排序方式： 共有27条查询结果，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Pasqualone A Montemurro C Summo C Sabetta W Caponio F Blanco A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(10):3857-3862
Collina di Brindisi is an Italian extra virgin olive oil that obtained the mark of protected designation of origin (PDO) according to EC Regulation 2081/92. The varietal requirements of the official production protocol of this oil foresee that this oil is prepared from cultivar Ogliarola (minimum 70%) and other Olea europaea L. cultivars that are diffused in the production area, accounting for a maximum of 30%. The aim of this work was to verify the effectiveness of microsatellite analysis in verifying the identity of Collina di Brindisi PDO olive oil. A preliminary assessment of product's quality by means of chemical analyses was also carried out. Microsatellite analysis clarified that the generic name Ogliarola, indicated in the technical sheet of this PDO oil, actually corresponded to the Ogliarola salentina cultivar. Furthermore, the obtained results showed that the examination of a limited number of DNA microsatellites enables the identification of the Ogliarola salentina cultivar in this PDO oil. 相似文献
2.
Background
Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) is a globally important oilseed crop, subjected to intensive genetic and genomic studies. Although classical mutagenesis has successfully been applied to Helianthus genus in the past, we have developed the first sunflower TILLING resource.Results
To balance the maximum mutation density with an acceptable plant survival rate, a 'kill curve' analysis was first conducted with different ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) dosages and different exposure times. According to the germination rate, a treatment with 0.7% EMS for 6 h was chosen. An M2 progeny of 3,651 fertile plants was obtained. Totally, 4.79% of the whole population showed clear aberrant phenotypes. A microsatellite analysis on a representative sample of the original seed stock and mutant lines confirmed the uniformity of the genetic background of plant material. The TILLING procedure was successfully applied to sunflower genome, initially by a CelI-nuclease mismatch cleavage assay coupled with a DNA-pooling level test. To investigate the efficiency of the mutagenic treatment, a pilot screening was carried out on 1,152 M2 lines focusing on four genes, three involved in the fatty acid biosynthetic pathway and one for downy mildew resistance. A total of 9 mutant lines were identified and confirmed by sequencing; thereby, the estimated overall mutation frequency for the pilot assay resulted to be 1/475 kb.Conclusion
A first TILLING population for a high throughput identification of EMS-induced point mutations in sunflower genome has been successfully obtained. This represents a powerful tool to a better understanding of gene function in sunflower. 相似文献3.
Vesco G Buffolano W La Chiusa S Mancuso G Caracappa S Chianca A Villari S Currò V Liga F Petersen E 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,146(1-2):3-8
The aim of the study was to determine the burden of Toxoplasma gondii-infections in sheep in Sicily, southern Italy and the risk factors for infection. Sera from 1961 sheep were collected just before slaughtering from 62 farms located in 8 out of 9 Sicilian administrative districts. The sera were analysed for Toxoplasma-specific IgG antibodies using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sheep less than 4 weeks old were further analysed by ELISA for Toxoplasma-specific IgM-antibodies. Data on farm size and location were obtained from slaughterhouse sanitary reports and through structured telephone interviews of the veterinary officers from public health districts. The overall seroprevalence of Toxoplasma-specific IgG-antibodies were 49.9% (937/1876) by ELISA. Eighty-seven (54/62) percent of the farms had at least one Toxoplasma-positive animal. All the farms fed the animals outdoor on pasture and only one was claiming organic farming. Having cats on the farm, age of the animals, farm size and the use of surface water sources for drinking were all significantly associated with T. gondii-infected animals on the farm. T. gondii infection in mutton used for human consumption is very prevalent, and eating unprocessed sheep and lamb meat has a high risk of transmitting infections to humans. The presence of cats on the farm, farm size and using surface water as drinking water for the animals were risk factors for infection in sheep, with age as a significant confounder. 相似文献
4.
Ana Flavia Camara Bezerra Laura Hecker de Carvalho Wilma Sales Cavalcanti Antonio Gilson Barbosa 《Fibers and Polymers》2016,17(11):1908-1915
Composites were prepared with 13, 23 30 and 40 % fiber and evaluated the mechanical performance in tensile, flexural and impact. The mechanical properties of these composites were also evaluated function of time at 110 °C thermal exposure. Caroa fibers were characterized by techniques such as thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the best mechanical properties were achieved for composites containing 23 to 30 % fiber. The incorporation of 23 % fiber caroa increased both the modulus of elasticity in the tensile test as the flexural strength and impact, the composite with 30 % fiber caroa showed higher tensile strength. The results show that the tensile and flexural strength of the composite decreased with time of thermal exposure. The thermal aging at 110 °C caused a decrease in tensile properties of the composites. 相似文献
5.
