排序方式： 共有33条查询结果，搜索用时 29 毫秒
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Amber M. Kameka Siamak Haddadi Fathima Jesreen Jamaldeen Prima Moinul Xiao T. He Fathima Hafsa P. Nawazdeen Stephan Bonfield Shayan Sharif Nico van Rooijen Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2014,78(4):274-282
Macrophages function as phagocytes and antigen-presenting cells in the body. As has been demonstrated in mammals, administration of clodronate [dichloromethylene bisphosphonate (Cl2MBP)] encapsulated liposomes results in depletion of macrophages. Although this compound has been used in chickens, its effectiveness in depleting macrophages has yet to be fully determined. Here, we show that a single administration of clodronate liposomes to chickens results in a significant depletion of macrophages within the spleen and lungs of chickens up to 4 d post-treatment. This finding suggests that, in order to obtain depletion of macrophages in chickens for greater than 5 d, it is necessary to administer clodronate liposomes 4 d apart. The study also showed that 2 treatments of clodronate liposomes at 4-day intervals resulted in the depletion of macrophages for up to 10 d. The findings of the present study will encourage more precise studies to be done on the potential roles of macrophages in immune responses and in the pathogenesis of microbial infections in chickens. 相似文献
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Assessment of serum thyroid hormone concentrations in lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: To assess changes in serum concentrations of thyroid hormones associated with selenium deficiency myopathy in lambs. ANIMALS: 35 lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy and 30 healthy lambs. PROCEDURES: Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture from lambs with selenium deficiency myopathy and healthy lambs. Activities of markers of selenium deficiency myopathy (erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px] and plasma creatine kinase [CK]) and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and total thyroxine (tT(4)) and total triiodothyronine (tT(3)) concentrations were assessed; values in affected lambs were compared with those in healthy lambs. Correlations of erythrocyte GSH-Px and plasma CK activities with serum concentrations of TSH, tT(4), and tT(3) were investigated, and the tT(3):tT(4) concentration ratio was evaluated. RESULTS: Compared with findings in healthy lambs, erythrocyte GSH-Px activity, serum tT(3) concentration, and tT(3):tT(4) concentration ratio were significantly decreased and serum concentrations of tT(4) and TSH and the activity of plasma CK were significantly increased in affected lambs. Analysis revealed a significant negative correlation in the affected group between erythrocyte GSH-Px activity and each of the following: plasma CK activity (r = -0.443), serum TSH concentration (r = -0.599), serum tT(4) concentration (r = -0.577), and serum tT(3) concentration (r = -0.621). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that notable changes in circulating amounts of thyroid hormones develop in association with selenium deficiency in lambs. Such alterations in thyroid hormone metabolism may be involved in the high incidence of disorders, such as stillbirths and neonatal deaths, in selenium-deficient flocks. 相似文献
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Siamak Rahmanpour David Backhouse Heather M. Nonhebel 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2010,128(4):429-433
The glucosinolate-myrosinase defence system, specific to Brassicales plants, produces toxic volatile compounds during mechanical
injury or pathogen attack. The reaction of this system to oxalic acid, known as a pathogenicity factor of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is not fully understood. The hydrolysis of glucosinolates was studied at varying conditions in the presence of oxalic acid
in the substrate. In a bioassay, colonies of the pathogen were exposed to volatiles from hydrated mustard powder used as a
myrosinase and glucosinolate source. The glucosinolate-myrosinase (GSL-M) system was activated in the presence of oxalic acid
at a concentration and pH similar to that expected in vivo. Volatile production was inhibited only when the pH fell to 3 or below. It is unlikely that oxalic acid plays a significant
role in disarming the GSL-M system during infection of Brassica hosts. 相似文献
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Dundon WG Heidari A Fusaro A Monne I Beato MS Cattoli G Koch G Starick E Brown IH Aldous EW Briand FX Le Gall-Reculé G Jestin V Jørgensen PH Berg M Zohari S Metreveli G Munir M Ståhl K Albina E Hammoumi S Gil P de Almeida RS Smietanka K Domańska-Blicharz K Minta Z Van Borm S van den Berg T Martin AM Barbieri I Capua I;EPIZONE Network of Excellence Molecular Epidemiology of AI;APMV working group 《Veterinary microbiology》2012,154(3-4):209-221
