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1.
Despite the fact that the multifaceted values of urban green spaces in the public and private domain constitute the core of urban sustainability, their importance is not adequately investigated in the context of developing countries. We undertook a survey of homegardens on private properties in Kozhikode, a city located in the state of Kerala, India. Our investigation reveals a substantial loss of private green spaces, defined in terms of the added economic value homegardens provided to households during the last decade. We hypothesise and validate empirically that this loss, over time, is negatively associated with technological infusion at the household level, which we measure by assessing the increase in the number of personal computer(s) possessed by households. We provide an economic framework to discuss the implications of our proposition. We conclude that the nature of positive externalities associated with private, urban green spaces demands policy intervention by the State. 相似文献
2.
Kulbhushan Saxena Abhishek Bohra Arbind K. Choudhary Rafat Sultana Mamta Sharma Lekha T. Pazhamala Rachit K. Saxena 《Plant Breeding》2021,140(1):74-86
Pigeonpea is an important food legume crop of semi‐arid tropical regions. Plateauing of pigeonpea yield has been worrying breeders for the past 6–7 decades. Serious breeding efforts made during this period resulted in various high‐yielding and disease resistant cultivars. However, the gains in pigeonpea productivity have been modest. The authors, while reviewing this situation, conclude that long generation turnover, complexity of biological traits, low selection response and overreliance upon pedigree breeding present the key bottlenecks for this situation. In this paper, some alternative breeding approaches and technologies are suggested for the genetic enhancement of yield stability and stress response of pigeonpea. 相似文献
3.
Sameer Kumar Chanda Venkata Ganga Rao Nadigatla Veera Prabha Rama Rachit K. Saxena Kulbhushan Saxena Hari D. Upadhyaya Moses Siambi Said N. Silim Kothapally Narasimha Reddy Anupama J. Hingane Mamta Sharma Shivali Sharma Stephen Dominic Lyimo Rose Ubwe Meshack Makenge Kananji Gad Paul Kiprotich Kimurto Manuel Amane Kennedy Kanenga Yuventino Obong Emanuel Monyo Chris Ojiewo Nagesh Kumar Mallela Venkata Jaganmohan Polineni Rao Prashanthi Lakkireddy Sudhakar Chourat Indraprakash Singh Sobhan Sajja Shruthi Hirikara Beliappa Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(4):445-454
In the past five decades, constant research has been directed towards yield improvement in pigeonpea resulting in the deployment of several commercially acceptable cultivars in India. Though, the genesis of hybrid technology, the biggest breakthrough, enigma of stagnant productivity still remains unsolved. To sort this productivity disparity, genomic research along with conventional breeding was successfully initiated at ICRISAT. It endowed ample genomic resource providing insight in the pigeonpea genome combating production constraints in a precise and speedy manner. The availability of the draft genome sequence with a large‐scale marker resource, oriented the research towards trait mapping for flowering time, determinacy, fertility restoration, yield attributing traits and photo‐insensitivity. Defined core and mini‐core collection, still eased the pigeonpea breeding being accessible for existing genetic diversity and developing stress resistance. Modern genomic tools like next‐generation sequencing, genome‐wide selection helping in the appraisal of selection efficiency is leading towards next‐generation breeding, an awaited milestone in pigeonpea genetic enhancement. This paper emphasizes the ongoing genetic improvement in pigeonpea with an amalgam of conventional breeding as well as genomic research. 相似文献
4.
Economics of wastelands afforestation in India,a review 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
India has vast tracts of wastelands. Afforestation of these wastelands is one of the many alternative uses of such lands. Given the scarcity of capital in India, it becomes imperative to determine the economics and financial feasibility of wastelands afforestation projects. The studies reviewed in this paper deal with cost and financial feasibility analysis of wastelands afforestation projects in India. The main rationale behind this review is to examine the prospects of increasing investments in the afforestation projects. This also has a global significance, since afforestation augments carbon sequestration, which has become an exigency in view of externalities associated with global warming. The study uses review of existing literature and regression analysis as analytical tools. The review reveals that reclamation of wastelands through afforestation is not an expensive venture in India. Afforestation projects are financially viable even when no environmental benefits are taken into consideration. The results of the study suggest that polluting companies/countries should explore the possibility of investing in afforestation in India to gain carbon credits economically, once the parties to the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change decide to approve it. The studies reviewed reveal that researchers have used different sets of criteria for financial feasibility analysis of the afforestation projects. Almost all the studies have ignored non-market benefits of afforestation projects. Such methodological differences need to be addressed in view of the increasing importance of plantations as carbon sinks. Some socioeconomic issues like investment in tree crops vis-à-vis agricultural crops, preference for mixed plantation and wastelands development as a means of resource development have also emerged from this review. 相似文献
5.
