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V. Arthy R. Venkataramanan S. N. Sivaselvam C. Sreekumar D. Balasubramanyam 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(7):1463-1471
The Network Project on Sheep Improvement (NWPSI)–Madras Red field unit is a group breeding scheme involving 198 farmers’ flocks of Madras Red sheep in which selection for growth traits and rotation of rams have been practised for over two decades. Growth data collected from these flocks were used to evaluate the performance and understand the direct and expected responses to selection based on genetic parameters. The body weight at birth (BW), weaning weight (WW), 6-month weight (6W), 9-month weight (9W), 12-month weight (YW), pre-weaning average daily gain (ADG1, birth to 3 months), post-weaning ADG2 (3–6 months), ADG3 (6–9 months), ADG4 (9–12 months) and ADG5 (3–12 months) were 2.67, 10.05, 14.56, 18.36, 21.36, 80.13, 49.05, 43.00, 34.21 and 41.18 g, respectively. Univariate analyses were carried out using animal and sire models to estimate variance components. Heritability obtained from animal model for BW was 0.36 and the values for other body weight traits were almost unity. Heritability estimate for pre-weaning ADG1 was 0.31. Very high genetic variability was observed in spite of long-term selection and this sustenance of variability is one of the main advantages of a group breeding scheme, combining several flocks of smaller size. An increasing genetic and phenotypic trend was noticed for almost all the traits studied. The expected responses calculated based on genetic parameters also indicated scope for improvement. 相似文献
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A rapid MTT colorimetric assay to assess the proliferative index of two Indian strains of Theileria annulata 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Saravanan BC Sreekumar C Bansal GC Ray D Rao JR Mishra AK 《Veterinary parasitology》2003,113(3-4):211-216
A study was undertaken to compare the proliferative index of macroschizont-infected lymphoblastoid cells of two Indian strains [Izatnagar (IZT) and Parbhani (PBN)] of Theileria annulata by an in vitro MTT [3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide], colorimetric assay. Culture conditions were standardized to define the optimal cell concentration in 96-well microculture plates to yield nearly 100% living cells for measurement of the metabolized formazan activity. A cell concentration of 1.5x10(5) cells/ml was found to be optimal for effective discrimination of the parasite strains. On the basis of conversion of MTT by the actively proliferating lymphoblastoid cells, the PBN strain of T. annulata stimulated a 2.5-fold increase in formazan activity in comparison to the IZT strain. The in vitro MTT assay was found to be a simple and convenient method for assessing the cell activation rate and growth, obviating the need for radioactive material for the assay. The results of the proliferation assay are discussed in relation to previously documented information on the biological characteristics of this important pathogen of cattle. 相似文献
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Monocytes from a buffalo were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium following separation of plasma by the erythrocyte sedimentation technique and subsequent separation of mononuclear cells by density gradient centrifugation. Growth of an organism considered to be Ehrlichia bovis was noticed in the cultured monocytes after 10 days. The inclusions were considered to be those of E. bovis from their morphology, staining characteristics and growth characteristics in culture, and by indirect immunofluorescence examination with an anti-E. canis serum. The utility of peripheral blood monocyte cultures opens the possibility of diagnosing the carrier status of ehrlichiosis in animals. 相似文献
4.
