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The degradation of some dicarboximidic fungicides (chlozolinate, iprodione, procymidone and vinclozolin) has been studied in wine at pH values of 3.0 and 4.0, at 30°. The kinetic data obtained by observing the disappearance of the active ingredient (3.0 mg kg?1) showed the pseudo first-order rate constants to be higher at pH 4.0 than at 3.0, with a trend for the values to be in the order: chlozolinate > vinclozolin > procymidone > iprodione. 3, 5-Dichloroaniline was not detected as a degradation product of any of the compounds. Chlozolinate and vinclozolin in wine each yielded a major metabolite, the structures of which are proposed. 相似文献
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Tuula Piri 《Forest Pathology》1996,26(4):193-204
The occurrence of Heterobasidion annosum in stumps and growing trees was investigated on 15 forest sites in southern Finland where the previous tree stand had been Norway spruce (Picea abies) infected by H. annosum, and the present stand was either Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), Siberian larch (Larix siberica), silver birch (Betula pendula) or Norway spruce 8–53 years old. Out of 712 spruce stumps investigated of the previous tree stand, 26.3% were infected by the S group and 0.3% by the P group of H. annosum. The fungus was alive and the fruit bodies were active even in stumps cut 46 years ago. In the subsequent stand, the proportion of trees with root rot increased in spruce stands and decreased in stands of other tree species. On average, one S type genet spreading from an old spruce stump had infected 3.0 trees in the following spruce stand, 0.5 trees in lodgepole pine, 0.3 trees in Siberian larch, 0.05 trees in Scots pine and 0.03 trees in silver birch stand. Although silver birch generally was highly resistant to the S type of H. annosum, infected trees were found on one site that was planted with birch of a very northern provenance. 相似文献
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Prunus avium L. is one of the most important temperate zone fruits in the world. Most of the cherry cultivars always have difficulties of fertilization and fruit set due to self-incompatibility, so they need suitable and compatible pollinizers for commercial fruit production. In this experiment, pollination compatibility of cherry cultivars of ‘Napoleon’, ‘Burlat’, ‘Zhan’, and ‘Lambert’ was studied as both pollen recipients and donors. To determine the compatibility or incompatibility of pollinizers, percent of fruit set was calculated. This research was carried out as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. The final average fruit set in studied cultivars was different under self or cross-pollination. The results showed that ‘Napoleon’, ‘Zhan’ and ‘Lambert’ cultivars are the suitable pollinizers for ‘Burlat’. Also, ‘Burlat’ is a cultivar which produced many fruits under self-pollination. Therefore, ‘Burlat’ can be used as monoculture for orchard establishment. Results showed that cultivar ‘Napoleon’ was cross-incompatible with ‘Lambert’. ‘Zhan’, ‘Napoleon’ and ‘Lambert’ cultivars are founded self-incompatible and require cross-pollinations to obtain fruits.
相似文献4.
T. Piri 《Forest Pathology》1998,28(6):391-397
The effects of vitality fertilization on the growth of Heterobasidion annosum in roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies) were studied in a 53-year-old, naturally regenerated spruce stand in southern Finland. The fertilizer treatments were: (1), unfertilized control; (2), a compound fertilizer containing P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Cu, Zn and B; (3), as 2 with additional nitrogen; (4), as 3 with additional lime; and (5), a mixture composed on the basis of needle analysis, containing N, P, K and Cu. Three growing seasons after fertilization, four roots of eight trees in each treatment were inoculated with four different strains of H. annosum. Spread of the fungus from the inoculation point was determined after 12 months. Mean spread rates upwards in roots were 18.2, 25.6, 21.3, 26.0 and 29.8 cm/year in treatments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively. These results suggest a tendency towards faster growth by H. annosum in fertilized trees. However, there was considerable variation in fungal growth at both the tree and root level and differences between treatments were not statistically significant. 相似文献
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Jafarlou Ali Mehrban Pirivatlo Saeed Piri Salehi Behrouz Mogbli Amir Hoshang Hoseynzadeh 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2021,24(4):449-460
Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology - This survey is aimed at the assessment of the possible effect of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the micropropagation of commercial sweet... 相似文献
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Spatial distribution of Heterobasidion genets over a period of ca 50 years in two successive generations of Norway spruce (Picea abies) was unravelled. The genets were first identified in 1993 in a naturally regenerated 43‐year‐old spruce stand that had been thinned the previous winter. Heterobasidion parviporum was found in 17.5% of the old stumps of the previous spruce generation. Nine genets were identified on the study plot; seven of them were present in old stumps of the previous tree generation and two only in the new spruce generation. Eighteen spruce trees of the new generation were infected, 15 of them by vegetative growth of genets originating from the old stumps. The study plot was investigated again in 2005. No new genets had been established after thinning, and three old genets had died out. The remaining genets had infected five new trees, most likely from the thinning stumps of diseased trees. At the age of 56 years, 16.1% of the residual spruces were infected by Heterobasidion. The results of this study suggest that if spore infection to stumps of spruce can be prevented, the decay frequency caused by H. parviporum will not necessarily increase in successive generations. 相似文献
