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Development pressure on reserve networks in densely populated countries may lead to the decision to allow for replacement compensation. Replacement ratios used for specifying replacement compensation are usually based on expert judgment. In contrast, we propose a method to estimate replacement ratios based on the set covering framework. The method is applied to presence-absence data of vascular plants of the dry grassland inventory of Switzerland. For the replacement of 60% of a patch’s high conservation value species by the same vegetation type (“in-kind” compensation), the estimated replacement ratios are <5 for most vegetation types. These ratios are comparable with replacement ratios usually used in practice. Our replacement ratio estimates for replacement by another vegetation type (“out-of-kind” compensation) are considerable higher than proposed by the literature. For oligotroph dry grassland associations, the replacement rations are extremely high, so that these associations have to be considered irreplaceable. The estimated replacement ratios provide a good starting point for designing compensation measures for unavoidable losses in a reserve system. However, additional biodiversity conservation goals should be considered when designing replacement compensation in practice. 相似文献
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Hersperger Anna M. Grădinaru Simona R. Pierri Daunt Ana Beatriz Imhof Carole S. Fan Peilei 《Landscape Ecology》2021,36(8):2329-2345
Landscape Ecology - Landscape ecology as an interdisciplinary science has great potential to inform landscape planning, an integrated, collaborative practice on a regional scale. It is commonly... 相似文献
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Driving forces of landscape change - current and new directions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The concept of driving forces is gaining increasing attention in landscape-change research. We summarize the state of the art of this field and present new conceptual and methodological directions for the study of driving forces of landscape changes. These new directions address four major challenges faced by landscape-change studies, i.e., studying processes and not merely spatial patterns, extrapolating results in space and time, linking data of different qualities, and considering culture as a driver of landscape change. The proposed research directions include: studying landscape change across borders and transects, focusing on persistence as well as change, investigating rates of change, considering attractors of landscape change, targeting correlation and causality, and searching for precursors of landscape change. Based on established knowledge and the new approaches we outline a standard procedure to study driving forces of landscape change. We anticipate that our analytical and systematic approach increases the relevance of studies of landscape change for science as well as for the solution of real world problems. 相似文献
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The concept of driving forces is gaining increasing attention in landscape-change research. We summarize the state of the art of this field and present new conceptual and methodological directions for the study of driving forces of landscape changes. These new directions address four major challenges faced by landscape-change studies, i.e., studying processes and not merely spatial patterns, extrapolating results in space and time, linking data of different qualities, and considering culture as a driver of landscape change. The proposed research directions include: studying landscape change across borders and transects, focusing on persistence as well as change, investigating rates of change, considering attractors of landscape change, targeting correlation and causality, and searching for precursors of landscape change. Based on established knowledge and the new approaches we outline a standard procedure to study driving forces of landscape change. We anticipate that our analytical and systematic approach increases the relevance of studies of landscape change for science as well as for the solution of real world problems. 相似文献
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