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STEPHEN D. GILSON DVM DONALD L. PIERMATTEI DVM PhD DiplomateACVS PETER D. SCHWARZ DVM DiplomateACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》1989,18(2):114-122
Humeroulnar subluxation was treated surgically in 13 dogs with 18 affected elbows using a proximal osteotomy of the ulna that allowed the ulna to elongate dynamically. Distal humeroulnar subluxation was secondary to premature closure of the distal ulnar physis in 16 elbows. One distal subluxation was secondary to a radioulnar synostosis, and one proximal subluxation developed after premature closure of the distal radial physis. The mean follow-up time was 22 months. Twenty-eight percent of the elbows were judged to have excellent results, 22% good results, 50% fair results, and none was judged to have a poor outcome. The presenting lameness grade and the severity of preoperative and postoperative humeroulnar subluxation had significant correlations with the prognosis. Associated orthopedic abnormalities and complications of concurrent surgical procedures affected the outcome in several dogs. Overall, the dynamic proximal ulnar osteotomy was a simple and effective technique for the treatment of uncomplicated humeroulnar subluxation. 相似文献
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CAROLINA I. URRACA DEL JUNCO DARREN J. SHAW MARTIN P. WEAVER TOBIAS SCHWARZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2011,52(6):634-639
Magnetic susceptibility artifacts as a result of metal debris from shoeing are a common problem in magnetic resonance imaging of the equine foot. Our purpose was to determine the suitability of radiography as a screening tool for the presence and location of metallic particles in the equine foot and to predict the size of the resultant magnetic susceptibility artifact. Radiography had 100% sensitivity for detection of metal particles ≥1 mm diameter. Metal particles of known diameter were placed within the hoof wall of 22 cadaver feet and scanned with a low‐field strength MR imaging unit (0.21 T). Magnetic resonance images were characterized by a signal void with a hyperintense rim and adjacent image distortion at the level of the known metal location. T2* weighted sequences were the most and fast spin echo (FSE) sequences the least affected. For all four sequences (T1 gradient echo [GRE]; T2*W GRE; T2 FSE; and short tau inversion recovery FSE), linear relationships were observed between particle and resultant artifact size. Magnetic susceptibility artifact size, location and superimposition on clinically relevant anatomic structures can be predicted radiographically for particles larger than 1 mm. If metal debris cannot be removed, the least artifact‐prone FSE sequences should be selected. 相似文献
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JENNIFER A. REETZ WILFRIED MAÏ KATE B. MURAVNICK MICHAEL H. GOLDSCHMIDT TOBIAS SCHWARZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2006,47(4):321-327
The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of nasal septal deviation and variations of the paranasal sinuses in normal and diseased cats. Prevalence of nasal septal deviation was 86.7%, 68.4%, and 71.4% in cats with rhinitis, neoplasia, and normal cats, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.244). There was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.01) in the magnitude of nasal septal deviation between cats with and cats without nasal disease, using a cutoff value of 1 mm for maximum distance of deviation from midline. There was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.019) between cats with rhinitis and neoplasia when comparing the presence of a mass (7.7% and 53.8%, respectively), but not when comparing for lysis of the septum. Deviation of the frontal sinus septum occurred in 27.7% of all cats, while the sphenoid septum was oblique and eccentric in 96.6% of all cats. The mean length of the frontal sinus was longer in male cats than female cats. The presence of nasal septal deviation alone cannot be used as a criterion to diagnose nasal disease, but cats with rhinitis or neoplasia have more marked deviation than normal cats. The presence of a mass and lysis of the septum were only seen in cats with nasal disease and a mass is more likely to be seen with neoplasia than rhinitis. Male cats have a longer frontal sinus than female cats. Almost all cats have an oblique, eccentric sphenoid septum. 相似文献
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Urinary bladder neoplasms were diagnosed in 20 cats during an eight-year period. Histologic types included angioma, intravenous leiomyoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, haemangiosarcoma, lymphoma, and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Malignant neoplasms (18/20; 90 per cent) and malignant epithelial neoplasms (12/20; 60 per cent) predominated. Adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas were almost as common as transitional cell carcinomas. All adenocarcinomas and most transitional cell carcinomas were exophytic, in contrast to all squamous cell carcinomas and most sarcomas which were endophytic. Metaplastic, hyperplastic, and in situ changes in the adjoining mucosa of the bladder were seen commonly in the cases of epithelial neoplasms; Brunn's nests were associated more with the adenocarcinomas than with the other epithelial tumours. 相似文献
