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1.
Among the most important Mediterranean annual crops durum wheat is widely grown in drought-prone areas. Therefore improving water-use efficiency 《分子植物育种》2007,5(2):223-223
Among the most important Mediterranean annual crops, durum wheat is widely grown in drought-prone areas. Therefore, improving water-use efficiency （WUE） of durum wheat represents a major breeding goal. IDu-WUE （Improving Durum wheat for Water Use Efficiency and yield stability through physiological and molecular approaches） is a collaborative project among public and private research centres in Italy, Spain and WANA （West Asia and North Africa） countries （Morocco, Tunisia, Syria and Lebanon） funded by the European Union aimed at investigating the genetic variation for WUE and yield stability in durum wheat grown in Mediterranean droughtprone areas. During the first year of the project, a number of morpho-physiological traits （e.g. early vigour, flowering time, leaf rolling, number of fertile tillers, etc.）, WUE, WUE-related traits （e.g. carbon isotope discrimination, canopy temperature, chlorophyll fluorescence, etc.）, yield and its components have been investigated in a RIL population （249 lines） and a collection of ca. 190 durum wheat accessions characterized by a high level of linkage disequilibrium （Maccaferri et al., 2005）, 相似文献
2.
Genetic polymorphism of plastid DNA in Tunisian date-palm germplasm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) detected with PCR-RFLP 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Sakka Hela Zehdi Salwa Ould Mohamed Salem Ali Rhouma Abdelmajid Marrakchi Mohamed Trifi Mokhtar 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2004,51(5):479-487
Fifteen plastid fragments were amplified from a set of Tunisian date-palm accessions by PCR with consensus primers and analysed by RFLP. Polymorphic DNA bands were obtained as reliable molecular markers to estimate genetic distances among the accessions and to examine their phylogenetic relationships. The ctDNA PCR-RFLP method permitted the identification of two haplotypes that differ in the presence or absence of the HinfI restriction site. Phenetic groups composed of cultivars clustered together but does not constitute monophyletic groups. This typology agrees with the haplotypes' organization and provides a common genetic background within the implied varieties. 相似文献
3.
Juan Eugenio Álvaro María Teresa Lao Mourad Baghour Moumen Abdelmajid 《Journal of plant nutrition》2016,39(8):1057-1062
The growth and essential oil (EO) production of parsley were evaluated in response to salinity and nutrient solution concentrations in a soilless culture. Parsley plants that were 60 days old were potted in a coconut fiber and peat moss medium and were treated with four different nutrient solutions, including T1, T2, T3 and T4. The T1 nutrient solution was the standard, the T2 and T3 solutions contained incremental macronutrient concentrations with an electrical conductivity (EC) of up to 2.2 and 3.2 dS m?1, respectively, and the T4 solution was the same as T2 but with sodium chloride (NaCl) and an incremental macronutrient concentration with an EC of 3.2 dS m?1. Next, these plants were grown for 90 days in a greenhouse with natural daylight in Nador, Morocco. Shoot and root growth significant decreased with increasing EC. However, the salinity that resulted from the addition of NaCl did not affect plant growth in the nutrient solutions. The optimum obtained growth and EO production were 1.2 and 2.2 dS m?1, respectively. Consequently, the optimum EC value (based on the EO production) of parsley in the soilless culture was 1.2–2.2 dS m?1. 相似文献
4.
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of Pseudomonas syringae strains associated with the recent citrus bacterial blast and bacterial black pit epidemics in Tunisia 
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下载免费PDF全文 E. Abdellatif M. Kałużna J. D. Janse P. Sobiczewski F. Helali J. R. Lamichhane A. Rhouma 《Plant pathology》2017,66(7):1081-1093
In the spring of 2012, symptoms of a disease resembling citrus blast and citrus black pit were observed in some orchards in Tunisia. The epidemic spread rapidly in the following years. Twenty‐four commercial citrus orchards from four Tunisian regions showing characteristic symptoms of bacterial diseases were surveyed during a 3‐year study. Eighty‐eight Pseudomonas‐like bacterial isolates were successfully obtained from the northeast and west of Tunisia. No isolates were recovered from the central region. Overall, 46 isolates were identified as Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and most of them showed similar phenotypic and genetic profiles. The virulence of three selected isolates differed from one plant cultivar to another as well as from the type of plant organ used for the inoculation. In a bioassay test, all isolates produced syringomycin, which was confirmed by molecular detection based on the syrB and syrD genes. Only EC122 possessed syrD but not syrB. DNA fingerprints, based on repetitive sequence‐based polymerase chain reaction (rep‐PCR) and PCR melting profile (PCR MP), were used to determine the potential genetic diversity among strains. Clustering of PCR MP fingerprinting data matched with rep‐PCR fingerprinting data. The generated distribution tree showed that Tunisian isolates were closely related to the citrus reference strain LMG5496. In contrast, EC112, isolated from citrus, and the almond isolate EC122 were distantly related to the type strain LMG1247T isolated from lilac. Such studies have not been reported until now for P. syringae from citrus. 相似文献
5.
