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1.
Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in sheep and goats bred on five farms in west-central region of Poland 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Faecal specimens were taken from 205 sheep and goats housed in five different localities in the west-central part of Poland. All faecal specimens were examined for Cryptosporidium by using microscopy screening of smears stained by modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique and commercial enzyme immunoassay. PCR technique using genus specific primers was additionally applied in the surveys of 10 faecal specimens collected from lambs. C. parvum infection was identified in 16 of 159 sheep (10.1%). Lambs were more often infected than adult sheep, and the intensity of infection was higher in lambs than in sheep, as a rule. Both lambs and sheep examined in the study were asymptomatically infected with Cryptosporidium. Both microscopy and enzyme immunoassay methods gave one false negative result. The examination of 10 faecal samples revealed 100% agreement among the results obtained by microscopic, immunologic and molecular methods. None of the goats raised on three farms were infected with Cryptosporidium. 相似文献
2.
Duong HT Piotrowska-Tomala KK Acosta TJ Bah MM Sinderewicz E Majewska M Jankowska K Okuda K Skarzynski DJ 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2012,58(2):223-230
To determine whether glucocorticoids affect the function of the bovine corpus luteum (CL) during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy, we examined the effects of exogenous cortisol or reduced endogenous cortisol on the secretion of progesterone (P4) and on pregnancy rate. In preliminary experiments, doses of cortisol and metyrapone (an inhibitor of cortisol synthesis) were established (n=33). Cortisol in effective doses of 10 mg blocked tumor necrosis factor-induced prostaglandin F(2α) secretion as measured by its metabolite (PGFM) concentrations in the blood. Metyrapone in effective doses of 500 mg increased the P4 concentration. Thus, both reagents were then intravaginally applied in the chosen doses daily from Day 15 to 18 after estrus (Day 0) in noninseminated heifers (n=18) or after artificial insemination (n=36). Pregnancy was confirmed by transrectal ultrasonography between Days 28-30 after insemination. Plasma concentrations of P4 were lower in cortisol-treated heifers than in control heifers on Days 17 and 18 of the estrous cycle (P<0.05). However, the interestrus intervals were not different between control and cortisol-treated animals (P>0.05). Moreover, metyrapone increased P4 and prolonged the CL lifespan in comparison to control animals (P<0.05). Interestingly, in inseminated heifers, cortisol increased the pregnancy rate (75%) compared with control animals (58%), whereas metyrapone reduced the pregnancy rate to 16.7% (P<0.05). The overall results suggest that cortisol, depending on the physiological status of heifers (pregnant vs. nonpregnant), modulates CL function by influencing P4 secretion. Cortisol may have a positive influence on CL function during early pregnancy, leading to support of embryo implantation and resulting in higher rates of pregnancy in heifers. 相似文献
3.
MJ Siemieniuch E Jursza MP Kowalewski M Majewska DJ Skarzynski 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(1):72-78
Sex steroids in synergy with prostaglandins (PG) are involved in the regulation of cyclic ovarian function. In this study, we investigated the mRNA expression of three genes involved in arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism and hence PG production in domestic cats: PG‐endoperoxide synthase (PTGS2), PGF2α synthase (PGFS) and PGE2 synthase (PGES). Feline endometria (n = 16) were collected at oestrus and mid and late phases of pseudopregnancy. In addition, the effects of E2 and/or P4 on PG secretion and gene expression on endometrial explants were studied in an in vitro culture system. Expression levels of all examined genes were up‐regulated at the mid phase of pseudopregnancy. The effects of E2 and/or P4 treatment on both PG secretion and expression of the genes were observed after 12 h of culture. Expression of PGES was significantly up‐regulated by E2 plus P4 at oestrus and the mid phase of pseudopregnancy and was also up‐regulated by a single treatment with P4 at late pseudopregnancy (p < 0.05). Simultaneous incubation with E2 and P4 up‐regulated PTGS2 gene expression at oestrus and mid‐luteal phase (p < 0.05). Progesterone plus E2 significantly increased PGE2 secretion at oestrus and the mid phase of pseudopregnancy. However, treatment with E2 and/or P4 affected neither PGF2α secretion nor PGFS expression at any phase after 12 h of culture. The overall findings indicate that genes involved in PG synthesis are up‐regulated at the mid phase of pseudopregnancy. An increase in PGE2 secretion and up‐regulation of PGES and PTGS2 are the main responses of the endometrium to treatment with E2 and P4 at oestrus and the mid phase of pseudopregnancy in the cat. These data support the hypothesis that ovarian sex steroids via endometrial PGE2 are involved in endocrine homoeostasis, especially at oestrus and the mid, but not the late, phase of pseudopregnancy in cats. 相似文献
4.
