Acute infection of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus in Syrian hamsters.     

Y Sugawara  K Hirasawa  M Takeda  J S Han  K Doi 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(3):463-468

One-month-old Syrian hamsters of the APA and Std: golden strains were inoculated intraperitoneally with 10(5) PFU/head of the D variant of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus and examined virologically and pathologically up to 7 days after inoculation. APA hamsters developed apparent hyperglycemia due to pancreatic islet cell damage while Std:golden hamsters did not. Hamsters of both strains showed clear histopathologic changes in the testis with prominent viral replication as well as in the brain, heart and exocrine pancreas. The susceptibility to EMC virus-infection was higher in males than in females and in APA than in Std: golden hamsters.  相似文献   

Preventive effects of CIDR-based protocols on premature ovulation before timed-AI in Ovsynch in cycling beef cows     

Sakase M  Kawate N  Nakagawa C  Fukushima M  Noda M  Takeda K  Ueno S  Inaba T  Kida K  Tamada H  Sawada T 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2007,173(3):691-693

Ovsynch is a program developed to synchronize ovulation for timed breeding. In this paper, the authors investigate whether controlled internal drug release (CIDR)-based protocols prevent premature ovulation before timed-artificial insemination (AI) when Ovsynch is started a few days before luteolysis in cycling beef cows. Nine beef cows at 16 days after oestrus were treated with (1) Ovsynch, i.e. gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue on day 0, prostaglandin (PG) F(2alpha) analogue on day 7 and GnRH analogue on day 9 with timed-AI on day 10, (n=3); (2) Ovsynch+CIDR (Ovsynch protocol plus a CIDR for 7 days from day 0, n=3), or (3) oestradiol benzoate (OB)+CIDR+GnRH (OB on day 0 in lieu of the first GnRH treatment, followed by the Ovsynch+CIDR protocol, n=3). In the Ovsynch group (1) plasma progesterone concentrations fell below 0.5 ng/mL earlier (day 5) than in both CIDR-treated groups (2) and (3), where this occurred on day 8. Plasma oestradiol-17beta concentrations peaked on day 8 in the Ovsynch group and on day 9 in both CIDR-treated groups. The dominant follicle ovulated on day 10 in the Ovsynch group and on day 11 in both CIDR-treated groups. Thus, both CIDR-based protocols prevented premature ovulation before timed-AI in Ovsynch when the protocol was started a few days before luteolysis. This reflects the fact that progesterone levels remained high until the beef cattle were treated with PGF(2alpha).  相似文献   

Assessment of rabbit spleen size using ultrasonography     

Takeda Y  Asaoka H  Ueno M  Jimma F  Hidaka M  Shibusawa H  Kaneda K  Saniabadi AR  Hiraishi K  Kashiwagi N 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(8):841-842

Assessment of spleen size using the ultrasonography has become a standard practice in human. However, the assessment is not established method in experimental animals. To establish the index to assess the spleen size using ultrasonography, we measured the cross-section image of rabbit spleen during endotoxin shock. The image of the cross-section was appeared as triangle, and the height of the triangular image was defined as the spleen index. This spleen index showed strong correlation with the spleen weight. In conclusion, this method is suitable for observation of changes in rabbit spleen size and may reduce the number of rabbit in the longitudinal studies.  相似文献   

Gene silencing of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA by RNA interference in bovine cumulus-granulosa cells     

Kobayashi S  Sakatani M  Kobayashi S  Okuda K  Takahashi M 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2007,53(6):1305-1311

Inhibition of specific gene expression using RNA interference (RNAi) is a valuable tool for functional analysis of a target gene. However, there is little information available concerning RNAi for analysis of gene function in relation to the reproductive physiology of follicular cells in ruminants. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the interfering effect of small interference RNA (siRNA) on expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) mRNA and prostagrandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) production in bovine cumulus-granulosa (CG) cells. Bovine CG cells were collected from aspirated follicles and cultured. After reaching confluency, two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, to investigate the effective concentration of siRNA, 0, 100, 250 and 500 pM of Cox-2 siRNA was introduced into the CG cells, respectively. After 24 h, the amount of Cox-2 mRNA expression was measured by RT-PCR and real-time PCR. In experiment 2, to investigate the time required for effective interference of siRNA and Cox-2 activity, 250 pM siRNA was introduced for 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h. After culture, the amount of Cox-2 mRNA expression was measured and the culture medium was collected to determine the PGF(2alpha) concentration by enzyme immunoassay. The Cox-2 mRNA expression was not affected by introduction of 100 pM siRNA into CG cells for 24 h, but 250 and 500 pM Cox-2 siRNA significantly reduced the Cox-2 mRNA expression. Moreover, the significant suppressive effect of 250 pM siRNA was observed 6 h after introduction, and the reduction of mRNA expression by RNAi became more obvious over 12 h. On the other hand, the PGF(2alpha) concentration in the culture medium was not significantly different 12 h after siRNA introduction; however, the PGF(2alpha) concentration 24 h after siRNA introduction was significantly decreased compared with the control at the same time point. These results suggest that gene silencing of Cox-2 with siRNA is capable of analyzing the function and expression of specific genes in bovine CG cells.  相似文献   

不同分子量的甲壳低聚糖对脂质吸附作用研究     

张婷婷  王茵  刘淑集  苏永昌  陈达文  吴成业 《福建水产》2011,33(1):21-25

本文通过体外模拟实验比较不同分子量范围的甲壳低聚糖对脂质的吸附效果.结果表明,不同分子量的甲壳低聚糖对各类脂质都具有较好的吸附性.其中,M_w=5kDa～10kDa的甲壳低聚糖对油脂、胆酸盐和胆固醇的吸附效果最好,对油脂的吸附率为5.3%,对脱氧胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠的吸附率分别为90.0%和71.1%,对胆固醇吸附率达8...  相似文献   

