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Fong-Yuan LIN Yeu-Yang TSENG Kun-Wei CHAN Shu-Ting KUO Cheng-Hsiung YANG Chi-Young WANG Masaki TAKASU Wei-Li HSU Min-Liang WONG 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(9):1055-1062
Orf virus (ORFV), a member of parapoxvirus, is an enveloped virus with genome
of double-stranded DNA. ORFV causes contagious pustular dermatitis or contagious ecthyma
in sheep and goats worldwide. In general, detection of viral DNA and observing ORFV virion
in tissues of afflicted animals are two methods commonly used for diagnosis of orf
infection; however, isolation of the ORFV in cell culture using virus-containing tissue as
inoculum is known to be difficult. In this work, the ORFV (Hoping strain) isolated in
central Taiwan was successfully grown in cell culture. We further examined the biochemical
characteristic of our isolate, including viral genotyping, viral mRNA and protein
expression. By electron microscopy, one unique form of viral particle from ORFV infected
cellular lysate was demonstrated in the negative-stained field. Moreover, immunomodulating
and anti-influenza virus properties of this ORFV were investigated. ORFV stimulated human
monocytes (THP-1) secreting proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and TNF-α. And, pre-treatment
of ORFV-infected cell medium prevents A549 cells from subsequent type A influenza virus
(IAV) infection. Similarly, mice infected with ORFV via both intramuscular and
subcutaneous routes at two days prior to IAV infection significantly decreased the
replication of IAV. In summary, the results of a current study indicated our Hoping strain
harbors the immune modulator property; with such a bio-adjuvanticity, we further proved
that pre-exposure of ORFV protects animals from subsequent IAV infection. 相似文献
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Shih-Ying YEN Jung-Kai TSENG Show-Mei CHUANG Shuen-Ei CHEN Jyh-Cherng JU 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2014,60(5):388-394
In this study, we determined the expression and activation of p38 MAPK in matured porcine oocytes subjected to heat shock
(HS). When MII oocytes were heated, only the phosphorylated p38 levels relative to the total p38 levels decreased (P <
0.01) after HS, but no clear relationship with HS treatments was observed in the ERK, JNK and p90rsk expressions
of matured oocytes. To confirm p38 activation in matured oocytes, immunocytochemical staining was performed to localize its
expression and distribution in the ooplasm, and the results were largely consistent with previous Western blot analyses.
Moreover, when matured oocytes were co-cultured with a P38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, for 4 h at 41.5 C, the activation of its
immediate downstream substrate MAPKAPK-2 was not inhibited within any of the treatment groups. It appears that the MAPKAPK2
levels increased only under prolonged culture (HS4h and C4h) compared with the control group. In conclusion, p38 activity in
porcine oocytes was decreased after exposure to HS and prolonged culture. These alterations of p38 and activation of MAPKAPK2
may be associated with porcine oocyte viability under HS conditions, and a potential cross-talk between p38 MAPK and other
signaling cascades may exist, which warrants additional investigation. 相似文献
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A feeding experiment was conducted to determine the dietary calcium (Ca) requirement for juvenile hybrid tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus × O. aureus reared in nature water. Purified diet supplemented with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 10 g Ca kg−1 diet providing of 0.6, 1.6, 2.6, 3.7, 4.7, 5.5, 7.5 and 10.7 g Ca kg−1 diet, respectively, were fed to tilapia (mean initial weight: 0.52 ± 0.01 g, n = 3) for 8 weeks. Each diet was fed to three replicate groups of fish in a closed, recirculating fresh water rearing system. The rearing water contained 27.1–33.3 mg L−1 Ca. The tilapia fed the diets supplemented with ≥3.7 g Ca kg−1 had significantly (P < 0.05) higher weight gain, when compared with fish fed the diet with ≤1.6 g Ca kg−1. Fish fed the unsupplemented control showed significantly lower weight gain when compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Bone Ca concentration was highest in fish fed the diets with ≥4.7 g Ca kg−1, intermediate in fish fed the diet with 2.6 g Ca kg−1 and lowest in fish fed the control diet. Scale Ca concentration was higher in fish fed the diets with ≥3.7 g Ca kg−1 than in fish fed the diets with ≤2.6 g Ca kg−1. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity was 36% increased in fish fed the diets with ≥2.6 g Ca kg−1 than fish fed the diets with <1.6 g Ca kg−1. Analysis by broken‐line regression of weight gain, bone and scale Ca concentrations indicated that the adequate dietary Ca concentration for tilapia in water containing 27.1–33.3 mg Ca L−1 was 3.5, 4.3 and 4.2 g Ca kg−1 diet, respectively, supplied as Ca‐lactate. 相似文献
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Larval Japanese eel (leptocephali) are passively transported from their spawning sites of the North Equatorial Current to the Kuroshio and its branch waters for 4–6 months before reaching the East Asian coasts. The larvae mainly stay within water depths between 50–150 m. The dispersal dynamics of larvae thus should reflect the sub‐surface oceanic currents on the East Asia continental shelf. An analysis of Japanese glass eel catch data in East Asian countries during 1985 to 2009, and for Taiwan from 1968 to 2008, indicates that the overall annual catch is generally correlated across countries of East Asia, and between north and west areas of Taiwan. The Kuroshio and its branch waters disperse glass eels throughout East Asian habitats, and the glass eel distribution matches the flow directionality of oceanic currents. Recruitment in western Taiwan occurs with a sequential southwestern to northwestern direction, suggesting that the Taiwan Strait Current penetrates the western coast of Taiwan in the sub‐surface layer in winter. The monthly averaged sub‐surface 50 m circulation pattern in the vicinity of Taiwan and modeled tracer experiments also support the northward winter sub‐surface current in Taiwan Strait. These results suggest that the larval Japanese eel could serve as a valuable bio‐tracer of sub‐surface currents, and the earlier recruitment dynamics of Japanese glass eels in Taiwan could be a good predictor for the subsequent catch in other East Asia areas. 相似文献
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CHEN‐YI TU YU‐HENG TSENG TAI‐SHENG CHIU MAO‐LIN SHEN CHIH‐HAO HSIEH 《Fisheries Oceanography》2012,21(4):255-268
Adult Japanese anchovies (Engraulis japonicus) migrate from the East China Sea to the coastal region of Taiwan to spawn around late winter and early spring and, later, their larvae constitute important fisheries in Taiwan. However, their migration route and its mechanism remain unclear. To investigate their spawning migration, we used a coupled fish behavior–hydrodynamic modeling approach. The physical field is simulated by the Pacific Ocean adaptation of the TaIwan Multi‐scale Community Ocean Model (TIMCOM) and the fish migration by Lagrangian tracer tracking with the aid of approximation of fish swimming behavior. We investigated three fish behavioral scenarios: (i) passive tracking of the current, (ii) swimming along with the current, and (iii) swimming along with the current and then changing to swimming toward the optimal spawning temperature. The comparison with and without Changjiang discharge is used to investigate the impacts of discharge reduction due to the Three Gorges Dam. Our results suggest that spawning migration of Japanese anchovy from the East China Sea to Taiwan may be aided by the China Coastal Current and that adult anchovies cannot reach the spawning site by passive advection alone. Thus, the swimming behavior of anchovies is crucial during the spawning migration, as it provides extra velocity and the orientation to the favorable spawning grounds. In addition, the adult anchovy is unlikely to reach the coastal area of Taiwan without Changjiang discharge. Our findings indicate that a coupled fish behavior–hydrodynamic model can help understand the influences of physical environment on the migration of Japanese anchovies. 相似文献
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