Since 2006, the members of the molecular epidemiological working group of the European "EPIZONE" network of excellence have been generating sequence data on avian influenza and avian paramyxoviruses from both European and African sources in an attempt to more fully understand the circulation and impact of these viruses. This review presents a timely update on the epidemiological situation of these viruses based on sequence data generated during the lifetime of this project in addition to data produced by other groups during the same period. Based on this information and putting it all into a European context, recommendations for continued surveillance of these important viruses within Europe are presented. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of use of a supernumerary teat as a pedicle graft to repair experimental teat tip damage in cattle. STUDY DESIGN: Experimental study. ANIMALS: Mature, non-gravid hybrid cows with > or =1 supernumerary teat. METHODS: The main teat and adjacent supernumerary teat were examined for patency by ultrasound with a 8 MHz linear array transducer. The tip of the main teat was resected at the junction of cistern and canal. The supernumerary teat was partially resected semi-circumferentially at the cranial aspect of the base to maintain vascular supply and transplanted by end-to-end anastomosis. The pedicle of the supernumerary teat graft was amputated in stages starting at 14 days, again at 16 days and separated at 18 days. Reconstructed teat patency was evaluated at intervals by ultrasonography and confirmed at 50 days by histopathology. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the measurements of luminal diameter between days; significance was set at P<.05. RESULTS: All reconstructed teats were patent. Decreased luminal diameters were detected at 25, 32, 39, and 46 days by ultrasonography. On histopathology, granulation and epithelial (mucosal) proliferation contributed to luminal reduction. CONCLUSIONS: In this experimental model of an acute damage to a teat tip, supernumerary teat grafting was successfully used to restore teat anatomy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Supernumerary teat pedicle grafting may be considered as a salvage technique for reconstruction of a damaged bovine teat in cows that have an adjacent patent supernumerary teat. Function of the reconstructed teat in a lactating cow remains unknown. 相似文献
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P. Haddadi B. Yazdi-samadi M. Berger M. R. Naghavi A. Calmon A. Sarrafi 《Euphytica》2011,178(2):247-259
Sunflower is one of the major annual world crops grown for edible oil and its meal is a potential source of protein for human
consumption. It contains tocopherol that decreases potential risk of chronic diseases in human. The objectives of the current
research are to assess the genetic variability and to identify AFLP markers and candidate genes associated with seed-quality
traits under well-irrigated and water-stressed conditions in gamma-induced mutants of sunflower. Two mutant lines, M8-826-2-1
and M8-39-2-1, with significant increased level of oleic acid were identified that can be used in breeding programs for quality
increase high oxidative stability and heart-healthy properties. The significant increased level of tocopherol in mutant lines,
M8-862-1N1 and M8-641-2-1, is justified by observed polymorphism for tocopherol pathway-related gene; MCT. The most important marker for total tocopherol content is E33M50_16 which explains 33.9% of phenotypic variance. One of
the most important candidate genes involving fatty acid biosynthesis, FAD2 (FAD2-1), is linked to oleic and linoleic acids content and explained more than 53% of phenotypic variance. Common markers associated
with different seed-quality traits in well-irrigated and water-stressed conditions could be used for marker-assisted selection
(MAS) in both conditions. Other markers, which are specific for one condition whereas linked to different traits or specific
for a trait, could be useful for a given water treatment. 相似文献
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Siamak Haddadi Dae-Sun KimHui Jasmine Frank van der MeerMarkus Czub Mohamed Faizal Abdul-Careem 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2013
LPS is one of the pathogen associated molecular patterns that activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway eliciting antiviral host responses in mammals although information on such responses in avian species is scarce. Our objectives were to characterize the LPS induced innate responses particularly the expression of LPS receptors (TLR4, CD14) in avian macrophages and observe whether TLR4 mediated induction of NO can elicit antiviral response against infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) replication. We found that LPS was capable of inducing the expression of TLR4, CD14 and NO production but not the type 1 interferons in an avian macrophage cell line, MQ-NCSU. We also showed that TLR4 mediated NO production can lead to antiviral response against ILTV replication when MQ-NCSU cells were treated with LPS and the resultant supernatant was then transferred to ILTV replicating cells to assess antiviral activity. Antiviral activity of NO was blocked by a selective inhibitor, S-methylisothiourea sulfhate that inhibits inducible NO synthase. This observation confirms that the antiviral activity is positively correlated with NO production. The data show that LPS can be a potential innate immune stimulant that can be used against ILTV infection in chickens that require further evaluation in vivo. 相似文献