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1.
笔者通过对秭归县茅坪镇中坝村退耕还林的现场详细调查,主要是水土保持经济林的单位面积效益进行评价,并使之与退耕还林前的农业生产效益相比较,阐明退耕还林的经济可行性和采取合理的相应措施。 相似文献
2.
选用35日龄杜施杂1代断奶仔猪40头,随机分成4组进行高铜及补硒试验.结果表明,Cu 125 ppm+Se 0.3 ppm(Ⅱ组)效果最佳,日增重比 Cu 4.36 ppm+Se 0.3 ppm(Ⅰ组)约提高15.9%(P<0.05);全期耗料较Ⅰ组下降12.6%.Cu 250 ppm+Se 0.3 ppm(Ⅲ组)与Ⅰ组的日增重差异不显著(P>0.05),耗料较Ⅰ组下降8.0%.但Ⅱ组与Ⅲ组日增重差异不显著(P>0.05).补 Cu250 ppm 不加 Se(Ⅳ组)与Ⅲ组相比,日增重约减少27.2%(P<0.01),耗料则较Ⅲ组高23.7%.屠体组织切片观察表明,添加高剂量铜(125或250 ppm)对机体组织均不产生病变,但各组的骨骼肌纤维粗细与十二指肠杯状细胞大小有明显的不同,均为Ⅱ>Ⅲ>Ⅰ>Ⅳ. 相似文献
3.
The aim of this investigation is to compare the physicochemical properties and chemical composition of Phoenix canariensis seed oil at different stages of seed date ripening. It was demonstrated that the saponification number of the oil increases during the maturation from 179.24 to 191.28 (mg KOH/g of oil), whereas the seed oil yield, the iodine number, the p-anisidine value, the peroxide value, the acidity and the unsaponifiable matter decrease from 14.73% to 10.36%, from 89.37 to 76.66 (g/100 g of oil), from 5.51 to 3.67, from 17.66 to 3.62 (mequiv. O2/kg of oil), from 1.49% to 0.59% and from 2.72% to 1.77%, respectively. The tocol content increases as the maturity advanced. The percentages of sterols show continuous changes during ripening. The saturated fatty acid content increases throughout the ripening process. The oleic fatty acid content decreases during the seeds maturation, but increases at the end, whereas linoleic acid content initially shows an increase, and then a decrease. The total phosphorus content decreases during the period of ripening. The three samples of the seed oil show a high kinetic stability during the heating and cooling, as characterised by the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC curves reveal an increase in the melting point from −7.73 °C to 3.71 °C but the melting enthalpy remains the same, 62.06 J/g, during the ripening of the dates. 相似文献
4.
Imededdine Arbi Nehdi Hassen SbihiChin Ping Tan Hedi ZarroukMutassim Ibrahim Khalil Saud Ibrahim Al-Resayes 《Industrial Crops and Products》2012,36(1):54-58
The chemical composition, main physicochemical properties and thermal stability of oil extracted from Acacia senegal seeds were evaluated. The oil, moisture and the ash contents of the seeds were 9.80%, 6.92% and 3.82%, respectively. Physicochemical properties of the oil were iodine value, 106.56 g/100 g of oil; saponification value, 190.23 mg KOH/g of oil; refractive index (25 °C), 1.471; unsaponifiable matter, 0.93%; acidity, 6.41% and peroxide value, 5.43 meq. O2/kg of oil. The main fatty acids in the oil were oleic acid (43.62%) followed by linoleic acid (30.66%) and palmitic acid (11.04%). The triacylglycerols (TAGs) with equivalent carbon number ECN 44 (34.90%) were dominant, followed by TAGs ECN 46 (28.19%), TAGs ECN 42 (16.48%) and TAGs ECN 48 (11.23%). The thermal stability analysed in a normal oxidizing atmosphere showed that the oil decomposition began at 268.6 °C and ended at 618.5 °C, with two stages of decomposition at 401.5 °C and 576.3 °C. According to these results, A. senegal seed oil has physicochemical properties, fatty acids composition and thermal characteristics that may become interesting for specific applications in several segments of food and non-food industries. 相似文献
5.
