Book Review: Development and Perspectives of Landscape Ecology     

Haase  Dagmar 《Landscape Ecology》2004,19(5):567-569

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Neighbourhood character affects the spatial extent and magnitude of the functional footprint of urban green infrastructure     

Andersson  Erik  Haase  Dagmar  Scheuer  Sebastian  Wellmann  Thilo 《Landscape Ecology》2020,35(7):1605-1618

Landscape Ecology - Urban densification has been argued to increase the contrast between built up and open green space. This contrast may offer a starting point for assessing the extent and...  相似文献   

Influence of nursery soil amendments on water relations,root architectural development,and field performance of Douglas-fir transplants     

Jacobs  Douglass F.  Rose  Robin  Haase  Diane L.  Morgan  Paul D. 《New Forests》2003,26(3):263-277

This experiment evaluated the influence of manure, peat, and vermiculite incorporated at low and high rates (0.0118 and 0.0236 m³/m²) and under two soil moisture regimes on Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedling (1+0 for 1+1) xylem water potential (_xylem), whole-plant growth, root architectural development, and subsequent field performance under fertilized and non-fertilized conditions. Trends in soil moisture retention were observed (high manure > high peat > control) but there were no differences in _xylem. Root length in the wetter soil moisture experiment was initially (three months) greatest for seedlings in high vermiculite and least in high manure but there were no differences among treatments at lifting (eight months). Mean height was greatest for seedlings grown in vermiculite and peat (wetter nursery experiment) after two field seasons. Field fertilization (35 g/seedling) with controlled-release fertilizer in the planting hole stimulated height growth initially, but decreased height and diameter growth during the second growing season. Dramatic improvements associated with the use of nursery soil amendments were not realized, but the failure to identify negative effects, a potential reduction in disease incidence, and improvement of nursery soil physical and chemical properties may justify their use.  相似文献   

Forward to the special seedling root development issue of New Forests     

Diane L. Haase 《New Forests》2005,30(2-3):103-105

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A Rapid Test Procedure for Estimating the Amylose Content of Pea Starch *)     

N. U. Haase 《Plant Breeding》1993,111(4):325-329

Rapid estimation of the amylose content of pea starch is of particular importance in breeding for pea starches high in amylose. An amylose test for starch in fresh potato tubers was adapted for use with high-amylose pea flour. Wavelengths for photometric detection were slightly changed, and the iodine concentration could be reduced. Defatting of the flour was not necessary. Reproducibility of the analyses was good (s% <3; n = 95). Variability of amylose content was investigated for different potato, barley and pea varieties. An analysis of the F4-generation of a crossing experiment with peas underlined the specific suitability of this rapid test method for supporting breeders' activities.  相似文献   

Elevation of atmospheric CO₂ and N-nutritional status modify nodulation, nodule-carbon supply, and root exudation of Phaseolus vulgaris L.     

Susan Haase  Angelika Kania  Volker Römheld 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2007,39(9):2208-2221

Increased root exudation and a related stimulation of rhizosphere-microbial growth have been hypothesised as possible explanations for a lower nitrogen- (N-) nutritional status of plants grown under elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations, due to enhanced plant-microbial N competition in the rhizosphere. Leguminous plants may be able to counterbalance the enhanced N requirement by increased symbiotic N₂ fixation. Only limited information is available about the factors determining the stimulation of symbiotic N₂ fixation in response to elevated CO₂.In this study, short-term effects of elevated CO₂ on quality and quantity of root exudation, and on carbon supply to the nodules were assessed in Phaseolus vulgaris, grown in soil culture with limited (30 mg N kg⁻¹ soil) and sufficient N supply (200 mg N kg⁻¹ soil), at ambient (400 μmol mol⁻¹) and elevated (800 μmol mol⁻¹) atmospheric CO₂ concentrations.Elevated CO₂ reduced N tissue concentrations in both N treatments, accelerated the expression of N deficiency symptoms in the N-limited variant, but did not affect plant biomass production. ¹⁴CO₂ pulse-chase labelling revealed no indication for a general increase in root exudation with subsequent stimulation of rhizosphere microbial growth, resulting in increased N-competition in the rhizosphere at elevated CO₂. However, a CO₂-induced stimulation in root exudation of sugars and malate as a chemo-attractant for rhizobia was detected in 0.5-1.5 cm apical root zones as potential infection sites. Particularly in nodules, elevated CO₂ increased the accumulation of malate as a major carbon source for the microsymbiont and of malonate with essential functions for nodule development. Nodule number, biomass and the proportion of leghaemoglobin-producing nodules were also enhanced. The release of nod-gene-inducing flavonoids (genistein, daidzein and coumestrol) was stimulated under elevated CO₂, independent of the N supply, and was already detectable at early stages of seedling development at 6 days after sowing.  相似文献   

Survival rates for a declining population of bottlenose dolphins in Doubtful Sound,New Zealand: an information theoretic approach to assessing the role of human impacts     