Eva van Gorsel Nicolas Delpierre Ray Leuning Andy Black J. William Munger Steven Wofsy Marc Aubinet Christian Feigenwinter Jason Beringer Damien Bonal Baozhang Chen Jiquan Chen Robert Clement Kenneth J. Davis Ankur R. Desai Danilo Dragoni Sophia Etzold Thomas Grünwald Lianhong Gu Bernhard Heinesch Lucy R. Hutyra Wilma W.P. Jans Werner Kutsch B.E. Law Monique Y. Leclerc Ivan Mammarella Leonardo Montagnani Asko Noormets Corinna Rebmann Sonia Wharton 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2009,149(11):1919
Micrometeorological measurements of nighttime ecosystem respiration can be systematically biased when stable atmospheric conditions lead to drainage flows associated with decoupling of air flow above and within plant canopies. The associated horizontal and vertical advective fluxes cannot be measured using instrumentation on the single towers typically used at micrometeorological sites. A common approach to minimize bias is to use a threshold in friction velocity, u*, to exclude periods when advection is assumed to be important, but this is problematic in situations when in-canopy flows are decoupled from the flow above. Using data from 25 flux stations in a wide variety of forest ecosystems globally, we examine the generality of a novel approach to estimating nocturnal respiration developed by van Gorsel et al. (van Gorsel, E., Leuning, R., Cleugh, H.A., Keith, H., Suni, T., 2007. Nocturnal carbon efflux: reconciliation of eddy covariance and chamber measurements using an alternative to the u*-threshold filtering technique. Tellus 59B, 397–403, Tellus, 59B, 307-403). The approach is based on the assumption that advection is small relative to the vertical turbulent flux (FC) and change in storage (FS) of CO2 in the few hours after sundown. The sum of FC and FS reach a maximum during this period which is used to derive a temperature response function for ecosystem respiration. Measured hourly soil temperatures are then used with this function to estimate respiration RRmax. The new approach yielded excellent agreement with (1) independent measurements using respiration chambers, (2) with estimates using ecosystem light-response curves of Fc + Fs extrapolated to zero light, RLRC, and (3) with a detailed process-based forest ecosystem model, Rcast. At most sites respiration rates estimated using the u*-filter, Rust, were smaller than RRmax and RLRC. Agreement of our approach with independent measurements indicates that RRmax provides an excellent estimate of nighttime ecosystem respiration. 相似文献
6.
Toxocara vitulorum, a nematode parasite in the small intestine of cattle and water buffaloes, causes high morbidity and mortality of 1-3 months old buffalo calves. This research evaluated the specific perieneteric antigens (Pe) reactivity of anti-T. vitulorum-Pe antibody (Tv-Pe-Ab) in both immune sera and colostrum from buffalo cows immediately post-partum from buffalo cows. The presence of Tv-Pe-Ab in sera of buffalo newborn calves was also examined at 1 day before and after suckling the colostrum as well as in sera from naturally infected calves at the beginning and peak of the maximum infection and then again during the period of rejection and post-rejection of the parasite. Pe antigens were characterized for Tv-Pe-Ab by SDS-PAGE and Western blot (WB). The SDS-PAGE showed that Pe contained nine protein bands (11, 14, 31, 38, 58, 76, 88, 112 and 165 kDa). All Pe bands were recognized by Tv-Pe-Ab in sera and colostrum of buffalo cows. Only the serum antibodies of buffalo calves at 1 day of age after suckling the colostrum and during the beginning of T. vitulorum infection recognized Pe antigen's nine bands. In contrast, serum antibodies from 1-day-old buffalo calves, taken before suckling colostrum, did not react with any protein band. In suckling calves, which reached peak egg output, rejection and post-rejection stages of the infection, serum Tv-Pe-Ab reactivity with lower molecular weight protein bands (11-76 kDa) was lost and only reactivity with the Pe protein bands of higher molecular weight (88, 112 and 165 kDa) remained. 相似文献
7.
Paltrinieri S Ponti W Comazzi S Giordano A Poli G 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2003,96(3-4):141-148
Cats with feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) are usually lymphopenic and have lymphoid depletion evident in spleen and lymph nodes. In particular, the number of CD4+ lymphocytes in tissues decreases during the evolution of FIP lesions. This decrease is most likely due to increased lymphocyte apoptotic rate. In contrast, cats infected with the Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) develop a follicular hyperplasia in the peripheral lymph nodes. The current study was devised to evaluate the possible pathogenic role of shifts in circulating lymphocyte subsets in FIP. Peripheral blood from cats with FIP was evaluated and compared with peripheral blood from clinically healthy cats living in both FCoV-free and FCoV-endemic catteries. Blood from cats with diseases other than FIP was also examined in order to define the diagnostic relevance of the changes. Lymphocyte subsets were analysed by flow cytometry, using a whole blood indirect immunofluorescence technique and mAbs specific for feline CD5, CD4, CD8, CD21. The results of the current study suggest that cats recently infected with FCoV that do not develop the disease have a transient increase in T cells; cats from groups with high prevalence of FIP have a moderate but persistent decrease in T cell subsets; cats with FIP have a very severe decrease in all the subsets of lymphocytes. Moreover, during FIP many lymphocytes do not express any membrane antigen, most likely due to early apoptosis. Cats with diseases other than FIP also had decreased number of lymphocytes: as a consequence, the diagnostic relevance of these findings is very low. Nevertheless, the lack of flow cytometric changes had a high negative predictive value (NPV), thus allowing to exclude FIP from the list of possible diagnoses in cats with normal cytograms. 相似文献
8.
