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Detailed chemical studies and RAPD analysis were done in different populations of Podophyllum hexandrum collected from high altitude regions of North Western Himalayas. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed a high degree of genetic diversity among the 12 collected accessions, attributed to their geographical and climatic conditions. HPLC analysis also revealed variation in the concentration of two major marker compounds which lead to the identification of a chemotype. The study demonstrated that RAPD and chemical markers are very useful tools to compare the genetic relationship and pattern of variation among such prioritized and endangered medicinal plants. 相似文献
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The abiotic stresses like drought, heavy metal and salts directly or indirectly influence the global environmental pollution and decrease the agricultural productivity. The stress tolerant plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) play an important role against the abiotic stresses in terms of enhancing the efficacy of soil, plant growth promotion (PGP). Stress tolerance PGPRs have certain specific PGP properties such as hormones synthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, Abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis, enzymes production, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) solubilization, as results which protect various crops during such stress conditions and consequently enhance crop sustainability. Efficient PGPRs isolated from various stress conditions have certainly, more useful against that particular stress. This article highlighted the isolation of various stresses tolerant PGPRs from varieties of crops under different stress conditions and their effect on varieties of crops to enhance their plant growth promotion. 相似文献
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Renu Yadav Meenal Joshi Snehal Wanjari Chandan Prabhu Swati Kotwal T. Satyanarayanan Sadhana Rayalu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(8):5345-5356
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) has been immobilized on chitosan stabilized iron nanoparticles (CSIN) for the biomimetic carbonation reaction. CSIN was characterized using scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared analysis. The effect of various parameters such as pH, temperature and storage stability, on immobilized CA was investigated using a p-NPA assay. Kinetic parameters of immobilized and free CA (K m and V max values) were also evaluated. The K m and V max for immobilized CA was 1.727?mM and 1.189???mol?min?1?ml?1, respectively, whereas for free enzyme the K m and V max was 1.594?mM and 1.307???mol?min?1?ml?1, respectively. It was observed that the immobilized enzyme had longer storage stability and retained 50?% of its initial activity upto 30?days at room temperature. CA immobilized on CSIN has been used for hydration of CO2, and the results were validated by using a gas chromatographic method. Proof of concept has been established for the biomimetic carbonation reaction. Immobilized CA show reasonably good CO2 sequestration capacity of 21.55?mg of CaCO3/mg of CA as compared to CO2 sequestration capacity of 34.92?mg of CaCO3/mg of CA for free CA respectively, under a limiting concentration of CO2 (14.5?mg of CO2/10?ml). 相似文献
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Gaurav?KrishnaEmail author P.?Sairam?Reddy Pramod?W.?Ramteke Pogiri?Rambabu Kailas?Bhagawanrao?Tawar Parthasarathi?Bhattacharya 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2011,14(3):197-204
Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation was performed using embryonic axes explants of pigeon pea. Both legume pod borer resistant
gene (cry1Ac) and plant selectable marker neomycine phosphor transferase (nptII) genes under the constitutive expression of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter (CaMV35S) assembled in pPZP211 binary
vector were used for the experiments. An optimum average of 44.61% successfully hardened dot blot Southern hybridization positive
plants were obtained on co-cultivation media supplemented with 200 μM acetosyringone without L-cysteine. The increased transformation
efficiency from a baseline of 11.53% without acetosyringone to 44.61% with acetosyringone was further declined with the addition
of different concentrations of L-cysteine to co-cultivation media. Transgenic shoots were selected on 50 and 75 mg L−1 kanamycin. Rooting efficiency was 100% on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium with 20 g L−1 sucrose and 0.5 mg L−1 indole butyric acid in the absence of kanamycin. Furthermore, 100% seed setting was found among all the transgenic events.
