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1.
Mizuki MAEDA Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Sayaka KITAUCHI Tetsushi HIRANO Youhei MANTANI Yoshiaki TABUCHI Nobuhiko HOSHI 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2021,83(2):344
Fipronil (FPN) is a systemic insecticide that antagonizes the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors in insects. Recently, adverse effects of FPN on mammals have been reported, but most of those were caused by high doses of FPN and additives in the products. We investigated the effects of low-dose pure FPN on the emotional behavior of mice. Nine-week-old male mice conducted behavioral tests 24 hr after FPN administration by gavage at doses of 0.05 or 5 mg/kg based on the no-observed-effect level (NOEL), showed a significant increase in locomotor activity and dose-dependent responses on the time they spent in the central zone in the open field test. Pure FPN below the NOEL dose may affect the emotional behavior of mice. 相似文献
2.
Onishi S Miyata H Inamoto T Qi WM Yamamoto K Yokoyama T Warita K Hoshi N Kitagawa H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(11):1123-1129
It is well known that some caspases in apoptosis is involved in determinant of terminal differentiation and maturation of various cells. Our previous study ultrastructurally clarified the differentiation into M cells from immature microvillous epithelial cells and the redifferentiation from M cells to microvillous epithelial cells in the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE) of rat Peyer's patch. In this study, the difference of epithelial apoptosis between the FAE of Peyer's patch and intestinal villi was immunohistochemically investigated in rat jejunoileum. As a result, cleaved caspase-3 was limited to several epithelial cells at the tip of FAE, whereas almost all of the epithelial cells were cleaved caspase-3 positive in intestinal villi. Cleaved caspase-9 was detected only in a few exfoliating or exfoliated epithelial cells of both FAE and intestinal villi. Nuclear DNA-fragmentation was detected only in several epithelial cells of the tip of FAE, while it was expressed from the middle regions in the intestinal villi. The DNase I expression of the epithelial cytoplasm was much weaker in FAE than in intestinal villi. Bcl-x expression was restricted in the apical cytoplasms of epithelial cells in the FAE, whereas it was restricted in whole cytoplasms in villous epithelial cells. These findings suggest that the progression of the apoptotic process in the epithelial cells of FAE is later than in the intestinal villi, so that the possibility of epithelial differentiation might be remained in the FAE, unlike in the intestinal villi. 相似文献
3.
Kurotaki T Narayama K Arai Y Arai S Oyamada T Yoshikawa H Yoshikawa T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(6):539-541
Histopathologic and electron microscopic observations were given on Langerhans cells (LCs) within the follicular epithelium (FE) and intradermal sweat duct (ISD) of equine "Kasen". By light microscopy, LCs were present in the greatest numbers within the FE and ISD than within the epidermal layer and the normal skin, with an occasional formation of several aggregated foci. By electron microscopy, LCs within the FE and ISD widely extended their dendritic processes between the keratinocytes and contained Birbeck granules (Bgs), mitochondria, rough endoplasmic reticula and ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Numerous Type 2 LCs, with a number of Bgs and endocytosis, and Type 3 LCs, with multivesicular bodies and endosomes of various sizes, were recognized within the FE and ISD, although inactive Type 1 LCs, with a narrow and lucid cytoplasm, were rarely seen. LCs observed within the FE and ISD in the "Kasen" skin lesions might express the particular stage corresponded to recognize, intake and process the antigens which permeate them. 相似文献
4.
Treatment of cow-waste slurry by a microbial fuel cell and the properties of the treated slurry as a liquid manure 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hiroshi YOKOYAMA Hideyuki OHMORI Mitsuyoshi ISHIDA Miyoko WAKI Yasuo TANAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2006,77(6):634-638
Resource recycling and the proper treatment of animal waste to reduce its environmental impact are currently important issues for the livestock industry. A microbial fuel cell (MFC), a new type of bioreactor, is expected to play roles in both waste‐water purification and energy recovery. However, the generation of electricity from cow waste has not yet been examined. In this study, using an MFC, we examined the possibility of generating electricity from dairy‐cow waste slurry, and analyzed the properties of the treated slurry as liquid manure for resource recycling. The MFC treatment of the slurry generated electricity in a dose‐dependent manner, and the maximum power output by the MFC from a 1 g of chemical oxygen demand/L slurry was 0.34 mW/m2. After the MFC treatment, 84% of the biological oxygen demand in the slurry was removed and three essential fertilizer elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) were retained at 84, 70, and 91% levels, respectively. The amount of ammonia nitrogen in the slurry, as an element of fast‐release fertilizer, was increased by 1.9‐fold. Although the treated slurry displayed properties that made it preferable as liquid manure, further studies to improve the electrical power output by the MFC are required for practical use. 相似文献
5.
