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1.
Disaster damage levels are matched to county‐level nonprofit activity indicators. Using dynamic panel‐data estimation, nonprofit net assets (and nonprofit revenue to a lesser extent) defined at this local level are found to be positively correlated with disaster event damage levels, consistent with a post‐disaster giving mechanism. Magnitudes are relatively small, suggesting a distributed downstream flow of benefits to local nonprofits from larger national organizations. Furthermore, disaster damage at a lag is associated with only minor increases in the count of local nonprofit organizations at the county level. The relative impacts of assets and nonprofit counts in particular indicate that existing nonprofits have the established credibility and networks to be reliable conduits for post‐disaster asset flows. If local nonprofits are an indicator of regional social capital, the findings suggest that disasters reveal the resilience of social capital structures in the face of crisis along the focal dimension of nonprofit activity. 相似文献
2.
Mohammad H. Ahmad Amani M. D. El Mesallamy Fatma Samir Faten Zahran 《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(4):289-298
Four isonitrogenous (30% crude protein) and isocaloric (4.40 kcal/g) experimental diets were formulated to contain 0.0% (control), 0.5%, 1.0%, or 1.5% cinnamon. The diet containing 1% cinnamon resulted in significantly greater (P < 0.05) specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency ratio (FER), protein efficiency ratio (PER), apparent protein utilization (APU), and energy utilization (EU). In regard to body composition, there was no significant difference in dry matter, protein, lipids, and ash (P > 0.05) contents due to cinnamon supplementation. Blood plasma profile showed an improvement in hemoglobin (HB), red blood cell (RBCS), hematocrite (PCV), total protein, and total lipids, while there was a decrease in creatinin, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and glucose in fish fed 1% cinnamon. Cinnamon was found to have an antibacterial activity antagonistic to Aeromonas hydrophila infection in fish. Performance and FCR improvement translated into a 10% decrease in feed costs associated with the 1% cinnamon diet. 相似文献
3.
El-Gindy Yassmine Zeweil Hassan Zahran Soliman El-Rahman Mohamed Abd Eisa Fawzi 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(3):999-1004
Tropical Animal Health and Production - It is known that using antibiotics by way of growth promoters has harmful side effects on both animals and consumer health due to cross-resistance among... 相似文献
4.
Piscidins are potent, broad‐spectrum, host‐produced antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that appear to constitute the most common AMP family in teleost fish. Here, we show that piscidin 2 has potent activity against the water mould Saprolegnia, one of the most important pathogens of freshwater fish. The minimum oomyceticidal concentration (MOC100) of piscidin 2 against zoospores of three pathogenic isolates of Saprolegnia ranged from 12.5 to 25.0 μg mL?1. This piscidin concentration is well within levels that have been estimated to be present in at least some fish (1–32.5 μg mL?1). In the presence of either copper or malachite green, two drugs commonly used to treat water moulds, there was evidence for partial synergism (PSYN) with piscidin 2. There was also evidence for PSYN after exposure of the ciliate parasite Tetrahymena pyriformis to piscidin 2 plus copper. Our data provide further evidence that piscidins may be an important host defence against skin and gill pathogens and that the piscidin levels in host tissue might influence the success of drug treatments. 相似文献
5.
W. F. Sayed C. T. Wheeler H. H. Zahran A. A. M. Shoreit 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1997,25(4):349-353
Comparison of the effects of temperature on the growth in culture (increase in protein) of Frankia showed that three strains isolated from Casuarina were more tolerant of high temperature (45°C) than a strain from Alnus rubra. Optimal temperatures for growth of the Casuarina strains were in the range 25–30°C. Growth of the Alnus strain was good at 25°C but poor at 37°C. High temperatures (35–40°C) during storage for 7 months of these Frankia strains in sand, inoculated initially with liquid culture or with Frankia incorporated into alginate beads and permitted to dry, resulted in substantial loss of infectivity for the host plant species.