不同光质条件下马铃薯光响应曲线拟合模型的比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究不同光质处理下马铃薯的光合作用能力、光响应曲线,以及数据拟合模型的适用性,通过盆栽试验,利用蓝光(B)和红光(R)光源,设置B、B∶R=1∶3(B1R3)、B∶R=1∶5(B1R5)、B∶R=1∶7(B1R7)和R共5种不同的光质组合,测定马铃薯的光合色素、光合作用强度和光响应曲线,并用指数模型、直角双曲模型、非直角双曲模型、叶子飘模型和指数修正模型拟合光响应曲线,计算不同光质处理下的马铃薯光合参数。结果表明:B1R7处理下的光合色素含量和光合作用能力在5种处理中最高;叶子飘模型和指数修正模型的拟合效果整体较好,尤其是对Pnmax、LSP和Rd的拟合,指数模型、直角双曲模型和非直角双曲模型拟合效果较差;B1R7处理下马铃薯的光补偿点、光饱和点和最大净光合速率在5种光质处理中最高。综上,B1R7的光质组合可以增强马铃薯的光合作用,叶子飘模型和指数修正模型比较适合马铃薯光响应曲线的拟合。 相似文献
6.
Studies were conducted on the properties of seeds and oil extracted from Maclura pomifera seeds. The following values (on a dry-weight basis) were obtained for M. pomifera seed, respectively: moisture 5.88%, ash 6.72%, oil 32.75% and the high protein content 33.89%. The carbohydrate content (20.76%) can be regarded as a source of energy for animals if included in their diets. The major nutrients (mg/100 g oil) were: potassium (421.65), calcium (218.56) and magnesium (185.00). The physicochemical properties of the oil include: the saponification number 174.57; the iodine value 141.43; the p-anisidine value 1.86; the peroxide value 2.33 meq O2/kg; the acid value 0.66; the carotenoid content 0.59 mg/100 g oil; the chlorophyll content 0.02 (mg/100 g oil) and the refractive index 1.45. Polymorphic changes were observed in thermal properties of M. pomifera seed oil. This showed absorbency in the UV-B and UV-C ranges with a potential for use as a broad spectrum UV protectant. The main fatty acids of the crude oil were linoleic (76.19%), oleic (13.87%), stearic (6.76%) and palmitic acid (2.40%). The polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (TAGs) LLL, PLL, POL + SLL, OLL, OOL (L: linoleic acid, O: oleic, P: palmitic acid and S: stearic acid) acids were the major TAGs found in M. pomifera seed oil. A relatively high level of sterols making up 852.93 mg/100 g seed oil was present. The sterol marker, β-sitosterol, accounted for 81% of the total sterol content in the seed oil and is followed by campesterol (7.4%), stigmasterol (4.2%), lupeol (4.1%) and Δ5-avenesterol (3.2%). The seed oil was rich in tocopherols with the following composition (mg/100 g): α-tocopherol 18.92; γ-tocopherol 10.80; β-tocopherol 6.02 and δ-tocopherol 6.29. The results showed that M. pomifera seed oil could be used in cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food products. 相似文献
7.
Hedi Indra Januar Ekowati Chasanah Cherie A. Motti Dianne M. Tapiolas Catherine H. Liptrot Anthony D. Wright 《Marine drugs》2010,8(7):2142-2152
Methanol extracts of two specimens of the soft coral Nephthea sp. collected from the Seribu Islands, Indonesia, were active in an anticancer bioassay. One new (1) and four known diterpenes (2–5) based on the cembrane carbon skeleton were isolated from these extracts, as was arachidonic acid (8). The structures of all compounds were elucidated using NMR, including 1,1-ADEQUATE and 1D gradient selective NOESY where applicable to determine the relative stereochemistry. Spectroscopic data, including 1H and 13C NMR, UV, IR and optical rotations are reported when enough material was available and where this has not been done previously. Inhibition assays employing three cancer cell lines; SF-268 (CNS), MCF-7 (breast), and H460 (lung) were used to guide the isolation of all compounds. 相似文献
8.