Joanna Pajdak‐Czaus Aleksandra Platt‐Samoraj Wojciech Szweda Andrzej Krzysztof Siwicki Elbieta Terech‐Majewska 《Aquaculture Research》2019,50(11):3083-3096
Yersinia ruckeri (Y. ruckeri) can cause mortalities that are contributing to substantial economic losses in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture sector. Because of its most characteristic clinical signs, the disease in rainbow trout caused by this pathogen is called enteric redmouth disease. Although it is considered to affect mainly salmonids, there are reports in the available literature of isolating this bacterium from other fish species, both clinically healthy and diseased. The aim of this study was to analyse the available data concerning yersiniosis in non‐salmonid fish. The analysed data indicate that Y. ruckeri is a threat not only to rainbow trout. Some of the affected species have high commercial importance and mortalities may contribute to high economic losses. The disease symptoms may not be specific and can be different from those characteristic for enteric redmouth in trout, which may lead to misdiagnosis. Collected information indicates that infection with Y. ruckeri should be taken into account in the diagnostic procedures not only in salmonids. 相似文献
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In Poland bread as a staple food both made from wheat and rye flour can be a potential product for future fortification with folic acid. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of fermentation and baking on added folic acid and some endogenous folates stability during breadmaking of rye and wheat breads. Breads were produced using the formulation containing enriched flour with 0.2 mg folic acid/100 g product, baker’s yeast and additionally ascorbic acid for wheat bread and lactic acid for rye bread. Folates were extracted with Hepes/Ches buffer (pH = 7.85) followed by destruction of matrix by amylase and protease and deconjugation with rat serum conjugase. Affinity chromatography (FBP bovine milk) was used to purify and concentrate samples. The folates were separated by HPLC with C18 column and with a combination of fluorescence and UV detection. For both rye and wheat breads there was a decrease of folic acid from flour to bread stage. The total losses depend on baking process and ranged from 12 to 21%. Some changes in the level of different native folate forms during the stage of baking process were also observed. 相似文献
7.
D. Majewska D. Szczerbińska M. Ligocki M. Bucław A. Sammel Z. Tarasewicz 《British poultry science》2016,57(2):193-200
The aim of this study was to determine the mineral and lipid profiles in ostrich, turkey and broiler chicken livers.
The highest concentrations of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium were found in turkey livers, at 3751.50, 2153.05 and 363.98 mg/kg fresh weight (FW), respectively, whereas ostrich livers were the richest in calcium (82.77 mg/kg FW).
Ostrich liver was the richest source of iron, calcium, zinc and silicon, at 947.8, 82.77, 47.50, 36.69 mg/kg FW, respectively.
Ostrich livers proved to be the richest source of long-chain fatty acids (5.18% C20:4n+6, 0.48% EPA and 1.08% DHA)
8.
The effect of supplementing sheep with rapeseed and linseed oils on the activity of pancreatic digestive enzymes 
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下载免费PDF全文 Barbara Kowalik Małgorzata P. Majewska Renata Miltko Grzegorz Bełżecki 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(5):1194-1198
The aim of this study was to compare the effect of rapeseed and linseed oils added to the diet on pancreatic enzyme activities in sheep. The experiment was conducted on six adult sheep with a catheter introduced into the common bile–pancreatic duct and a T‐cannula into the duodenum. The animals were divided into three groups, two sheep in each. A twice‐replicated 3 × 3 Latin square was used in the experimental design. The sheep were fed meadow hay and the concentrate alone or the same ration supplemented with rapeseed or linseed oils at a dose of 5% of the basal diet. After adaptation period, a mixture of pancreatic and bile juice was collected for three consecutive days. The secretion of bile–pancreatic juice showed an increasing trend in sheep fed rapeseed and linseed oils (69.5 and 68.5 ml/hr respectively) in comparison with control ones (59.8 ml/hr). Lipase and trypsin activities were significantly increased when sheep were fed diets with rapeseed or linseed oils (175 and 21.6 or 179 and 23.2 U/L respectively) in comparison with those fed control diet (128 and 13.1 U/L respectively). It was concluded that oil as a dietary supplement can mainly modify the secretion of bile–pancreatic juice and enzymatic activity of the pancreas and also might affect animal production. 相似文献
