forage use and the performance of beef cattle consuming dormant tallgrass prairie forage     

Farmer CG  Cochran RC  Simms DD  Klevesahl EA  Wickersham TA  Johnson DE 《Journal of animal science》2001,79(9):2276-2285

Two experiments were conducted to quantify the impact on forage use and performance of varying supplementation frequency of cattle consuming forage diets across a range of frequencies. In both experiments, a common supplement was used that contained a relatively high concentration of CP (43%) and was fed at the following frequencies: 1) 2 d/wk; 2) 3 d/wk; 3) 5 d/wk; and 4) 7 d/wk. In Exp. 1, 120 Hereford x Angus cows (BW = 537 kg) grazing winter tallgrass-prairie range were supplemented at the various frequencies from December 7 until calving (average calving date = 3/7/99). All treatments provided the same quantity of supplement on a weekly basis (12.74 kg, as-fed) but divided the amount delivered on a given day equally among the number of supplementation events for that treatment. Less BW was lost from December 7 through calving (linear effect, P = 0.02) as frequency of supplementation increased, but the magnitude of difference in weight change was relatively small. Body condition responded similarly through early February (linear effect, P = 0.02), although treatment effects were not as distinct at calving (cubic effect, P = 0.11). In Exp. 2, 16 ruminally fistulated Hereford x Angus steers (BW = 257 kg) were blocked by weight and assigned to one of the four frequencies of supplementation. Steers were offered tallgrass prairie hay (73.5% NDF, 4.8% CP) ad libitum and were supplemented at a rate (relative to BW) similar to that of the cows in Exp. 1. Increasing frequency of supplementation increased (linear effect, P < or = 0.02) forage OM intake, OM and NDF digestion, and digestible OM intake. However, the most prominent differences in forage OM intake tended (cubic effect, P = 0.07) to occur with the two extreme frequencies of supplementation. In conclusion, forage use was improved with an increased frequency of supplementation, but the impact on performance is not likely to be large unless extreme differences in frequency occur.  相似文献   

Enzyme studies with the livers of chicks fed semi‐synthetic diets containing crystalline amino acids and diammonium citrate     

D. J. W. Lee  J. M. McNab  D. W. F. Shannon  R. Blair 《British poultry science》1972,13(3):229-235

The levels of glutamate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)], (GDH), aspartate trans‐aminase (AspT) and alanine transaminase (AlT) were measured in livers from chicks fed on a semi‐synthetic diet containing crystalline essential amino acids as the sole nitrogen source (diet A). The effects of a supplement of 12.0% glutamic acid (diet H) or 11.07% diammonium citrate (DAC) (diet B) or 12.0% glutamic acid plus 1.0% proline with an additional 0.6% glycine (diet C) on these enzymes were studied and the results compared with the levels found for control chicks given a typical diet based on cereal protein (diet J). The abilities of livers from chicks given diets A, B and C to synthesise [14C] glutamic acid from [14C]2‐oxoglutaric acid and diammonium citrate (DAC) were assessed.

The levels of GDH, AspT and AlT found in the livers of chicks given the control diet were 54.1, 966 and 123.7 units/mg protein respectively. Non‐essential nitrogen added as glutamic acid or as DAC did not cause induction of the enzymes studied above control levels. Glutamic acid (diets H and B) caused a depression of GDH levels (37.4 and 38.9 units/mg protein respectively) but had no effect on AspT and AlT compared with the controls, whereas DAC caused a decrease in AlT (43.9 units/mg protein) but had no effect on AspT and GDH; diet A depressed AlT and AspT levels (64.4 and 735 units/mg protein respectively).

The livers of chicks given diets A, C and B varied in their ability to synthesise glutamic acid, 39.3%, 31.9% and 24.0% respectively of the radioactivity being recovered as glutamic acid.  相似文献