The plants obtained were subjected to multi- and nochoice tests to determine the behavioral responses and mortality through
Helicoverpa armigera bioassays on the leaf and relate their relationship with the expression of cry1Ac protein which was found to be less in leaf as compared to the floral buds, anther, pod, and seed. 相似文献
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For successful conservation and domestication of a species, evaluation of its genetic diversity by different markers is important. Morphological characteristics, phytochemical variation and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) profiles were generated in different accessions of Podophyllum hexandrum in order to determine the genetic diversity. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed a high degree of genetic diversity among the accessions used in the study. There was also high diversity in the concentration of marker compounds in the collected samples as revealed by HPLC analysis. It is shown that the approaches used in the work successfully discriminate between the accessions of this species and thus they constitute interesting tools to analyze molecular, biochemical and phenotypic diversity within this species. Similarity measurement using UPGMA followed by cluster analysis resulted in formation of many groups based on geographical distribution that generally reflected expected trends between the genotypes. There were also some important exceptions like PW-S, an accession from Wastoorwan, Khrew showing close resemblance to PG-S and PG-B collected from Gulmarg but grown at two different gene banks at Srinagar and Bonera. Further an accession PSH-B from Keller was significantly diverse from the rest of the native genotypes phytochemically, morphologically and at molecular level. RAPD data analysis was found to be significant predictor of phytochemical markers in cultivated P. hexandrum germplasm. Twelve accessions grown in gene bank repository were subjected to RAPD analysis and were assessed for content of podophyllotoxin and podophyllotoxin β-d-glycoside by HPLC. Individual regressions of podophyllotoxin and podophyllotoxin β-d-glycoside by RAPD analysis against HPLC has been found to determine linear values. Strong correlation and a strong association of values of the phytochemical variables and the DNA polymorphism data has been recorded. 相似文献
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Shauna Heffernan Leo Nunn Pdraigín A. Harnedy-Rothwell Snehal Gite Jason Whooley Linda Giblin Richard J. FitzGerald Nora M. O&#x;Brien 《Marine drugs》2022,20(2)
Inducing the feeling of fullness via the regulation of satiety hormones presents an effective method for reducing excess energy intake and, in turn, preventing the development of obesity. In this study, the ability of blue whiting soluble protein hydrolysates (BWSPHs) and simulated gastrointestinal digested (SGID) BWSPHs, to modulate the secretion and/or production of satiety hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK) and peptide YY (PYY), was assessed in murine enteroendocrine STC-1 cells. All BWSPHs (BW-SPH-A to BW-SPH-F) (1.0% w/v dw) increased active GLP-1 secretion and proglucagon production in STC-1 cells compared to the basal control (Krebs–Ringer buffer) (p < 0.05). The signaling pathway activated for GLP-1 secretion was also assessed. A significant increase in intracellular calcium levels was observed after incubation with all BWSPHs (p < 0.05) compared with the control, although none of the BWSPHs altered intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentrations. The secretagogue effect of the leading hydrolysate was diminished after SGID. Neither pre- nor post-SGID hydrolysates affected epithelial barrier integrity or stimulated interleukin (IL)-6 secretion in differentiated Caco-2/HT-29MTX co-cultured cells. These results suggest a role for BWSPH-derived peptides in satiety activity; however, these peptides may need to be protected by some means to avoid loss of activity during gastrointestinal transit. 相似文献
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不同沙棘籽提取物的抗氧化和抗菌活性研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
