Insulin and glucose regulation.     

Sarah L Ralston 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2002,18(2):295-304, vii

Abnormally high or low blood glucose and insulin concentrations after standardized glucose tolerance tests can reflect disorders such as pituitary dysfunction, polysaccharide storage myopathies, and other clinical disorders. Glucose and insulin responses, however, are modified by the diet to which the animal has adapted, time since it was last fed, and what it was fed. Body fat (obesity), fitness level, physiologic status, and stress also alter glucose and insulin metabolism. Therefore, it is important to consider these factors when evaluating glucose and insulin tests, especially if only one sample it taken. This article describes the factors affecting glucose and insulin metabolism in horses and how they might influence the interpretation of standardized tests of glucose tolerance.  相似文献   

蛋白质营养的未来是肽营养     

Sarah Mellor  梁正维 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》2001,(1):18-19

优化蛋白质营养不再仅仅是对日粮进行大致的氨基酸平衡。蛋白质的形式对猪的健康和生长会产生长远的影响。　　蛋白质摄入量是生长猪营养中的一个基本要素。要提高瘦肉生长率,就需要平衡良好的氨基酸以供蛋白质合成之用,这些氨基酸需要以一定的形式通过日粮来提供。现在能够对饲料进行精确的分析,并且有来源可靠的合成氨基酸,已经为猪的蛋白质营养提供了坚实的基础。然而,有时候这会导致过量氮的排泄,因为并非提供的所有的蛋白质都会被猪吸收。过量氮的排出,不但会造成浪费,而且还会对环境造成污染。近年来,新的证据表明,单独提供氨基酸可能…  相似文献   

Report of a Herbicide Conference at Uppsala, 1966     

Åke  Andersson 《Weed Research》1967,7(1):77-78

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Effect of live weight and dietary supplement of raw potato starch on the levels of skatole, androstenone, testosterone and oestrone sulphate in entire male pigs     

G. Zamaratskaia  J. Babol  K. Andersson 《Livestock Production Science》2005,93(3):235-243

This study evaluated the effect of supplement of raw potato starch (RPS) on the levels of skatole, androstenone, testosterone and oestrone sulphate in plasma from entire male pigs. The study also evaluated relationships between plasma levels of skatole and testicular steroids at three different live weights (LW) of approximately 90, 100 and 115 kg. A total of 111 entire male pigs of a crossbred (Yorkshire dams×Swedish Landrace sires) were used. Animals were raised either in mixed pens, with females and males, or single-sex pens. Each pen contained seven or nine pigs. The most fast-growing three pigs from the pens with nine pigs were slaughtered when they reached 90 kg LW, and the remaining pigs were slaughtered at 115 kg LW. All pigs were fed the same commercial diet until the average pen weight reached 100 kg. Then, 33 out of 80 remaining pigs received RPS, 0.6 kg per pig and day, for 2 weeks prior to slaughter. Blood samples were taken from the pigs at three occasions: first, the day prior to first slaughter occasion, low-weight group; second, the day prior to change in diet, middle-weight group; and third, the day prior to second slaughter occasion, high-weight group. Plasma was analysed for the levels of skatole, androstenone, testosterone and oestrone sulphate. Fat samples were taken at slaughter and analysed for the levels of skatole and androstenone. The levels of skatole and testicular steroids in plasma were significantly higher in entire male pigs from the high-weight group fed no RPS compared to those from low- and middle-weight groups. The levels of the investigated compounds did not differ between low- and middle-weight groups (P>0.1). The diet with RPS induced a decline in skatole levels in plasma and fat (P<0.001), but not plasma levels of testicular steroids and fat levels of androstenone (P>0.05). Skatole levels were positively correlated to testosterone and oestrone sulphate levels in the middle- and high-weight pigs fed no RPS as well as to testosterone in the low-weight group. In the high-weight group fed RPS, skatole levels were not correlated to any of the analysed compounds. Approximately 26% of the entire male pigs (11 out of 43) from the high-weight group fed no RPS produced skatole levels in fat above 0.20 μg/g, whereas the pigs from the low- and high-weight group fed RPS did not produce skatole levels above 0.20 μg/g in fat. Androstenone levels in fat were high in all groups. In total 47% (52 out of 111) pigs expressed androstenone levels above the rejection levels in fat of 1.0 μg/g and 88% (98 out of 111) had androstenone levels above 0.5 μg/g. It was concluded that a lower slaughter weight and the supplement of raw potato starch to the diet could be used to reduce skatole levels in entire male pigs. Androstenone levels in fat, however, could not be reduced by either a lower weight at slaughter or dietary manipulation.  相似文献   