We conducted three types of short beam shear tests of western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Sarg.) under various span/depth ratios, and examined whether the maximum shear stress was used as the shear strength. The following results were obtained. (1) In the short beam shear tests under the three-point loading method, it was difficult to have the specimen failing by horizontal shear. We thought that this method should not be recommended for determining the shear strength of wood. (2) In the short beam shear tests under the asymmetric four-point loading of the specimen with a rectangular cross-section, the failure caused by horizontal shear occurred under some span/depth ratio range. Nevertheless, this range was dependent on the specimen geometry and was quite restricted. We therefore think that this method should not be recommended for determining the shear strength of wood. (3) In the short beam shear tests under the asymmetric four-point loading of the I-shaped specimen, failure caused by horizontal shear occurred under the span/depth ratio range wider than that applicable for the asymmetric four-point loading of the specimen with a rectangular cross-section. The maximum shear stress was stable in a certain span/depth ratio range and the value of the maximum shear stress is effective as a parameter for comparing the shearing strength of materials with each other. 相似文献
6.
Ehab MOSSAAD Masahito ASADA Daichi NAKATANI Noboru INOUE Naoaki YOKOYAMA Osamu KANEKO Shin-ichiro KAWAZU 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(1):53-58
Bovine babesiosis is a livestock disease known to cause economic losses in
endemic areas. The apicomplexan parasite Babesia bovis is able to invade
and destroy the host’s erythrocytes leading to the serious pathologies of the disease,
such as anemia and hemoglobinuria. Understanding the egress mechanisms of this parasite is
therefore a key step to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this study, the possible
involvement of Ca2+ in the egress of B. bovis merozoites from
infected erythrocytes was investigated. Egress was artificially induced in
vitro using calcium ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin to increase
Ca2+ concentration in the cytosol of the parasite cells. The increased
intracellular Ca2+ concentration following these treatments was confirmed using
live cell Ca2+ imaging with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Based on our
findings, we suggest a Ca2+ signalling pathway in the egress of B.
bovis merozoites. 相似文献
7.
Kosei SAKAI Tomohiro YONEZAWA Hideyuki YAMAWAKI Toshifumi OYAMADA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(10):1319-1322
Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) is a negative regulator of cell proliferation in human
breast cancer. Since there is little information about SSTR2 in canine mammary gland tumor
(MGT), we clarified its distribution and expression level in normal mammary gland, benign
MGT and malignant MGT. SSTR2 expression determined by immunohistochemical staining was
observed in the cytoplasm of luminal epithelial cells. The intensity was negatively
correlated with malignancy: normal tissues and some of the benign tumors had the highest
levels, while the malignant tumors had little or no SSTR2 expression. As for the Western
blotting, SSTR2 protein level in benign tumors was significantly lower than the normal
mammary gland. On the other hand, SSTR2 protein levels in two of three malignant tumors
were higher than the other groups. These results suggest that SSTR2 expression alters
according to the malignancy of canine MGT. 相似文献
8.
9.
Optimal dietary taurine level for growth of juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
GWANG-Sic PARK TOSHIO TAKEUCHI MASAHITO YOKOYAMA TADAHISA SEIKAI 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):824-829
The requirement for taurine in juvenile Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was determined by feeding diets containing various levels of taurine and cystine. Test diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of taurine or with 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of L -cystine were prepared. The basal diet contained 55% protein from white fish meal. These diets were fed to juvenile Japanese flounder with an initial mean bodyweight of 0.9 g (total length (TL) 48 mm) for 5 weeks. Approximately 1.4% taurine content in the diet was required for optimum growth of juvenile flounder. A positive linear relationship was noted between the content of taurine accumulated in the muscle, liver and brain and the level of taurine in the diet. However, there was no increased taurine content in tissues of fish fed the cystine-supplemented diet. In contrast, the fish fed control and cystine-supplemented diets showed higher contents of cystathionine in the tissues. The concentration of cystathionine in tissues rapidly decreased with an increase of taurine in the diet. It was also observed that for each of the dietary groups, a trace amount of taurine was excreted. These results suggest that the taurine content in the diet affects the sulfur amino acid metabolism of juvenile Japanese flounder, and indicate that juvenile flounder are unable to biosynthesize taurine from cystine. 相似文献
10.
Evaluation of shrimp polyculture system in Thailand based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
HISASHI YOKOYAMA JUNYA HIGANO a KUMIKO ADACHI YUKA ISHIHI YOSHIHIRO YAMADA b 《Fisheries Science》2002,68(4):745-750
ABSTRACT: To quantify the contribution by cocultured animals to waste assimilation in an intensive shrimp farm in Thailand, the food web structures of the macrobenthos in a reservoir pond, a shrimp culture pond and water treatment ponds were examined using the stable C and N isotope ratio technique. Seawater for aquaculture was drawn from a creek, and stored in a reservoir pond, used for farming the banana prawn Fenneropenaeus merguiensis in culture ponds, and then recycled through treatment ponds where the green mussel Perna viridis was cultured to remove organic wastes discharged from the farming. The clam worm Nereididae sp. and the mud creeper Cerithideopsilla cingulata in the culture pond had δ 13 C values of −21.0‰ and −18.4‰, respectively, suggesting that shrimp feed (mean δ 13 C = −20.7‰) was the main food source for these species. The δ 13 C analysis also suggested that sediments (−23.7‰) in the reservoir pond and particulate organic matter (POM) (−24.0‰) and/or sediments (−25.0‰) in the treatment pond supplied carbon for most macrobenthic animals. However, green mussels in the treatment pond had a mean δ 13 C value of −20.5‰, suggesting that shrimp feed was the main food source for this species. 相似文献