Loss in infectivity was greater with an Alnus Frankia strain than strains from Casuarina cunninghamiana, C. equisetifolia and C. junghuniana. Three Frankia strains from C. equisetifolia were incorporated into a sand/perlite mixture with three different moisture regimes (field moisture capacity – wet: watered
and maintained at field capacity; watered to field capacity but then allowed to dry – moderately wet; or watered to half field
capacity and then permitted to dry – dry) and then stored for 12 weeks at 25°C and 35°C. Assessment by the most probable number
(MPN) technique of the infectivity of the sand mixture for nodulation of C. equisetifolia showed significant interactions between Frankia strain, temperature and soil moisture content. The infectivity of Frankia strains ORS020607 and UGL020602q was not affected by incubation in wet sand at 25°C but fell by more than half after 12 weeks
in moderate and dry conditions. Changes in infectivity were similar when incubation was at 35°C. By contrast, the infectivity
of UGL020603q fell substantially under all moisture conditions and at both temperatures. The data show the importance of screening
for tolerance of both temperature and moisture content when selecting strains for preparation of inoculum for use in hot climates.
Received: 25 January 1996 相似文献
6.
Summary This pharmacological investigation indicates that the juice obtained fromAgave sisalana leaves stimulates the intestinal and uterine musculature, lowers the blood pressure and produces abortion in pregnant animals.
There are some therapeutic possibilities which may be suggested in view of the pharmacological characteristics of the juice;
it is a uterine stimulant, emmenagogue, laxative and hypotensive drug.
with 6 figs. 相似文献
7.
H. H. Zahran 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》1991,12(1):73-80
Summary The Rhizobium-legume symbiosis in arid ecosystems is particularly important for locations where the area of saline soils is increasing and becoming a threat to plant productivity. Legumes, which are usually present in arid ecosystems, may be adapted to fix more N2 under saline conditions than legumes grown in other habitats.Legumes are known to be either sensitive or moderately resistant to salinity. The salt sensitivity can be attributed to toxic ion accumulations in different plant tissues, which disturb some enzyme activities.Among the basic selection criteria for salt-tolerant legumes and rhizobia are genetic variability within species with respect to salt tolerance, correlation between accumulations of organic solutes (e. g., glycine betaine, proline betaine, and proline) and salt tolerance, and good relationships between ion distribution and compartmentation, and structural adaptations in the legumes.Salt stress reduces the nodulation of legumes by inhibiting the very early symbiotic events. Levels of salinity that inhibit the symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia are different from those that inhibit the growth of the individual symbionts. The poor symbiotic performance of some legumes under saline conditions is not due to salt limitations on the growth of rhizobia.Prerequisites for a successful Rhizobium-legume symbiosis in saline environments include rhizobial colonization and invasion of the rhizosphere, root-hair infection, and the formation of effective salt-tolerant nodules.The possibility of exploring the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis to improve the productivity of saline soils is reviewed in this paper. 相似文献
8.
M. K. Zahran 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(2):230-232
Abstract Investigations are being undertaken to develop a practical control measure for broomrape (Orobanche spp.) parasitism of broadbeans. In previous work some candidate chemicals were found to be effective but failed to reach practical use in the field for one reason or another. The present investigation deals with the use of a carbamate compound named terbutol (Azak). In six successive seasons (1966–72) at different localities, terbutol was continuously tested. The findings of the investigations can be summed up as follows: 1. The best results were given by terbutol at the rate of 10 kg/feddan pre-plant, provided that the herbicide was deeply incorporated into the soil by mechanical ploughing. 2. Application of the herbicide as a dust appeared to be acceptable. 3. The broadbean plants were found to be completely tolerant to terbutol: no adverse effects were noticed whatsoever. 4. Terbutol was responsible for an improvement in the host plant development 相似文献
9.
Abstract At two sites in the U.A.R. we investigated the possibility of improving wheat production by spraying 2,4-D amine, mixtures of 2,4-D with dicamba as amine salts, or dicamba alone as the dimethylamine salt. The best results followed application of a mixture of dicamba at 0.084 lb per feddan (90.7 g/ha) with 2,4-D at 0.84–1.12 lb per feddan (907–1210 g/ha). The mixture controlled many species of weeds; it significantly increased the average number of grains per ear, the yield of grain, the protein content of grain and also the yeild of straw. Compared with the hand-weeded controls, treatment with dicamba/2,4-D raised the grain yield by 14% and increased its protein content by 10%. 相似文献
10.
Soliman Mahmoud Abdel Wahab Hamza Ali Fawzy Zahran Nagwan Fahmy Bassioni Ghada 《植物病害和植物保护杂志》2021,128(6):1565-1574
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection - In the present study, one Streptomyces species was isolated from a soil sample that was collected in Khafr El Shikh Governorate. Actinomycetes are... 相似文献