Analysis of a Secreted Aspartic Peptidase Disruption Mutant of Glomerella cingulata     

Kim M. Plummer  Sarah J. Clark  Lana M. Ellis  Ashwini Loganathan  Taha H. Al-Samarrai  Erik H.A. Rikkerink  Patrick A. Sullivan  Matthew D. Templeton  Peter C. Farley 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(3):265-274

Peptidases have been implicated in the pathogenicity of fungi that cause disease in plants. Expression of the secreted aspartic peptidase gene (gcsap), of a Glomerella cingulata isolate pathogenic on apples, is induced during appressorium formation. To determine whether the secreted aspartic peptidase (GcSAP) is essential to pathogenicity, gcsap was disrupted using a vector containing a 637 bp fragment of genomic DNA that encodes the sequence spanning the two active site aspartic acid (Asp) residues. To ensure that the truncated gcsap gene products could not have residual peptidase activity the codons for the active site residues Asp¹¹² and Asp²⁹⁷ were both mutated to histidine residues. Both PCR and Southern analysis confirmed disruption of gcsap. Neither gcsap mRNA nor GcSAP activity was detected in the disruption mutant. Pathogenicity tests on fruit from three apple cultivars showed that GcSAP was not required for pathogenicity. The disruption mutant grew on medium containing protein as the sole source of nitrogen because G. cingulata secretes a previously undetected peptidase(s). A serine peptidase that had a pH optimum between pH 7.0 and 8.0 and a K _m of 0.25 mM for the synthetic substrate succinyl-Ala–Ala–Pro–Phe-p-nitroanilide was identified.  相似文献   

Characteristics of hemostasis during experimental Ehrlichia canis infection          下载免费PDF全文

Sarah Shropshire  Christine Olver  Michael Lappin 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2018,32(4):1334-1342

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Bovine viral diarrhea virus subgenotype 1b in water buffalos (Bubalus bubalis) from Brazil     

Paixão  Sonália Ferreira  Fritzen  Juliana Torres Tomazi  Crespo  Sarah Elizabeth Izzo  de Moraes Pereira  Helder  Alfieri  Alice Fernandes  Alfieri  Amauri Alcindo 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(8):1947-1950

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Serological studies have characterized the presence of the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection in water buffalo herds worldwide. However, the...  相似文献   

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on uncomplicated incisional and open wound healing in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Christian R. Latimer DVM  Cassie N. Lux DVM  DACVS‐SA  Sarah Roberts BS  DVM  Marti G. Drum DVM  PhD  DACVSMR  Cheryl Braswell DVM  DACVECC  Mee Ja M. Sula DVM  DACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(6):827-836

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Standing thyroidectomy in 10 horses          下载免费PDF全文

Marco Marcatili DVM  PhD  MRCVS  Sarah J. Voss BVMedSci  BVM  BVS  MRCVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(1):86-92

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Multiloculated solitary (unicameral) bone cyst in a young dog          下载免费PDF全文

Sarah C. Roode  Heather R. Shive  Willemijn Hoorntje  Jennifer Bernard  Devorah M. Stowe  Roy R. Pool  Carol B. Grindem 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2018,47(3):484-488

A 20‐month‐old female spayed Staffordshire Terrier (22.3 kg) presented to the Orthopedic Surgery Service at North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of a 6‐week history of toe‐touching to nonweight‐bearing lameness in the right hind limb. Radiographs of the right stifle revealed a multiloculated lytic lesion of the distal femur, with a large open lytic zone centrally, numerous osseous septations peripherally, and focal areas of cortical thinning and loss. An aspirate of the right distal femoral lesion yielded mildly cloudy serosanguineous fluid. Cytologic examination of the fluid revealed a pleomorphic population of discrete cells that exhibited marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis and a variable nuclear‐to‐cytoplasmic (N:C) ratio, which were interpreted as probable neoplastic cells, with few macrophages, and evidence of hemorrhage. Given the clinical signs of pain, lesion size, and concern for malignant neoplasia, amputation of the right hind limb was performed. Histologically, the lesion had undulating walls 1‐3 mm thick with a continuous outer layer of dense fibrous tissue and an inner layer composed of reactive cancellous bone with no cortical compacta remaining. Remnants of thin fibrous or fibro‐osseous septa projected from the bony wall into the cyst lumen. The final histologic diagnosis was a benign multiloculated solitary (unicameral) bone cyst of the distal right femur. Based on the histopathologic findings, it was speculated that the cells identified on cytology were a mixture of developing osteoclasts, osteoblasts, endothelial, and stromal cells. This is the first report describing the cytologic examination of a solitary bone cyst in veterinary medicine.  相似文献