Mohamed Mahmoud Sidina Mohammed El Hansali Nadia Wahid Aziz Ouatmane Abdelali Boulli Abdelmajid Haddioui 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,123(1):110-116
The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is an important economic resource for Morocco's rural populations. This species is used in reforestation actions and its cultivation in modern orchards is being undertaken to valorize marginal lands and substitute for drought sensitive species. However, little data is available on its intra-specific variability and its adaptability. Morphological characters of pods and seeds from 13 ecoregions of private-domesticated carob were used to assess phenotypic variation of this species. These stands extend from south-west to north-east and cover a wide range of Morocco's ecoregions. Pods length, width, thickness, seeds number, pulp weight, seeds yield and seeds length, width, thickness and weight were measured for 390 trees (30 trees per ecoregion). Statistically significant differences were found between ecoregions for all characters which were examined, what indicates a high phenotypic diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster of all ecoregions lead to identify two major and opposite groups (the northern ecoregions; and the central and south-western ecoregions). Ecoregions of the north of Morocco exhibited the largest and the thickest pods with the highest pulp weight while other ecoregions have relatively short pods but largest proportion of seed yield. Similarly, the northern ecoregions are characterized by the heaviest seeds. A correlation matrix between morphological characters, geographic parameters and precipitation exhibits a positive and a negative correlation of pods thickness and pulp weight with the latitude and the altitude, respectively. Seed yield and weight are negatively and positively correlated to pod width, pod thickness and pulp weight, respectively. In addition, seed weight is positively correlated with the latitude. The geographic pattern of the carob tree and its variability are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
6.
Moutik Sana Lakram Nazha Bendaou Mohammed Maadoudi El Haj Kabbour Mohammed Rachid Douaik Ahmed Zouahri Abdelmajid El Housni Abdellah Es-Safi Nour Eddine 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2437-2445
Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this work was to study the effect of the incorporation of argane by-products (meal and pulp) in ewe’s diet on the production and... 相似文献
7.
Amara S Abdelmelek H Garrel C Guiraud P Douki T Ravanat JL Favier A Sakly M Ben Rhouma K 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(2):129-134
The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant role of zinc (Zn) in the Cd-exposed testes of Wistar rats. Subchronic exposure to Cd (CdCl(2), 40 mg/l, per os) for 30 days resulted in a significant reduction in growth rate (-11%) and relative weights of testes (-36%) and seminal vesicles (-80%). Treated rats displayed a decrease in testicular and plasma testosterone levels, respectively (-70%, P<0.05; -48%, P<0.05), epididymal sperm count (-22%, P<0.05), and spermatozoa motility (-35%, P<0.05). In contrast, Cd increased the malondialdehyde (+46%, P<0.05), metallothionein (+200%, P<0.05), and 8-oxodGuo concentrations (+71%, P<0.05) in the testis. In the gonad, Cd decreased the GPx (-30%, P<0.05), CAT (-32%, P<0.05), mitochondrial Mn-SOD (-34%, P<0.05), and cytosolic CuZn-SOD (-32%, P<0.05) activities. Zinc supplementation (ZnCl(2), 40 mg/l, per os) in the Cd-exposed rats restored the activities of GPx, CuZn-SOD, and Mn-SOD in the testes to the levels of the control group. Moreover, zinc administration was capable of reducing the elevated levels of malondialdehyde in the testis. Interestingly, zinc supplementation attenuated DNA oxidation induced by Cd in the gonad and restored the testosterone level and sperm count to the levels of the control group. Zinc administration minimized oxidative damage and reversed the impairment of spermatogenesis and testosterone production induced by Cd in the rat testis. 相似文献
8.
Several studies suggest that the Fabaceae‐Rhizobium symbiosis is particularly sensitive to iron (Fe) deficiency with respect to NO3–‐dependent plants. The aim of this study, which is part of a screening program for common bean tolerance to Fe deficiency, was to study genotypical differences in Fe requirement and Fe use‐efficiency of common bean cultivars depending on symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). Results show that ARA14 produces more whole plant dry matter and particularly more nodule biomass than Coco blanc. ARA14 is characterized by a high capacity of nitrogen fixation and a better Fe use‐efficiency for the growth and the function of the nodules. 相似文献
9.
Salhi-Hannachi Amel Trifi Mokhtar Zehdi Salwa Hedfi Jihène Mars Messaoud Rhouma Abdelmajid Marrakchi Mohamed 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2004,51(3):269-275
The genetic diversity of 18 Tunisian fig cultivars was investigated at the DNA level using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) associated with the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Using a set of primers, the most informative ones were selected that were characterized by an important Resolving power value of 29.6. A total of 47 discernible fragments were scored from samples, with a mean of 11.7 fragments per primer. The 90.4% of sample that were polymorphic were scored as molecular markers to examine the Tunisian fig germplasm polymorphism at DNA level. A large genetic diversity as related to ISSR patterns was found within the local Tunisian fig germplasm. An UPGMA dendrogram exhibits the unstructured variability in this crop. Moreover, the principal component analysis shows that the observed diversity was typically continuous. Our data provide a large number of ISSR markers that are useful in the fingerprinting of Ficus
carica L. cultivars, and in the understanding of the genetic relationships among these accessions. 相似文献
10.
An artificial intelligence-based system approach is presented in which the effects of the operating parameters and intrinsic features of yarn and fabric on Thermal Conductivity of Stretch Knitted Fabrics are investigated. These parameters were pre-selected according to their possible influence on the outputs which were the thermal conductivity. An original fuzzy logic based method was proposed to select the most relevant parameters. The results show that Knitted Structure’s is the most important input parameter, followed by Lycra Proportion (%), Loop length (cm), Yarn Count, Weight per Unit Area (g/m2), Thickness (m), Gauge, Lycra Yarn Count (dtex) and Yarn Composition. According to our previous works, two types of model have been set up by utilizing multilayer feed forward neural networks, which take into account the generality and the specificity of the product families respectively. The relative importance of the input variables was calculated using the connection weight approach. The results were found to agree with the fuzzy logic based sensitivity criterion. The trend analysis of the developed model revealed the influence of various input parameters on the thermal conductivity of knitted fabrics. Thus, it is believed that artificial intelligence System could efficiently be applied to the knit industry to understand, evaluate and predict thermal comfort parameters of stretch knitted fabrics. 相似文献