G. Jager Wilma Hekman Alie Deenen 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1982,88(4):155-161
The subterranean parts of 1585 wild plants (weeds) belonging to 52 species, found in potato fields in the northern part of the Netherlands were examined for the presence ofRhizoctonia solani. The fungus could be isolated from 30 plants belonging to 12 species. Of these isolates 62% proved to be pathogenic to potato sprouts.Some species seemed more frequently colonized byR. solani than others, particularlySolanum nigrum, Elytrichia repens andMatricaria recutita. On some common weeds, viz.Chenopodium album andPoa annua, noR. solani was observed, while about 1% of allPolygonum persicaria were infected.Disease symptoms were only observed once onElytrichia repens as sharp eyespots, presumably caused byR. cerealis.The incidence ofR. Solani on weeds increased markedly towards the end of the growing season.
Samenvatting Wortels, wortelstokken en ondergrondse stengeldelen van onkruiden voorkomend in aardappelakkers in Groningen, Friesland en Drenthe zijn onderzocht op de aanwezigheid vanRhizoctonia solani. Van 1585 planten, behorend tot 52 soorten, herbergde bijna 2%, d.w.z. 29 planten behorend tot 12 soorten,R. solani op de ondergrondse delen. Van dezeRhizoctonia-isolaten bleek 62% aardappelspruiten aan te tasten.Bepaalde onkruidsoorten bleken vaker drager te zijn vanR. solani dan andere. Dit was het geval met kweek, zwarte nachtschade en echte kamille. Op enkele algemene onkruiden als witte ganzevoet en straatgras is geenRhizoctonia waargenomen. Van het algemeen op zandgronden voorkomende perzikkruid bleek ongeveer 1%Rhizoctonia op de wortels te herbergen.Typische ziektesymptomen — scherpe oogvlekken — zijn alleen waargenomen op stengels van kweek. Het voorkomen vanR. solani op onkruiden neemt sterk toe tegen het eind van het groeiseizoen (eind augustus en september).相似文献
9.
Tenório Mda S Oliveira e Sousa L Paix?o Mdos S Alves MF Paulan Sde C Lima FL Jusi MM Tasca KI Machado RZ Starke-Buzetti WA 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(4):608-616
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution. The crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) is considered a wild reservoir of many zoonotical diseases, particularly VL. This study reported the presence of Leishmania infantum amastigotes in different organs of one captive C. thous found dead in a zoo. This animal was positive by the indirect fluorescence antibody test and had many clinical signs of VL. Intracellular amastigote forms of L. infantum were seen in neutrophils and macrophages in sample tissues from skin, lymph nodes (popliteal, submandibular, prescapular, and mesenteric), spleen, and liver. The numbers of positive cells and intracellular parasites were higher in macrophages than in neutrophils. In addition, polymerase chain reaction demonstrated extensive distribution of Leishmania DNA in C. thous tissues from multiple organs. The presence of intracellular amastigotes in neutrophils and macrophages as well as DNA of the parasite in tissues, specifically skin demonstrate that this crab-eating fox is an adequate host for L. infantum and reinforce the importance of VL for symptomatic wild canids kept in captivity in endemic areas. 相似文献
10.
Jan A. Elbers Cor M.J. JacobsBart Kruijt Wilma W.P. JansEddy J. Moors 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2011,151(12):1823-1830
Values for annual NEP of micrometeorological tower sites are usually published without an estimate of associated uncertainties. Few authors quantify total uncertainty of annual NEP. Moreover, different methods to assess total uncertainty are applied, usually addressing only one aspect of the uncertainty. This paper presents a robust and easy to apply method to quantify uncertainty of annual totals of Net Ecosystem Productivity (NEP), related to multiple factors involved therein. The method was applied to NEP observations for a Scots pine forest (Loobos) in the Netherlands. Total uncertainty of annual NEP for the Loobos site was on average ±32 g C m−2 a−1 (±8% of NEP), which is a quarter of the standard deviation of annual NEP (127 g C m−2 a−1). 相似文献