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Janina Skipor Marta Kowalewska Aleksandra Szczepkowska Anna Majewska Tomasz Misztal Marek Jalynski Andrzej P.Herman Katarzyna Zabek 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2018,(1)
Background: Interleukin-1β(IL-1β) is important mediator of inflammatory-induced suppression of reproductive axis at the hypothalamic level. At the beginning of inflammation, the main source of cytokines in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) is peripheral circulation, while over time, cytokines produced in the brain are more important. Melatonin has been shown to decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines concentration in the brain. In ewes, melatonin is used to advance the onset of a breading season. Little is known about CSF concentration of IL-1β in ewes and its correlation with plasma during inflammation as well as melatonin action on the concentration of IL-1β in blood plasma and the CSF, and brain barriers permeability in early stage of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammation.Methods: Systemic inflammation was induced through LPS administration in melatonin-and sham-implanted ewes. Blood and CSF samples were collected before and after LPS administration and IL-1β and albumin concentration were measured. To assess the functions of brain barriers albumin quotient(QAlb) was used.Expression of IL-1β(Il1B) and its receptor type Ⅰ(Il1r1) and type Ⅱ(Il1r2) and matrix metalloproteinase(Mmp) 3 and 9 was evaluated in the choroid plexus(CP).Results: Before LPS administration, IL-1β was on the level of 62.0 ± 29.7 pg/mL and 66.4 ± 32.1 pg/mL in plasma and 26.2 ± 5.4 pg/mL and 21.3 ± 8.7 pg/mL in the CSF in sham-and melatonin-implanted group, respectively.Following LPS it increased to 159.3 ± 53.1 pg/mL and 197.8 ± 42.8 pg/mL in plasma and 129.8 ± 54.2 pg/mL and139.6 ± 51.5 pg/mL in the CSF. No correlations was found between plasma and CSF IL-1β concentration after LPS in both groups. The QAlb calculated before LPS and 6 h after was similar in all groups. Melatonin did not affected m RNA expression of Il1B, Il1r1 and Il1r2 in the CP. The m RNA expression of Mmp3 and Mmp9 was not detected.Conclusions: The lack of correlation between plasma and CSF IL-1β concentration indicates that at the beginning of inflammation the local synthesis of IL-1β in the CP is an important source of IL-1β in the CSF. Melatonin from slow-release implants does not affect IL-1β concentration in plasma and CSF in early stage of systemic inflammation. 相似文献
10.
Szóstek AZ Siemieniuch MJ Deptula K Woclawek-Potocka I Majewska M Okuda K Skarzynski DJ 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2011,41(1):14-23
Ovarian steroids assure an optimum environment for the final maturation of oocytes, gamete transport, fertilization, and early embryonic development. The aim of experiment 1 was to examine the influence of ovarian steroids on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)- or nitric oxide (NO)-regulated prostaglandin (PG), and nitrite/nitrate (NO2/NO3) secretion by cultured bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOECs). BOECs were pretreated with 17β-estradiol (E2; 10−9 M) and/or progesterone (P4; 10−7 M) for 24 h. For the next 24 h, BOECs were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) or spermine nitric oxide complex (NONOate; 10−5 M). Prostaglandin F2α and PGE2 secretion was measured in medium by ELISA. The pretreatment of cells with P4 (progesterone), E2 (17 β-estradiol), or E2/P4 augmented TNF-α-induced PGF2α and PGE2 secretion (P < 0.01). The pretreatment of cells with E2 or E2/P4 increased NONOate-induced PGF2α and PGE2 secretion (P < 0.01). TNF-α induced NO2/NO3 production by BOECs. The pretreatment of cells with E2 augmented only TNF-α-induced NO2/NO3 production (P < 0.05). The aim of experiment 2 was to examine the influence of TNF-α, NO, and ovarian steroids on the protein content of enzymes specifically involved in PG and NO production, PG synthases, and NO synthases (NOSs). BOECs were treated with TNF-α (10 ng/mL) or NONOate (10−5 M). TNF-α increased the protein content of PGG/H synthase, PGF synthase, and PGE synthase (P < 0.05) and endothelial and inducible NOSs (P < 0.05). Nitric oxide increased the protein content of PGF synthase, PGE synthase, endothelial NOS, and inducible NOS (P < 0.05). These results show possible linkage between TNF-α and NO, modulated by ovarian steroids, in the regulation of PG synthesis by BOECs that may be important for triggering the process of oviductal contractions. 相似文献