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1.
The total antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and reducing power of methanol and water extracts of four lichen species, Bryoria fuscescens, Dermatocarpon intestiniformis, Peltigera rufescens and Pseudevernia furfuracea, were determined in vitro. Water and methanol extracts of P. rufescens showed the highest antioxidant activity. However, there was no correlation between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of the extracts. Although the methanol extract of P. furfuracea had the highest total phenolic contents, it exhibited low antioxidant activity. In contrast, there was a strong correlation between reducing power and total antioxidant activity of the extracts. The highest reducing power was determined for the methanol extract of P. rufescens. 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the thermal modification process by hot-press on the wettability and surface roughness characteristics of the eucalyptus wood boards. The roughness measurements, average roughness (Ra), and maximum roughness (Rmax) were taken both parallel and perpendicular to the grain using a fine stylus tracing technique. Contact angle measurements were obtained using a goniometer system connected to a digital camera and computer system. The results showed that surface roughness values of the modified wood boards using a hot-press significantly decreased with increasing press pressure and with decreasing temperature. The contact angle measurements indicated that the thermal modification had a significant influence on the surface wettability of the wood boards. Statistical analyses showed significant differences in the surface roughness and contact angle values of the wood boards following thermal modification. The results acquired in this work provide important information for future research and utilization of the thermally modified wood boards. 相似文献
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Isabel M Hulley Nicholas J Sadgrove Patricia M Tilney Gulmira Özek Suleyman Yur Temel Özek 《African Journal of Range and Forage Science》2018,35(2):137-145
Pentzia incana is one of the most important of all natural pasture plants in the dry interior (Karoo) region of South Africa. This highly aromatic shrub is thought to be responsible for the distinctive flavour of Karoo lamb (a registered geographical indication), yet the essential oil is here characterised for the first time. Leafy twigs are traditionally chewed for relief of stomach ache. Essential oil is associated with numerous small, multicellu- lar glands. Gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis of 17 essential oil samples from five populations showed considerable variation in both yield (0.12% to 0.88% dry weight) and composition. Of interest was the presence of one major biosynthetic group comprising yomogi alcohol (to 38.9%), artemisia alcohol (to 26.1%), artemisia ketone (to 35.0%) and artemisyl acetate (to 9.4%). High levels of fragranol (26.9%) and fragranyl acetate (27.1%) were observed only in a single specimen. Other main compounds were 1,8-cineole (to 16.7%), santolina alcohol (to 11.3%), camphor (to 47.9%), linalyl acetate (to 17.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (to 11.8%). Six of the 10 major compounds were isolated and their identities confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The volatile compounds may possibly be linked to the medicinal use of P. incana, as well as the flavour profile of Karoo lamb. 相似文献
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In this study, natural radioactivity concentrations of fish feed and feed raw materials were assessed. Several feeds and raw materials were provided from the suppliers who dominate the aquaculture sector. 226Ra, 232Th and 40K concentrations were determined by using a high‐purity germanium detector. The measured activity concentrations of samples ranged from 3.28 ± 0.27 to 15.90 ± 1.36, from 1.27 ± 0.10 to 12.07 ± 1.21 and from 52.01 ± 2.60 to 1,158.96 ± 54.42 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 232Th and 40K respectively. The gamma dose rate and annual effective dose rate of samples were calculated to be in the range of 1.99–50.47 nGy/h and 2.44–61.89 µSv/yr respectively. Since the calculated radiological risk parameters of the samples were lower than the world wide average values, the radiation hazard is insignificant for human handlers. 相似文献
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Dabak M Karapinar T Gulacti I Bulut H Kizil O Aydin S 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2007,21(3):514-518
