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Yaxin Li Matthew R. Gronquist Guixia Hao Michele R. Holden Anatol Eberhard Russell A. Scott Michael A. Savka Erno Szegedi Sandor Sule Thomas J. Burr 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2005,67(6):101
Agrobacterium vitis causes crown gall disease on grapevines. It also induces a specific necrosis on grape roots and a hypersensitive response (HR) on tobacco that are regulated by a complex quorum-sensing regulatory system. Strain F2/5 produces at least six N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) that function as signal molecules in quorum-sensing. The AHLs differ in acyl side chain length (8–16 carbons) as determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Mutant derivatives of F2/5 differ in ability to cause necrosis and the HR and show variable AHL profiles as determined by a thin-layer chromatography/biosensor assay. All wildtype A. vitis strains revealed the presence of long-chain AHLs regardless of tumorigenicity or ability to cause the HR. Whereas genes encoding long-chain AHLs are predicted to reside on the F2/5 chromosome, the determinants for short-chain AHLs were shown to be located on conjugal plasmids. 相似文献
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NIHAT TURSUN IRFAN ERSIN AKINCI AHMET ULUDAG ZULEYHA PAMUKOGLU DOGAN GOZCU 《Weed Biology and Management》2012,12(2):109-115
Direct seeded red pepper is a cash crop in Kahramanmara? province of Turkey as well as some other nearby provinces. Weeds are a major constraint in red pepper production. Field studies were conducted to determine critical period for weed control (CPWC) in direct seeded spice pepper in Kahramanmara?, in 2008 and 2009. The CPWC in red pepper based on a 2.5%, 5% and 10% acceptable yield loss (AYL) was calculated by fitting logistic and Gompertz equations to relative yield data. The CPWC in red pepper was determined from 0 to 1087 growing degree days (GDD) in 2008 and from 109 to 796 GDD in 2009 for 10% AYL after crop emergence in red pepper. For 2.5–5% AYL, the CPWC starts with germination and lasts until harvest. Direct seeded red pepper is very vulnerable to weed competition and weed control programs for direct seeded spice pepper in Turkey should include pre‐emergence and residual herbicides. 相似文献
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This paper reports on an unusual case of pleural epitheloid mesothelioma in a nine-month-old male, mixed breed dog. The dog was presented in-extremis and, on post mortem examination, multiple, exophytic, frequently pedunculated, yellowish-red, soft to firm masses ranging from 3 mm to 6 cm in diameter were diffusely distributed over, and attached to, the pericardial and parietal pleural surfaces. Microscopically, these masses consisted of round to partially polygonalshaped, anaplastic cells with minimal cytoplasm and hyperchromatic nuclei covering papillomatous projections or as part of more densely cellular masses. A supporting fibrovascular stroma and mitotic figures were also evident. Constituent tumour cells were labeled positively with antibodies against both vimentin and cytokeratin. In contrast, the same cells exhibited equivocal labeling with an antibody directed against calretinin antigen and did not label with antibodies against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and milk fat globule-related antigen (MFGRA). Such tumours are rare in dogs, particularly in such a young animal. 相似文献
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HUSREV MENNAN MATHIEU NGOUAJIO MEVLUT SAHIN DOGAN ISIK EMINE KAYA ALTOP 《Weed Biology and Management》2012,12(1):29-39
The occurrence of herbicide‐resistant weeds has boosted interest in the use of crop allelopathy as a potential alternative to herbicides for weed control in rice (Oryza sativa). The phytotoxic compounds that are released by rice could help to enhance its competitive ability and improve weed management. This study aimed to screen rice genotypes for phytotoxic activity, quantify the amount of momilactone B in various rice tissues, and identify the potential parental lines for quantitative trait locus analysis. Therefore, a total of 41 cultivars from germplasm collections was evaluated for their effects. Significant differences were found among the rice cultivars in their ability to reduce the germination, root growth, and root dry weight accumulation of Alisma plantago‐aquatica. The leaf extract was the most inhibitory to germination. Out of the five cultivars that were tested, momilactone B was detected in four of them: Marateli, Kizilirmak, Karadeniz, and Kiziltan. Karadeniz and Kiziltan were identified as the rice cultivars with a high momilactone B content in the tissues and therefore they could be used in breeding programs to enhance the phytotoxic potential of rice. The development of a rice cultivar with proven allelopathic characteristics could provide an environmentally friendly and low‐cost approach for the control of A. plantago‐aquatica. 相似文献
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Sule DOGAN Melissa C. MASON Aruna GOVINDARAJU Lauren BELSER Abdullah KAYA John STOKES Dennis ROWE Erdogan MEMILI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(1):18-26
Male fertility, the ability of sperm to fertilize and activate the egg and support early
embryogenesis, is vital for mammalian reproduction. Despite producing adequate numbers of
sperm with normal motility and morphology, some males suffer from low fertility whose
molecular mechanisms are not known. The objective was to determine apoptosis in sperm from
high and low fertility bulls and its relationship with male fertility. DNA damage,
phosphatidylserine (PS) translocation, and expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins
(BAX and BCL-2) in the sperm were determined using TUNEL, Annexin V, and immunoblotting
approaches, respectively. Amounts of apoptotic spermatozoa were 2.86 (± 1.31) and 3.00 (±
0.96) in high and low fertility bulls, respectively (P=0.548), and were not correlated
with fertility. There was a negative correlation between early necrotic spermatozoa and
viable spermatozoa (r = –0.99, P<0.0001). Fertility scores were correlated with live
spermatozoa detected by eosin-nigrosin test and necrotic spermatozoa determined via flow
cytometry (r = –0.49, P<0.006 and r = –0.266, P<0.0113, respectively). BAX level was
higher in low fertile group than high fertile group; however, this difference was not
statistically significant due to the variations of bull samples (Bull 1–3
vs. Bull 4–5) in low fertile group (P<0.283). BCL-2 was not
detectable in any of the sperm samples. The results shed light onto molecular and cellular
underpinnings of male fertility. 相似文献
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Oviposition deterrents have potential to prevent arthropod pest infestations making the crop habitat less or no favorable for pests to lay eggs and even to settle. In this study, seed oils of maize, safflower, rapeseed and castor oil plant were evaluated in the field between years of 2015 and 2016 for their oviposition deterrent activity against winterform females of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri (L.) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), the most important insect pest of pears in Turkey. All the oils were used at three different concentrations, 1, 1.5 and 2 L/100 L water including 0.01% Tween-20 for a good mixture and applied at the dormant period (just before the first eggs were deposited by overwintered females). Only one application was made each year. Oviposition deterrency was evaluated by counts of eggs deposited by overwintered females of the pest on treated dormant shoots during the sampling times 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application. The results showed that significant reductions in total numbers of eggs laid by winterform females were observed in all the oil-treated plots compared with the controls sprayed with tap water including Tween-20 (0.01%). Safflower and castor oils exhibited 100% oviposition deterrent activity at all the concentrations during the 3 weeks period in both years. Even after 4 weeks, the deterrency of these oils was higher than 70%. In the control plots, the first eggs were deposited by overwintered females within 3 days after application in both years. These findings suggest that these oils are promising oviposition deterrents against winterform females of C. pyri. 相似文献
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