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Liver fluke infections of cattle in Mali. An abattoir survey on prevalence and geographic distribution 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S. Tembely T. J. Galvin T. M. Craig S. Traore 《Tropical animal health and production》1988,20(2):117-121
Six hundred and ninety two cattle, slaughtered in various abattoirs in Mali between August 1983 and November 1984 were examined for evidence of Fasciola gigantica and Dicrocoelium hospes infections. A great variation in geographic prevalence was observed. Sufficient knowledge was acquired to demonstrate both the importance of fascioliasis in some areas and also the high prevalence of D. hospes in other areas. We suggest that the difference in prevalence from one geographic area to another is influenced by local climatic conditions, presence or absence of rivers and lakes, and differences in livestock management practices by various ethnic groups. 相似文献
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Post-mortem inspections on 51 calves were conducted to investigate acquisition and spectrum of gastrointestinal parasites in young calves in periurban livestock production in Mali. Generalized linear models with herd as a repeated effect were used to test the influence of management, age and season of birth on parasite numbers and diversity. Parasite number and burden increased with age. In the age class 4-13 months animals carried already up to eight different gastrointestinal parasite species. Parasite spectrum found included 11 nematodes, 3 cestodes and 1 protozoan parasite. The most frequent parasite species found were Haemonchus placei (age class 0-1 month: 7%, 1-4 months: 38%, 4-13 months: 69%), Cooperia pectinata (0%, 33% and 44%) and C. punctata (0%, 33% and 38%). Calves born during the rainy season had higher parasite burden and species diversity than calves born during the dry season. Calves kept under modernised management excreted more Strongyloides papillosus eggs than calves kept under traditional management. Calves acquired most of the parasites occurring in adult bovines in West Africa within their first year of life. 相似文献
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Achenef M. Markos T. Feseha G. Hibret A. Tembely S. 《Tropical animal health and production》1999,31(1):15-24
An investigation was carried out at Debre Berhan, Ethiopia, between 1996 and 1997, into the epidemiology of coenurosis in Menz and Horro breeds of sheep. A total of 37 heads from clinically sick and 183 heads from apparently healthy sheep were examined post mortem for the presence of the cystic larvae of Taenia multiceps, of which 37 and 5 heads, respectively, contained 1 to 8 coenurus cysts (diameter 0.8 to 6.5 cm). The bladder worms were located in the cerebral hemisphere in 96% of the cases (43% and 57% for left and right, respectively), 4% being in the cerebellum. Prediction of cyst locations based on the direction of circling and head deviation had a 62% success rate. A retrospective study generated from the health record book at the ILRI Debre Berhan Station in 1992–1996 (199 Horro and 174 Menz) revealed that the incidence of coenurosis ranged from 2.3% to 4.5%. There was no significant breed difference in the incidence. The age of the affected sheep ranged from 4 to 96 months, with a mean of 19.3 months, and 72% of the cases were within the range of 6 to 24 months. In a complementary survey on necropsied stray dogs, 8 out of 17 were positive for Taenia spp. Both studies confirm the endemicity of coenurosis at the ILRI Debre Berhan Research Station. Appropriate strategies for the control of coenurosis are suggested. 相似文献
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Wymann MN Traore K Bonfoh B Tembely S Tembely S Zinsstag J 《Research in veterinary science》2008,84(2):225-231
To acquire the information needed to improve parasite control in periurban cattle production in Mali, repeated sampling of faeces of 694 calves kept around Bamako was done in 2003/2004. The effects of season, age, breed, management type, parasite control and presence of sheep on egg and oocyst counts were determined. A Bayesian model was used with a negative binomial distribution and herd and individual effects, to account for the clustering of calves in herds and the repeated sampling. Interviews were conducted to report the current control strategies. We found eggs of Strongyloides papillosus (Age class 0-1 month: prevalence 39%, 2-3 months: 59%, 5-6 months: 42%), strongyles (14%, 24%, 36%), coccidian oocysts (37%, 68%, 64%) and at low prevalence eggs of Toxocara vitulorum, Moniezia sp., Trichuris sp. and Paramphistomum sp. Season and age effects occurred. Reported utilisation of parasite control was high (92%) but monthly recorded use was significantly lower (61%). 相似文献
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Monica Natalie Wymann Bassirou Bonfoh Esther Schelling Skouba Bengaly Saïdou Tembely Marcel Tanner Jakob Zinsstag 《Livestock Science》2006,100(2-3):169-178