Identification of reaction products of acylated anthocyanins from red radish with peroxyl radicals   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Matsufuji H  Otsuki T  Takeda T  Chino M  Takeda M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(10):3157-3161

Red radish anthocyanin extract, which consists of 12 known acylated anthocyanins, was reacted with 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) to generate peroxyl radicals under acidic pH conditions at 37 degrees C. The reaction products were isolated using preparative HPLC, and their chemical structures were determined to be p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1), 6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl-2-O-beta-d- glucopyranosyl-alpha-d-glucopyranoside (3), p-coumaric acid (4), 6-O-(E)-feruloyl-2-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-alpha-d-glucopyranoside (5), and ferulic acid (6). Some products were not identified. HPLC analyses of the mixture of acylated pelargonidin isolated from red radish and AAPH revealed that the acylated pelargonidins possess the radical scavenging ability on some common sites even if the characteristics of the intramolecular acyl units are different. Degradation rates of acylated pelargonidins and the formation rates of the resulting reaction products were found to be quite different.  相似文献   

Suppressive effect of saturated acyl L-ascorbate on the oxidation of linoleic acid encapsulated with maltodextrin or gum arabic by spray-drying   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Watanabe Y  Fang X  Minemoto Y  Adachi S  Matsuno R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(14):3984-3987

6-O-Palmitoyl L-ascorbate was added to linoleic acid at various molar ratios of the ascorbate to the acid, the mixtures were emulsified with a maltodextrin or gum arabic solution, and the emulsions were spray-dried to produce microcapsules. At higher molar ratios, the oil droplets in the emulsions were smaller, and the oxidative stabilities of the encapsulated linoleic acid were higher for both the maltodextrin- and gum arabic-based microcapsules. 6-O-Capryloyl, caproyl, and lauroyl L-ascorbates, which were synthesized through lipase-catalyzed condensation in acetone, were also used for the microencapsulation of linoleic acid. Except for capryloyl L-ascorbate, the addition of a saturated acyl ascorbate, especially caproyl ascorbate, to linoleic acid was effective for preparing oil droplets of small particle diameter and for suppressing the oxidation of the encapsulated linoleic acid.  相似文献   

The influence of barley malt protein modification on beer foam stability and their relationship to the barley dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor-I (BDAI-I) as a possible foam-promoting protein   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Okada Y  Iimure T  Takoi K  Kaneko T  Kihara M  Hayashi K  Ito K  Sato K  Takeda K 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(4):1458-1464

The foam stability of beer is one of the important key factors in evaluating the quality of beer. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of malt modification (degradation of protein, starch, and so on) and the beer foam stability. This was achieved by examining foam-promoting proteins using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE). We found that the foam stability of beer samples brewed from the barley malts of cultivars B and C decreased as the level of malt modification increased; however, the foam stability of cultivar A did not change. To identify the property providing the increased foam stability of cultivar A, we analyzed beer proteins using 2DE. We analyzed three fractions that could contain beer foam-promoting proteins, namely, beer whole proteins, salt-precipitated proteins, and the proteins concentrated from beer foam. As a result, we found that in cultivar A, some protein spots did not change in any of these three protein fractions even when the level of malt modification increased, although the corresponding protein spots in cultivars B and C decreased. We analyzed these protein spots by peptide mass finger printing using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. As a result, all of these spots were identified as barley dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor-I (BDAI-I). These results suggest that BDAI-I is an important contributor to beer foam stability.  相似文献   

渗透胁迫对小麦幼苗硝酸还原酶钝化蛋白的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何平  文树基 《华南农业大学学报》1996,17(2):74-78

渗透胁迫下郑引一号（干旱敏感品种）幼苗硝酸还原酶（ＮＲ）活性下降的速率比陕合六号（抗旱品种）的快。小麦幼苗中含有ＮＲ钝化蛋白部分Ⅰ和部分Ⅱ，其中部分Ⅱ对ＮＲ的钝化活性大于部分Ⅰ；随着渗透胁迫的加剧，陕合六号与郑引一号的ＮＲ钝化蛋白部分Ⅰ的钝化活性减小百分率相近，郑引一号的ＮＲ钝化蛋白部分Ⅱ的钝化活性上升百分速率则快于陕合六号的，因而，在渗透胁迫下，郑引一号的总ＮＲ钝化蛋白活性比陕合六号的高。  相似文献   

Behavior of four broad-leaved tree species used to revegetate eroded granite hill slopes     

Kanae Ishimaru  Naoko Tokuchi  Naoya Osawa  Koji Kawamura  Hiroshi Takeda 《Journal of Forest Research》2005,10(1):27-34

Information on primary growth behavior after planting is required for mixed-plantation revegetation using broad-leaved species. To estimate primary growth, especially from the perspective of crown coverage and changing growth rates, we examined the growth and survival of four broad-leaved species that are frequently used in erosion-control plantations in Japan. The species studied were Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc., Alnus pendula Matsum., Quercus glauca Thunb., and Q. serrata Thunb. The survival, height, and basal diameter of planted trees were measured over a 4-year period, and crown area was calculated over a 3-year period. We found a negative relationship between relative growth rate (RGR) and survival rate, suggesting that fast growth may be fatal when resources are severely limited. The relative height growth rate (RHGR) of A. pendula was especially high during the early period of the study (1997–1999) and then drastically declined, whereas the opposite tendency was observed in Q. glauca. The results of stem allometry analyses conformed to the specific relationships between height growth and diameter growth of the four species; increases in stem thickness based on height increments were smaller in the pioneer species A. pendula. Between-species differences in coverage per planted tree (mean crown area multiplied by survival rate) were small as a result of the negative relationship between coverage area and survival rate.  相似文献