使用Soxhlet提取装置,用氯仿、乙酸乙酯、丙酮、甲醇4种不同溶剂对沙棘籽分别进行8小时萃取。粗提物被用来进行抗氧化和抗菌活性筛选。在离体模型(清除DPPH自由基和脂质体模型系统)中的粉末减少和抗氧化活性评价显示在各种提取物中使用甲醇作为萃取剂的提取物具有最高的抗氧化活性。甲醇提取物也具有最高的抗菌活性。最低抑制浓度(MIC)评价显示,在加入甲醇提取物对蜡状芽孢杆菌、凝结芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、单核细胞增生利斯特菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌进行培养,MIC浓度分别为200,300,300,300,和350ppm。研究结果表明,沙棘种子应用于医药和食品储藏。 相似文献
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Jeetendra Singh Rajoriya Jai Kishan Prasad Snehal Shalik Ramteke Ponraj Perumal Arun Kumar De Subrata Kumar Ghosh Sadhan Bag Archana Raje Mahak Singh Anuj Kumar Arumugam Kumaresan 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(6):726-736
A study was conducted to determine the optimum dosage of the exogenous cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins (CLC) to get maximum cryoprotection for bubaline spermatozoa. In the present study, 120 × 106 spermatozoa were incubated in 2, 3 and 4 mg of CLC as grouped as Gr II, III and IV, respectively, and sperm progressive motility, intracellular Ca2+, capacitation status by protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTP) assay and zona binding per cent (ZBP) and cleavage rate (CR) of the cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa by in vitro fertility assay were assessed in comparison with an untreated control group (Gr I). Results revealed that there was a significant (p < .05) linear decrease in percentage of sperm population with higher intracellular Ca2+ and percentage of sperm population with medium or high capacitated by PTP in CLC treated from 2 to 3 mg and then increased to 4 mg/120 × 106 spermatozoa whereas sperm progressive motility, percentage of sperm population with low capacitated, ZBP and CR were increased significantly (p < .05) in sperm population treated from 2 to 3 mg CLC and then decreased to 4 mg/120 × 106 spermatozoa. The study has clearly indicated that CLC at 3 mg/120 × 106 spermatozoa has maximum beneficial effects in protection of sperm progressive motility, membrane fluidity (low intracellular Ca2+); prevention of cryocapacitation (low capacitation pattern in immunolocalization) and enhancement of in vitro ZBP and CR. Post-thaw motility of the CLC-treated sperm has shown positively significant (p < .05) correlation with sperm population with low intracellular Ca2+, low capacitated sperm population, ZBP and CR, whereas it was negatively (p < .05) correlated with sperm population with high intracellular Ca2+, medium or high capacitated sperm. The present study has revealed for the first time that incubation of spermatozoa with CLC of higher dose (>3 mg/120 × 106 spermatozoa) had adverse effects on sperm cryopreservation, although incubation of sperm with 3 mg/120 million prior to processing had minimised the freezing–thawing-associated damages in bubaline species. 相似文献
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Pdraigín A Harnedy-Rothwell Neda Khatib Shaun Sharkey Ryan A Lafferty Snehal Gite Jason Whooley Finbarr PM O&#x;Harte Richard J FitzGerald 《Marine drugs》2021,19(7)
Protein hydrolysates from low-value underutilised fish species are potential sources of high-quality dietary protein and health enhancing peptides. Six blue whiting soluble protein hydrolysates (BW-SPH-A_F), generated at industrial scale using different hydrolysis conditions, were assessed in terms of their protein equivalent content, amino acid profile and score and physicochemical properties in addition to their ability to inhibit dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and stimulate the secretion of insulin from BRIN-BD11 cells. Furthermore, the effect of simulated gastrointestinal digestion (SGID) on the stability of the BW-SPHs and their associated in vitro antidiabetic activity was investigated. The BW-SPHs contained between 70–74% (w/w) protein and all essential and non-essential amino acids. All BW-SPHs mediated DPP-IV inhibitory (IC50: 2.12–2.90 mg protein/mL) and insulin secretory activity (2.5 mg/mL; 4.7 to 6.4-fold increase compared to the basal control (5.6 mM glucose alone)). All BW-SPHs were further hydrolysed during SGID. While the in vitro DPP-IV inhibitory and insulin secretory activity mediated by some BW-SPHs was reduced following SGID, the activity remained high. In general, the insulin secretory activity of the BW-SPHs were 4.5–5.4-fold higher than the basal control following SGID. The BW-SPHs generated herein provide potential for anti-diabetic related functional ingredients, whilst also enhancing environmental and commercial sustainability. 相似文献