Hédia Manai Faouzia Mahjoub-HaddadaImen Oueslati Douja DaoudMokhtar Zarrouk 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
Volatile composition of virgin olive oil (VOO) from six Tunisian new cultivars was evaluated using headspace solid-phase microextraction method coupled to GC–MS and GC–FID. Various chemical classes were identified such as aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, terpenes and carboxylic acids. The results showed that the most important contributors to olive oil aroma are C6 aldehydes. These compounds are biogenerated from polyunsaturated fatty acids through the lipoxygenase pathway. Furthermore, they pointed out the predominance of the linolenic acid oxidation over linoleic acid one. The main volatile compounds present in the oil samples were C6 derivatives such as (E)-hex-2-enal, (E)-hex-2-enol and hexanol. In addition to C6 compounds, the aroma of the studied VOOs contains reasonable amounts of various classes of C5 components. The tested oil samples showed different volatile profiles. Some components seem to occur exclusively in a specific oil samples and, consequently, their presence might be initially used to establish compositional differences. All results put in evidence that olive oil aroma compounds accumulate differently according to the cultivar. 相似文献
9.
Fatty acid, triacylglycerol, and phytosterol composition in six Tunisian olive varieties 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Haddada FM Manaï H Oueslati I Daoud D Sánchez J Osorio E Zarrouk M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(26):10941-10946
The physicochemical and stability properties as well as the fatty acid, triacylglycerol, sterol, and triterpenic dialcohol compositions of Tunisian olive oil varieties were analyzed. On the basis of our results, we classified all of the monovarietal oils into the extra virgin category. Oleic and linoleic acids were the most useful fatty acids to discriminate three cultivars, Neb Jmel, Chétoui, and Ain Jarboua, from the others. Of the six monovarietal virgin olive oils analyzed, the main triacylglycerols were OOO, POO, PLO plus SLL, and OLO, which was expected given the high oleic acid and low linoleic and linolenic acids content observed in total fatty acids. In total, these accounted for more than 80% of the total HPLC chromatogram peak area. The main sterols found were beta-sitosterol, Delta5-avenasterol, and campesterol. The statistical analysis showed significant differences between oil samples, and the obtained results showed a great variability in the oil composition between cultivars, which is influenced exclusively by genetic factors. 相似文献
10.
为研究在长时间降雨侵蚀过程中北京褐土坡面侵蚀特征及其水动力学机制,通过室内人工模拟降雨试验,分别在60,90 mm/h雨强下对褐土坡面进行连续10场次降雨试验,探讨了坡面侵蚀过程中的产流产沙特征及其与水动力学参数间的关系。结果表明:(1)在雨强及次降雨量较一致的条件下,随降雨场次增加坡面次降雨产流量变动较小,而次降雨产沙量变化较大,60,90 mm/h雨强下次降雨产沙量的变异系数为23.94%和59.88%,且第10场降雨的产沙量仅为第1场降雨的59.74%和22.28%;(2)连续降雨条件下,平均次降雨产沙速率随雨强增大而增大,径流含沙量随降雨时间呈幂函数下降趋势;(3)受褐土坡面细沟形态变化和土壤粗化的影响,60,90 mm/h雨强下坡面径流平均流速分别随降雨时间呈指数函数和幂函数下降趋势,弗劳德数亦表现出相同趋势;坡面径流阻力系数随降雨历时均呈对数函数增加;(4)长时间降雨侵蚀条件下径流含沙量与平均流速、弗劳德数、阻力系数、径流功率相关关系极显著,其中平均流速是径流含沙量变化过程中与其关系最为密切的水动力学参数,径流含沙量的变化深刻受到坡面径流平均流速的动力作用过程影响。 相似文献