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CAROLINA I. URRACA DEL JUNCO TIM S. MAIR SARAH E. POWELL PETER I. MILNER ALEX F. FONT TOBIAS SCHWARZ MARTIN P. WEAVER 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2012,53(1):71-75
The magnetic resonance (MR) imaging features, signalment, clinical history and outcome of 55 horses with a penetrating sole injury were evaluated. Our aim was to describe MR imaging findings within the hoof capsule, assess the utility of the technique and give recommendations for the optimal MR imaging protocol to evaluate such injuries. Data from five equine hospitals were analyzed retrospectively. The tract was more likely to be visualized in animals scanned within the first week postinjury. There was no significant predisposition based on breed, age, or gender. T2*W transverse sequences were the most useful for assessment of solar penetrations due to their orientation perpendicular to the deep digital flexor tendon, the reduced scanning time, and the T2* capability of enhancing magnetic susceptibility caused by hemorrhage. 相似文献
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RANDI DREES SOPHIE E. DENNISON NICHOLAS S. KEULER TOBIAS SCHWARZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2009,50(1):74-79
Computed tomography (CT) has been applied previously for assessment of canine spinal disease using a multitude of different technical imaging parameters. The purpose of this study was to establish an optimized imaging protocol for the cervical and lumbar canine spine using a single-detector-row helical CT unit. Thin slice thickness (1–2 mm), low pitch (axial scan mode, helical pitch <2), and medium-frequency image reconstruction algorithm significantly improved the visibility of the intervertebral disk and spinal cord. Tube current, helical reconstruction interval, and the use of an additional edge enhancement filter had no significant effect on the visibility of the intervertebral disk and spinal cord. There was also no interaction between the use of an additional edge enhancement filter and image reconstruction algorithm. Use of an additional edge enhancement filter introduced a double ring artifact in the periphery of the spinal canal lumen that did not correspond to the spinal cord or pachymeningeal margin. 相似文献
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ROGER PETTIGREW HELENA RYLANDER TOBIAS SCHWARZ 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2009,50(3):276-278
Brain magnetic resonance images from 42 dogs imaged between 2002 and 2007 were reviewed retrospectively to establish the incidence of trigeminal nerve contrast enhancement. These dogs had otherwise normal MR images and no clinical evidence of trigeminal nerve disease. Contrast enhancement of the entire trigeminal nerve was seen in 39 dogs and in the region of the trigeminal ganglion in all 42 dogs. When contrast enhancement of the trigeminal nerve was observed, the intensity was subjectively less than or equal to that of the pituitary gland. Contrast enhancement of the trigeminal nerve was seen in 42 dogs with no clinical evidence of trigeminal nerve pathology. 相似文献
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CHAD W. SCHMIEDT DVM GERIANNE HOLZMAN CVT TOBIAS SCHWARZ Dr. Med Vet JONATHAN F. McANULTY DVM PhD 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2008,37(7):683-695
Objective— To report survival, complications, and analyze risk factors for survival after renal transplantation (RTr) and cyclosporine‐A based immunosuppression in cats. Study Design— Historical cohort. Animals— Cats (n=60). Methods— Data were obtained from medical records of cats that had RTr. Influence of various perioperative factors on survival and complications was evaluated. Occurrence of postoperative hypertension (HT), seizures, infection, acute allograft rejection (AR), congestive heart failure (CHF), and delayed graft function (DGF) was evaluated. Results— Survival to discharge after RTr was 77.5%. Estimated median overall survival time was 613 days; 6 month and 3 year overall survival proportions were 65% and 40%, respectively. Age, weight, and blood pressure influenced overall survival. Increased preoperative creatinine concentration, blood urea nitrogen, postoperative creatinine concentration, left ventricular wall thickness, and reduced creatinine reduction ratio influenced survival until discharge. HT was identified in 9/30 (30%) cats; however, no risk factors were identified, nor was HT related to seizures. AR was identified in 8/62 (13%) grafts. Infection, predominantly bacterial, developed in 22/60 (37%) cats. CHF occurred in 7/60 (12%) cats before discharge. Cats experiencing CHF were younger, had an increased incidence of heart murmurs, and poor initial graft function. DGF was identified in 5 cats and seizures in 2 cats. Conclusions— RTr affords cats with CRF long survival times. Older cats and cats with severe azotemia, HT, and cardiovascular disease may have increased mortality after RTr. Complications after RTr were common. Clinical Relevance— Clinicians should be aware of these risk factors when recommending feline RTr. 相似文献
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