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试验旨在研究氨基酸副产物（amino acid by-products,ABP）对全株红高粱和全株甜玉米发酵品质及消化率的影响,并通过扫描电镜（SEM）探讨ABP对青贮饲料发酵品质及消化率的作用机制。试验设无添加剂的对照组和添加2.0% ABP的试验组Ⅰ、2.0% ABP与饲用菌混合添加的试验组Ⅱ,分别进行红高粱和甜玉米的发酵试验,检测其发酵品质及消化率。结果表明：①试验组Ⅰ红高粱和甜玉米青贮pH降至3.90和3.28,感官评定均属于优质青贮饲料。②对于红高粱青贮,与对照组相比,试验组干物质（DM）含量略有提高,但差异不显著（P>0.05）,粗蛋白质（CP）含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,试验组Ⅱ纤维成分略低于对照组,但差异不显著（P>0.05）;各试验组乳酸和乙酸含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）,试验组Ⅱ丁酸含量显著低于其余组（P<0.05）;试验组干物质和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）消化率均高于对照组,但差异不显著（P>0.05）,酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）消化率显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。③对于甜玉米青贮,各试验组干物质和纤维含量均低于对照组,但差异不显著（P>0.05）,粗蛋白质含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;试验组Ⅰ乳酸含量显著高于其余组（P<0.05）,试验组Ⅱ乙酸含量显著高于其余组（P<0.05）,而各试验组丁酸含量显著高于对照组（P<0.05）;试验组各养分消化率均低于对照组但高于未发酵原料,其中干物质和酸性洗涤纤维消化率差异显著（P<0.05）。④SEM结果表明,青贮过程中ABP通过破坏红高粱表面蜡质层促进饲用菌的黏附,并降解其细胞壁纤维成分而改善了青贮发酵品质并提高消化率;但ABP对青贮甜玉米蜡质层及细胞壁纤维结构破坏作用不明显。综上,添加ABP可提高红高粱青贮的发酵品质和养分消化率,但对甜玉米青贮的作用不大。 相似文献
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of amino acid by-products(ABP) on fermentation quality and digestibility of red sorghum and sweet corn,and explore the mechanism of action by scanning electron microscopy(SEM).There was a control group without additives,an experimental group Ⅰ with 2.0% ABP,and an experimental group Ⅱ with 2.0% ABP mixed with forage fungus for red sorghum and sweet corn,respectively.The results showed that:①2.0% ABP reduced the pH of red sorghum and sweet corn silage to 3.90 and 3.28 respectively,and they were belonged to the high-quality silage range by sensory evaluations.②For the red sorghum silage,compared with the control group,the dry matter (DM) contents of the experimental groups were slightly increased,but the difference were not significant (P>0.05),while the crude protein (CP) contents were significantly increased (P<0.05).The fiber content of the experimental group Ⅱ was slightly lower than the control group,but the difference was not significant (P>0.05).The lactic acid and acetic acid contents of experimental groups were significantly higher than that of control groups (P<0.05).The content of butyric acid in experimental group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05).The dry matter and neutral washing fiber (NDF) digestibilities of the experimental groups were higher than the control group,but the difference were not significantly (P>0.05),and acidic washing fiber(ADF) digestibility was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05).③ For sweet corn silage,the dry matter and fiber contents of experimental groups were lower than those in the control group,but the differences were not significant (P>0.05),the crude protein content was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).The lactic acid content of the experimental group Ⅰ was significantly higher than the other groups (P<0.05),the acetic acid content of experimental group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P<0.05),and the butyric acid content of each experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05).The digestibilities of the experimental groups were lower than the control group but higher than the raw materials,and the differences of dry matter and acid washing fiber digestibilities were significant (P<0.05).④SEM results showed that ABP promoted the adhesion of forage bacteria by destroying the waxy layer on the surface of red sorghum silage,and degraded the cell wall fiber components to improve the quality of the silage fermentation and improve the digestibility during the silage process.But the destructive effect of ABP on sweet corn silage was not obvious.In conclusion,the addition of ABP could improve the fermentation quality and digestibility of red sorghum,but the effect on sweet corn silage was not obvious. 相似文献
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【目的】 研究适量的氨基酸副产物（amino acid by-products,ABP）对白高粱发酵品质及其消化率的影响,为减轻环境污染及新型饲料添加剂的开发与利用研究提供思路。【方法】 研究中设无任何添加剂的对照组与添加ABP、ABP+饲用菌的2个试验组进行白高粱青贮发酵试验,通过测定饲料成分和体外消化率得出ABP对青贮饲料发酵品质及消化率的影响,并通过扫描电镜（SEM）观察探讨ABP对改善饲料发酵品质及提高消化率的机制。【结果】 研究表明2.0%的ABP添加到白高粱秸秆可降低饲料pH至3.65,与对照组（5.13）差异显著（P<0.05）,感官评分属于优质青贮饲料区间。各试验组乳酸含量（ABP 组：11.95 g·kg-1,混合组：15.14 g·kg-1）极显著高于对照组（3.54 g·kg-1）（P<0.01）、乙酸与丁酸含量（乙酸：ABP组：2.87 g·kg-1、混合组：2.75 g·kg-1,丁酸：ABP组：0.72 g·kg-1、混合组：0.78 g·kg-1）显著低于对照组（乙酸：3.85 g·kg-1、丁酸：1.39 g·kg-1）（P<0.05）,其中ABP+饲用菌的试验组乳酸含量比对照组高了327.85%;各组干物质（DM）含量变化不显著（P>0.05）,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)（ABP组：58.67%,混合组：57.67%）、酸性洗涤木质素（ADL）（ABP组：4.77%,混合组：4.27%）和灰分（Ash）（ABP 组：1.56%,混合组：2.04%）低于对照组（NDF：63.66%、ADL：5.15%、Ash：2.76%）,但差异不显著（P>0.05）,酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)（ABP组：35.77%,混合组：28.63%）极显著低于对照组（40.58%）（P<0.01）,粗蛋白含量（ABP组：9.65%,混合组：9.67%）极显著高于对照组（6.88%）（P<0.01）;各试验组体外消化率 DM（ABP组：74.66%,混合组：80.03%）、NDF（ABP 组：72.74%,混合组：83.08%）和ADF（ABP组：68.29%,混合组：79.56%）均显著高于对照组（DM：60.67%、NDF：48.06%、ADF：44.81%）（P<0.05）;结果表明ABP对青贮饲料发酵品质及消化率有明显的改善和提高作用。由SEM结果可知对照组横切面和表面结构完整、黏附的微生物数量少,而试验组表面结构蜡质层被破坏并黏附着大量的饲用菌、横切面细胞或组织内部黏附大量的饲用菌。以此初步得知ABP改善和提高青贮饲料发酵品质及消化率的机制是除饲用菌提供碳源和氮源外,饲料表面蜡质层被破坏从而促进饲用菌的黏附并降解细胞壁纤维素。【结论】 2.0%的ABP添加到白高粱青贮饲料中可显著提高发酵品质和消化率,对ABP的再利用、减轻环境污染及新型饲料添加剂的开发与利用有很大的经济和社会意义。 相似文献
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