Kulbhushan Balooni A.H. Kalro Ambili G. Kamalamma 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(12):1314-1322
We analyze traditional community initiatives in building and managing temporary check-dams across seasonal streams in Kumbadaje panchayat in the state of Kerala in India. This is a fairly successful system, functioning for decades in the study area. Check-dams overcome water scarcity faced by farmers during the summer irrigation season and thereby play a crucial role in farming. We identify issues in the management of check-dams, noting how this traditional water harvesting and conservation system suits the local geographic conditions and needs to be sustained and promoted. 相似文献
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7.
Use of immature seed germination and single seed descent for rapid genetic gains in pigeonpea 
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下载免费PDF全文 Long duration required for generation advancement in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp] is one of the major bottlenecks in realizing rapid genetic gains. Therefore, a technology for rapid generation turnover is warranted to facilitate the development of new cultivars and recombinant inbred lines. Breeding of early‐maturing cultivars has now opened up the possibility of rapid generation advance (RGA) in this crop. This paper reports the development of an RGA technology that integrates the germination of immature seeds with single seed descent method of breeding. The results showed that immature 35‐day‐old seeds can be used successfully to turn over a generation of pigeonpea with 100% seed germination. These way 3/4 successive generations can be grown within a year. The methodology presented in this study will accelerate the breeding process for breeding cultivars and develop rapidly the materials required for genomics research in pigeonpea. 相似文献
8.
Kulbhushan Samal Kuntal Maiti Kaustubha Mohanty Chandan Das 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(3):96
The performance of spinning basket membrane (SBM) module was tested for the separation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from wastewater. The SBM performance was examined using 50 kDa polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane under different parametric conditions. Also, the effects of rotational speed and transmembrane pressure on permeate flux and PVA rejection were investigated. The rotational speed played a significant role in decreasing membrane fouling by reducing the particle deposition on the membrane surface due to enhanced turbulence and shear force. Also, the in-built hydrodynamic cleaning facility of the SBM module allowed easy cleaning of the membrane. The steady-state value of percentage rejection of PVA was above 90% when the steady-state permeate flux value was above 54% of its initial value. The results suggested that spinning basket membrane module was efficient as well as economical for the separation of PVA from aqueous solution. 相似文献
9.
Nalini Mallikarjuna Deepak R. Jadhav Sandhya Srikanth Kulbhushan B. Saxena 《Euphytica》2011,182(1):65-71
Cajanus platycarpus, a distantly related wild species, was successfully crossed with cultivated pigeonpea using embryo rescue and tissue culture
techniques. Advance generation lines showed a range of desirable characters including cytoplasmic male sterility. A range
of pigeonpea cultivars restored fertility and was maintained by a few lines including cultivar ICPL 85010. Clasmogamous flowers
were observed in the male sterile lines. In such flowers anthers did not form di-adlephous bundle. Cytological analysis revealed
that meiosis proceeded normally till the tetrad stage in those anthers with pollen grains. After which many of the pollen
grains turned sterile. In the anthers with pollen grains, dehiscence was not observed, thus creating functional sterility.
In many other anthers, pollen mother cells (PMCs) were not formed at all, giving rise to sepalous anthers. In conclusion two
mechanisms of male sterility existed, one was premeiotic, where PMCs did not form and in the second, although PMCs gave rise
to pollen grains, they were either partially or totally sterile accompanied by non-dehiscence of anther wall. 相似文献
10.
Kulbhushan Saxena Arbind K. Choudhary Rakesh K. Srivastava Abhishek Bohra Rachit K. Saxena Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(3):243-251
Pigeonpea breeding activities started about a century ago and for decades only late maturing cultivars dominated the global cultivation. Historically, no early maturing cultivar was available for a very long time and breeding of such varieties started in the third quarter of 20th century but at a low key. From these efforts, some pigeonpea varieties maturing in 90–150 days were bred. Information gathered from various sources revealed that the first few early maturing genotypes originated through spontaneous mutations in the late maturing field‐grown landraces. In other cases, transgressive segregation and induced mutations also produced early maturing varieties. At present, the high yielding early maturing cultivars are contributing significantly towards widening the adaption barriers and in the diversification of some age‐old cropping systems. In this paper, the authors, besides discussing the importance of early maturing cultivars in present agricultural systems, also summarize information related to the origin of primary sources of earliness. 相似文献