Twenty-four adult Indian elephants (Elephas maximus indicus) of both sexes and different ages and weights, belonging to the Temple Devaswoms, the Forest Department of the Government of Kerala and the Gemini Circus formed the experimental subjects from which formulae were derived to predict the total surface area from either body measurements or areas of individual regions. Several models, using the parameters studied either singly or in combination, were tried independently for males and females and also for adults irrespective of sex. The best prediction of total surface area (S) in m2 was obtained for adults irrespective of sex by using the two parameters, the height at the shoulders (H) in m and forefoot pad circumference (FFC) in m in the formula S=–8.245+6.807H+7.073FFC. No significant improvement in the accuracy of prediction resulted from the use of the independent best fit formulae for males and females. The conventional method of using the exponential of body weight (kg) for predicting suface area was not found to yield an equivalent accuracy in these animals. 相似文献
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The propagation of cassava through true seeds (sexual seeds) rather than by clones is a promising option due to its manifold advantages such as enhancing the multiplication rate, keeping the dreaded cassava mosaic disease (CMD) under check, longer seed viability, ease of storage and transport. The high genetic heterogeneity and consequent variation among seedlings is the major stumbling block in sexual propagation. In the present study, a CMD resistant exotic accession MNga-1 and a promising cultivar Ambakadan with profuse fruit setting, seed output and male sterility were identified to be promising parents for the TCS programme. The rate of sexual propagation could be more than 20-fold over the traditional clonal propagation. Seed treatment with 1% KNO3 or 300 ppm GA promoted uniform seed germination and seedling vigour and reduced the transplanting period from 45 days after planting (DAS) to 30 DAS. Removal of taproots of seedlings while transplanting enhanced tuber development. Tuber yield of first clones (C1) was significantly superior to that of the seedlings. The dry matter content and starch output of seedlings and first clones were comparable to that of the commercial varieties. Similarly, the HCN and cooking quality of seedlings and first clones were at acceptable levels. In the open pollinated (OP) progenies of the Ambakadan the CMD infection increased drastically due to secondary spread of the pathogen. The hybrid progenies of Ambakadan and the CMD resistant line MNga-1 revealed higher percentage of CMD free seedlings and first clonal progenies in the evaluation trials conducted at CTCRI Thiruvananthapuram and ARS, Peddapuram during 2001–2002 and 2002–2003. Nearly homogeneous hybrid population resistant to CMD could be obtained by systematic roguing at seedling and first clonal stage. 相似文献
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Isolation of Neospora caninum from naturally infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Attempts were made to isolate Neospora caninum from naturally infected white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). A total of 110 deer killed during the 2003 hunting season in Virginia region were used for the isolation of N. caninum. Of these, brains from 28 deer that had NAT titer of 1:200 were inoculated into interferon-gamma gene knock out (KO) mice. N. caninum was isolated from the tissues of three deer and all three isolates were mildly virulent to KO mice. Only one of the isolates could be adapted to in vitro growth. Protozoa in the tissues of KO mice reacted with N. caninum-specific polyclonal antibodies and N. caninum DNA was demonstrated in infected tissues by PCR assays; sequences of portions of the ITS-1 and gene 5 loci were identical to those in the public database. This is the first record of in vitro isolation of N. caninum from white-tailed deer and lends credence to the white-tailed deer as an intermediate host for this parasite. 相似文献
9.
Venkataramanan Ragothaman Sreekumar Chirukandoth Anilkumar Rishipal Selvaraj P. Vidhya Nainar M. Mathagowder Iyue 《Tropical animal health and production》2010,42(5):1027-1029
Silage, which is anaerobically fermented green fodder, is valued throughout the world as a source of animal feed during lean
months. Several farms in India use carbohydrate sources like jaggery or molasses at 2% for preparation of silage, and this
increases cost of production. The present study was undertaken to assess the effect of jaggery on quality and intake of maize
silage, with an objective to find out whether additional carbohydrate source is essential in preparation of silage using green
maize. Three silage types, one without jaggery (A), the second with 1% jaggery (B), and the third with 2% jaggery (C) were
prepared in cylindrical bins under similar conditions. They were compared for colour, pH, lactic acid bacteria count, lactic
acid content, proximate composition and silage intake by sheep. Silage type C with 2% jaggery was significantly different
from the other two types with values of 3.98 and 805.66 g for pH and mean silage intake, respectively. Even though the values
of pH and dry matter intake for all three silage types were within normal levels, silage type C was significantly superior
in terms of fermentation and palatability. The method of preparation followed could be ideal for small holder farmers requiring
less quantity of silage. 相似文献
10.
R. Venkataramanan C. Sreekumar S. Krishnakumar R. Anil Kumar J. Selvaraj 《Equine Veterinary Education》2018,30(7):356-359
This case report describes a rare case of vaginal myxoma in a Kathiawari mare. The tumour, located on the left lateral vaginal wall, measured approximately 20 cm in diameter and resulted in dysuria, inappetance and loss of condition of the animal. Surgical enucleation of the tumour via a vaginal approach resulted in uneventful recovery of the horse. Based on the gross and histopathological observations, the tumour was diagnosed as a myxoma. 相似文献