BACKGROUND: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection is one of the causes of hemorrhagic diathesis in cattle but there have been limited field studies about that condition. HYPOTHESIS: To identify the cause of hemorrhagic diathesis in calves and describe its clinical findings. ANIMALS: Five calves from a farm with 150 dairy cows. METHODS: Clinical examination of the calves was performed. After blood samples were obtained from 2 calves, whole blood, sera, and leukocyte samples were used for hematologic and hemostatic examinations, neutralization tests, virus isolation, and viral genome sequencing. RESULTS: The calves had moderate pyrexia, dullness, serous or mucous nasal discharge, and petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhages on mucosal surfaces. Severe thrombocytopenia and anemia were identified on hematologic examinations. All calves died within 10 days of the onset of clinical signs. Virologic examinations identified BVDV as the causative agent of the disease. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: This paper identifies a hemorrhagic syndrome-like disease in calves with bovine viral diarrhea and mucosal disease complex in Turkey. 相似文献
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Esra Ucar Yasar Ozyigit Nuraniye Eruygur Dilek Güven Süleyman Yur Kenan Turgut 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(3):291-302
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a perennial and subshrub herb of the Asteraceae family, which originates from South America. Stevia has long been used as a sweetener and herbal medicine throughout the world. The most important feature of stevia is its sweetness with zero calories. This natural feature of Stevia is of utmost importance to everyone, especially those with diabetes and those who diet. In this study, samples were taken from Stevia rebaudiana plants of different ages (2, 3 and 4 years) in different growth periods (H1: 1 July, H2: 1 August, H3: 1 September and H4: 1 October) and an evaluation was made on the nutritional content values, the chlorophyll and sugar rates found in these samples according to the age and growth period of the plant. It was determined that the age of the plant and the harvesting period had an effect on the macro-micro nutritional elements, and chlorophyll and steviol glycoside rates contained in the stevia plant. In addition, as a result of correlation analysis, significant correlations were determined between the parameters measured in the plant. The results of the study demonstrated that in the cultivation of stevia, the best values were obtained from plants that were 3 years old and harvested in July. 相似文献
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Krassimir D. Naydenov Michel K. Naydenov Alexander Alexandrov Kole Vasilevski Georgi Hinkov Vlado Matevski Biljana Nikolic Venceslas Goudiaby Dave Riegert Despina Paitaridou Andreas Christou Irina Goia Christopher Carcaillet Adrian Escudero Alcantara Cengiz Ture Suleyman Gulcu Veselka Gyuleva Srdjan Bojovic Lorenzo Peruzzi Salim Kamary Anatoly Tsarev Faruk Bogunic 《European Journal of Forest Research》2017,136(5-6):767-786
The historical changes in European Black Pine population size across the whole natural distribution in Europe and Asia Minor were analyzed facing the Plio-Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. Thirteen chloroplast SSRs and SNPs markers have been studied under the assumptions of “neutral evolution.” Populations and meta-populations had different histories of migration routes, and they were strongly affected by complex patterns of isolation, fragmentation, speciation, expansion (1.88–4.28 Ma), purification selection (2.09–21.41 Ma) and bottleneck (1.85–21.76 Ma). A significant number of populations (min. 29–41%) were in equilibrium for very long periods. Generally, the bottleneck revealed by chloroplast DNA is weaker than the bottleneck revealed by nuclear DNA. The N e immediately after the bottleneck reaches between 1820 and 3640 individuals. Generally, the historical effective population sizes shrink significantly for the Tertiary period from 10–15 up to 2.5 Ma in Western Europe (by 82%), followed by Asia Minor (69%) and the Balkan Peninsula (28%), likely resulting from important climatic changes. The rates and frequencies of stepwise westwards migration waves have been not sufficient to prevent isolation between the meta-populations and to suppress “sympatric speciation.” The migration was weak for the Pliocene, but was maximal for the Pleistocene, and finally silent for the present interglacial period, namely the Holocene. 相似文献
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Suleyman Akbulut Paulo Vieira Alexander Ryss Besir Yuksel Akif Keten Manuel Mota Vera Valadas 《EPPO Bulletin》2006,36(3):538-542
A survey was conducted in the northern conifer forests of Turkey in 2003 and 2004 for the pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus . Wood samples were collected from declining pine trees, located in the following target areas: Düzce, Ankara, Bolu, and Artvin. Nematodes were extracted from over 310 samples and were observed and identified. B. xylophilus was not detected in any samples. Bursaphelenchus species were only found in 6% of the samples. From the B. xylophilus -group, only the species B. mucronatus was reported. Species identification was performed from morphological characters, particularly male spicules, and by molecular analysis with ITS-RFLP. 相似文献
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