Calf mortality rate and causes of death were studied in peri-urban livestock production systems in Bamako, Mali, for calves born and dying from November 2002 to March 2004. Causes of death for 93 deceased calves were diagnosed from clinical autopsies, reported history of death and parasitic information. Calves originated from traditional, modernized and station management systems. Overall mortality rate was 17% during the first year of life (N = 756 live-births). Mortality rate was significantly lower for traditionally (10%) compared to modernized (19%) or to station managed calves (25%). Total perinatal loss (abortions + stillbirths + perinatal mortality) was 5% (N = 784 gestations). The most important death categories were digestive tract disorders (28%), perinatal mortality (16%) and accidents (14%). Vector-borne and infectious diseases were of low importance. Digestive tract disorders and perinatal mortality were the most important categories of death in modernized management while accidents and starvation were the most important causes of death in traditional management. Digestive tract disorders were more common in modernized than in traditional management (p = 0.02), revealing a serious problem with hygiene in stationary enclosures. With better calf management in regard to hygiene, surveillance and control of milk off-take, overall calf survival may be increased and peri-urban livestock production made more profitable. 相似文献
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S Tembely P A Diarra Y Waigalo A Koumaré G Vassiliades 《Veterinary parasitology》1992,44(3-4):339-342
An abattoir survey on gastrointestinal parasites of the dromedary (Camelus dromedarius) was carried out in March/April 1987 in northern Mali. Parasitological examination of the digestive tract contents of 11 dromedaries revealed that Haemonchus longistipes was the predominant parasite with a prevalence as high as 85.7%. The genera Impalaia, Trichostrongylus, Cooperia, and Oesophagostomum were also recovered, but with a lower level of infection and frequency. The larval stage of the canine cestode Echinococcus granulosus was recorded in a single instance. 相似文献
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L. L. Logan J. T. Goodwin S. Tembely T. M. Craig 《Tropical animal health and production》1984,16(1):1-12
Summary A study was initiated to evaluate two trypanocidal drugs, the prophylactic isometamidium chloride (Trypamidium) and the curative diminazene aceturate (Berenil) as to their potential for long-term maintenance of zebu cattle in a tsetse infested area of Mali. Trypamidium was administered quarterly and Berenil was administered only as animals were found to be positive for trypanosomes. During the 21-month study trypanosomiasis was the most frequently encountered disease in the cattle in the Berenil treatment group with an average of 5·5 reinfections. The predominant trypanosome species encountered wasTrypanosoma vivax and the most important vector wasGlossina palpalis gambiensis. The results indicate that, even though the direct costs for drugs under the two maintenance regimens were almost identical, the use of Trypamidium resulted in a significantly greater annual weight gain, prevented death loss due to trypanosomiasis and resulted in a herd with a greater market value.
Mantenimiento De Ganado Cebu Maure En Una Zona Infestada Por Moscas Tsetse
Resumen Se evaluaron dos drogas contra la tripanosomiasis en Mali. Una profiláctica, Trypamidium, y la otra curativa, Berenil. El Trypamidium (cloruro de isometamidium) se aplicó cada tres meses y el Berenil solo cuando los animales se encontraron positivos. Durante los 21 meses del estudio, tripanosomiasis fue la enfermedad más comunmente encontrada en el grupo tratado con Berenil, con un promedio de reinfección de 5·5. Los tripanosomas predominantes fueron elTrypanosoma vivax y el vector más importante laGlossina palpalis gambiensis. Los resultados del estudio indican que aunque el costo de las drogas para los dos grupos fue casi idéntico, el uso del Trypamidium resultó en un aumento significativo de peso de los animales tratados, previniendo muertes por tripanosomiasis.
Maintien De Bovins Zebu Maure Dans Une Region Du Mali Infestee De Glossines
Résumé Une étude fut entreprise pour évaluer deux médicaments trypanocides, le chlorure d'isometamidium (Trypamidium) à titre préventif et l'acéturate de diminazène (Bérénil) à titre curatif, en ce qui concerne leur valeur potentielle pour le maintien à long terme de bovins zébu dans une zone infestée de glossines au Mali. Le Trypamidium était infecté tous les trois mois et le Bérénil seulement lorsque les animaux s'avéraient porteurs de trypanosomes. Pendant les 21 mois de l'étude, la trypanosomose a été la maladie la plus fréquemment rencontrée dans le groupe traité au Bérénil avec en moyenne 5,5 réinfections. L'espèce trypanosomienne prédominante étaitT. vivax et le vecteur le plus importantGlossina palpalis gambiensis. Les résultats montrent que, bien que le coût direct des médicaments dans les deux régimes de maintien ait été presque identique, l'emploi du Trypamidium a engendré un gain de poids annuel significativement plus grand, a prévenu les mortalités dues à la trypanosomose et conduit à un troupeau de valeur marchande plus élevée.相似文献
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