Rohan J. C. Currey  Stephen M. Dawson  Elisabeth Slooten  Karsten Schneider  David Lusseau  Oliver J. Boisseau  Patti Haase  Jamelia A. Williams 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2009,19(6):658-670

• 1. The bottlenose dolphins of Doubtful Sound, New Zealand are a declining population at the southern limit of the species' range, exposed to impacts from tourism and habitat modification. Patterns in apparent annual survival were analysed from photographic resightings of naturally marked adults (1990 to 2008) and calves within the first year of life (1994 to 2008) using capture‐recapture models.
• 2. The most parsimonious model for adults provided a time‐invariant, sex‐invariant estimate of survival (?_{a(1990–2008)}=0.9374; 95% CI: 0.9170–0.9530), marginally lower than prior estimates for wild bottlenose dolphins.
• 3. The most parsimonious model for calves indicated a significant time‐variant decline in survival from an estimate similar to other populations (?_{c(1994–2001)}=0.8621; 95% CI: 0.6851–0.9473) to a current estimate that is, to our knowledge, the lowest recorded for free‐ranging bottlenose dolphins (?_{c(2002–2008)}=0.3750; 95% CI: 0.2080–0.5782).
• 4. Information theoretic evidence ratios suggested that observed patterns in calf survival were 22 times more likely to be explained by a decline coincident with the opening of a second tailrace tunnel for a hydroelectric power station than by a decline in any other year or across multiple years.
• 5. Projections using an age‐structured stochastic population model indicated that the current level of calf survival was unsustainable (population decline: 100% of model runs; population extinction: 41.5% of model runs) and was a key factor in the observed population decline in Doubtful Sound.

Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Determinants of floodplain forest development illustrated by the example of the floodplain forest in the District of Leipzig     

Dagmar Haase  Judith Gläser 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009

This paper discusses determinants of the historical and current spatial extent of the floodplain forest in Leipzig as well as its tree species composition using a GIS-data based delineation model and historical forest inventories for the floodplain forest in the district of Leipzig in Germany from the 19th to the 20th century. We found that the spatial extent of the floodplain forest remained considerably stable in spite of an overall decline in the entire floodplain area from the period where the city first experienced industrialisation in the 19th century to now. However, with river regulations and the alteration of forest management from coppice-with-standards forest to high forest in the 19th century, major changes can be found in the tree species composition of the floodplain forest. Comparing these findings with references from other European floodplain forests we discuss the impact of historical and current forest management as well as the city location's influence on the extent and tree species composition of urban floodplain forests. For urban forest management in particular there is a great need to integrate biophysical, historical and forestry knowledge when predicting future developmental trends.  相似文献   

Use of polymorphisms in the γ-gliadin gene of spelt and wheat as a tool for authenticity control     

Mayer F  Haase I  Graubner A  Heising F  Paschke-Kratzin A  Fischer M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(6):1350-1357

Partial sequencing of the γ-gliadin gene of 62 spelt and 14 soft wheat cultivars was performed. Fifty-six of the 62 spelt cultivars and 13 of the 14 soft wheat cultivars were shown to exhibit the typical spelt or soft wheat γ-gliadin sequence, respectively. Exceptions were ascribed to crossbreeding of soft wheat and spelt. Using the typical soft wheat γ-gliadin sequence, two alternative DNA-based analytical methods were developed for the detection and quantification of spelt flour "adulteration" with soft wheat. A simple and fast detection of soft wheat in spelt flours could be achieved by restriction fragment length (RFLP) analysis. In combination with lab-on-a-chip capillary gel electrophoresis (LOC-CE) the soft wheat proportion could be estimated. Heteroduplex formation served as additional confirmation for the presence of spelt besides soft wheat. Hence, RFLP-LOC-CE constitutes a perfect analysis tool for the quality control of cereal seeds and pure cultivars. A precise quantification of soft wheat "adulterations" in spelt flour down to 1% could be achieved by the developed real-time PCR method. The calibration parameters of the real-time PCR assay fulfilled the minimum performance requirements of the European Network of GMO (genetically modified organisms) Laboratories (ENGL).  相似文献   

Effects of soil water content and initial root volume on the nutrient status of 2+0 Douglas-fir seedlings     

Diane L. Haase  Robin Rose 《New Forests》1994,8(3):265-277

Two-year-old bareroot Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco.) seedlings were graded on the basis of four root-volume categories and transplanted to four moisture-stress treatments (6, 12, 18, and 24% soil water content) in pots. Macronutrient concentrations and contents of both old and new foliar tissue were determined. Decreasing soil water content resulted in higher concentrations of phosphorus, potassium, and particularly nitrogen in both old and new foliar tissue. This can be attributed to reduced growth, translocation, metabolic activity, and nutrient requirement in response to moisture stress. Seedlings with relatively higher root volumes exhibited higher nutrient concentrations and contents, as well as increased growth. Thus, increased total root biomass per unit of soil area with increasing seedling root volume may have resulted in greater nutrient use, supply, uptake, and storage.  相似文献