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The Preparation of conductive biocomposite fiber through Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) incorporation into biopolymer matrixes has stimulated much interest for bio-implant applications. The present study focuses on development and characterization of biocomposite fiber composed of chitosan (CHT) as a biopolymer and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) as a conductive filler. In term of processing, the most important challenge is to prepare a highly stable dispersion of MWNTs in biopolymer matrix. The hydrodynamic diameter distribution of CNTs in acetic acid solution acquired by dynamic light scattering (DLS).Results demonstrate the supreme stability of CNTs dispersion which is extremely essential for homogenous distribution of CNT in polymeric matrix. Rheological properties of the spinning solution have also been investigated to adjust the viscosity for fiber processing step. A range of viscosity between 2000–8000 cP, has been recorded in different CNT loading. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the surface and cross sectional area of the fibers reveal the formation of nano-pores after MWNT addition. The tensile strength show a maximum increase of about 33.65 % compared to bare CHT. Also, the measurement of four probe electrical conductivity for different MWNTs loading shows a maximum conductivity of 0.107 S/cm at percolation threshold of 2.89 wt%. 相似文献
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H Karami‐Shabankareh F Kafilzadeh V Piri H Mohammadi 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2013,48(6):945-953
This study examined the effects of dry glycerol supplementation on follicular growth, post‐partum interval to first ovulation, concentration of serum metabolites and hormones related to fertility, body condition score (BCS) and body weight (BW) in primiparous Holstein dairy cows. Sixty primiparous Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned to two groups (control: n = 30 and glycerol supplemented: n = 30). Dry glycerol (250 g/day/cow) was fed as a top dressing to the common lactating total mixed ration (TMR) from parturition to 21 days post‐partum. Ovaries were examined four times using ultrasonography on days 13, 19, 25 and 36 post‐partum to determine ovarian follicular growth. Concentration of serum metabolites and hormones was determined weekly. Body condition score was evaluated weekly from weeks 1 to 5 after parturition, and BWs were recorded three times on days 1, 11 and 21 during the experimental period. The cows fed dry glycerol had more large follicles (p < 0.0001) and corpora lutea (CL) (p = 0.02) compared with the control cows. Days to the first ovulation (p = 0.06), days to first oestrus (p = 0.05), services per conception (p = 0.06) and days open (p = 0.004) were positively affected by dry glycerol supplementation. Serum concentration of glucose and insulin was higher in dry glycerol‐supplemented cows (p = 0.1; p = 0.06, respectively). Feeding glycerol had no effect on mean serum concentrations of β‐hydroxybutyrate, non‐esterified fatty acids and IGF‐1 during the experimental period. However, significant differences were observed at concentration of BHBA and IGF‐1 (p = 0.02 and p = 0.04, respectively) between two groups on day 21 after calving. The cows in the glycerol‐fed group had higher serum progesterone concentrations on days 33 (p = 0.007) and 36 (p = 0.004) after calving. Supplemented cows had lower body condition loss during weeks 1–5 after calving compared with the control cows (0.34 vs 0.41 BCS). In week 13 post‐partum, the proportion of cycling cows was 83.3 and 69.9% for those which received supplemented or non‐supplemented diet, respectively. These results demonstrated that feeding dry glycerol as a glucogenic supply may be useful to improve negative energy balance and reproductive efficiency in young cows which calve with high requirement of energy. 相似文献
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Fakhar M Hajihasani A Maroufi S Alizadeh H Shirzad H Piri F Pagheh AS 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(2):319-322
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the Babesia infection in domestic animals in Kurdistan Province of Iran for the first time. In this survey, 9,111 domestic livestock,
including cattle and sheep, were randomly sampled and examined from 500 flocks in Kurdistan Province from July 2007 to September
2009. Thin peripheral blood smears were taken and then stained by Giemsa staining method. From a total of 9,111 collected
samples, 2,642 were sheep and 6,469 were cattle. Babesia spp. is detected in 1,359 (51.4%) out of sheep samples and 136 (2.1%) out of cattle samples by direct examination of blood
smear. Altogether, the prevalence rate of Babesia infection was 16.4% (n = 1,495) in both animal groups. Babesia ovis and Babesia bigemina were the most prevalent species found in sheep and cattle, respectively. The relatively high prevalence of Babesia infection in livestock indicates the epizootic stability status of babesiosis in the western part of Iran. 相似文献
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