Uneven ripening in ‘Bangalore blue’ grape (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) berries in India is linked to seed viability     

Seshadri Shivashankar  Manoharan Sumathi  Vala Keshava Rao 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2017,92(2):113-119

Uneven ripening (UR) is a physiological disorder of unknown origin in ‘Bangalore blue’ grape (Vitis vinifera × Vitis labrusca) leading to wine of inferior quality. A preliminary study found wide variations in total dehydrogenase activity (TDH) of seeds from unevenly ripe berries. In our experiments, gibberellin (GA₃) applied to young grapes increased seed TDH activity and reduced the incidence of uneven ripening to 2% compared with 35% in the control. In contrast, paclobutrazol (PBZ) decreased TDH activity and increased the incidence of the disorder to 58%. GA₃-treated berries had higher concentrations of sucrose and TDH activity in seed representing mature seeds with high viability. In contrast, PBZ-treated and control berries had higher concentrations of glucose and lower TDH activity, indicating immature seeds with low viability. These results suggested that competition among developing berries can lead to differences in seed gibberellin content, seed viability and the rate of berry growth resulting in green, purple, and black berries at harvest. The study established the role of seed viability in uneven ripening and demonstrated that the incidence of the disorder is reduced by the application of GA₃ to immature berries.  相似文献   

Reaction of Lycopersicon cultivars and wild accessions to tomato leaf curl virus     

V. Muniyappa  S. H. Jalikop  A. K. Saikia  Chennarayappa  G. Shivashankar  A. Ishwara Bhat  H. K. Ramappa 《Euphytica》1991,56(1):37-41

Summary 1201 tomato cultivars, breeding lines and accessions of Lycopersicon species were screened for tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) under field and laboratory conditions during summer seasons of 1986 to 1989. Two lines of L. hirsutum (PI 390658 and PI 390659) and 2 lines of L. peruvianum (PI 127830 and PI 127831) were resistant to TLCV infection. These accessions did not produce any leaf curl symptoms either in field or after inoculation by whitefly Bemisia tabaci with TLCV. Adult whiteflies died within 3 days after releasing on resistant accessions (PI 390658, PI 390659, PI 127830), whereas the whiteflies survived upto 25 days on susceptible tomato cultivars. Under field conditions 0–4 and 5–25 adult whiteflies were observed on resistant and susceptible cultivars respectively. Hybridization was effected using the popular tomato cultivars Arka Sourabh, and Arka Vikas, as the female parents and the resistant Lycopersicon wild species as the pollen parents, to incorporate the resistant gene(s) into the edible tomatoes.  相似文献   

Influence of rates and sources of nitrogen on growth,nitrogen uptake and yield of cotton (G. hirsutum L.)     

V. Seshadri  Rajendra Prasad 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1979,142(5):731-739

Field experiments on cotton with different forms of urea applied at rates of 40 and 80 kg N/ha were carried out. The results indicated that application of nitrogen increased plant height, dry matter accumulation, number of bolls per plant, seed cotton yield and nitrogen uptake. The proportion of dry matter and nitrogen in the stem was increased and that in the leaves was reduced by N application. Sulphur coated urea (all applied at sowing) was about the same in effect as N-Serve treated urea and gave significantly more seed cotton yield than untreated urea, neem cake treated urea and sulphur coated urea (applied in two splits). Nitrogen efficiency as expressed by kg seed cotton production per kg N applied was greater with 40 kg N/ha rate than with 80 kg N/ha. Sulphur coated urea (all applied at sowing) gave the highest nitrogen efficiency followed by N-Serve treated urea.  相似文献   

Genome sequence of the PCE-dechlorinating bacterium Dehalococcoides ethenogenes     

Seshadri R  Adrian L  Fouts DE  Eisen JA  Phillippy AM  Methe BA  Ward NL  Nelson WC  Deboy RT  Khouri HM  Kolonay JF  Dodson RJ  Daugherty SC  Brinkac LM  Sullivan SA  Madupu R  Nelson KE  Kang KH  Impraim M  Tran K  Robinson JM  Forberger HA  Fraser CM  Zinder SH  Heidelberg JF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5706):105-108

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Effect of straw and ammonium nitrate on growth,nitrogen fixation and yield of soybeans     

K. Shivashankar  K. Vlassal  J. Livens 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1976,139(3):357-360

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Expression of drought responsive genes in pigeonpea and in silico comparison with soybean cDNA library     

Nagaraja Deeplanaik  Ramesh Chapeyil Kumaran  Krishna Venkatarangaiah  Santosh Kumar Hulikal Shivashankar  Dadakhalandar Doddamani  Sandeep Telkar 《Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology》2013,16(4):243-251

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Use of continuous renal replacement therapy for treatment of dogs and cats with acute or acute-on-chronic renal failure: 33 cases (2002–2006)     

Shenandoah H. Diehl  DVM  DACVECC    Ravi Seshadri  DVM  DABVP  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2008,18(4):370-382

Objective: To describe the indications, clinical features, outcomes and complications associated with use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in 17 client-owned dogs and 16 client-owned cats with acute or acute-on-chronic renal failure refractory to aggressive medical management.
Series summary: Twenty-nine percent of dogs and 44% of cats had evidence of pre-existing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Median duration of CRRT was 16.3 hours (range 0.3–83.0 hours) in dogs and 11.5 hours (range 1.0–35.5 hours) in cats. Median canine blood urea nitrogen (BUN) improved from 41.0 mmol/L (115.0 mg/dL) to 11.8 mmol/L (33.0 mg/dL) and creatinine from 636.5 mmol/L (7.2 mg/dL) to 274 mmol/L (3.1 mg/dL). Median feline BUN improved from 46.4 mmol/L (130 mg/dL) to 13.9 mmol/L (39.0 mg/dL) and creatinine from 1069.6 mmol/L (12.1 mg/dL) to 291.7 mmol/L (3.3 mg/dL). Metabolic acidosis resolved in 80% of affected dogs and 71% of affected cats. Hyperkalemia resolved in 100% of affected dogs and 88% of affected cats. Complications noted with CRRT included iatrogenic hypokalemia, iatrogenic metabolic alkalosis, clinical hypocalcemia, total hypercalcemia, filter clotting, anemia, hypothermia, and neurologic complications. Forty-one percent of dogs and 44% of cats survived to discharge. No dogs and only 1 cat developed newly diagnosed CKD.
New or unique information provided: CRRT can be a viable option for the management of acute or acute-on-chronic renal failure in dogs and cats that are refractory to aggressive medical management. The frequency of complications associated with CRRT in this study warrants further experience with this modality before its widespread use can be recommended.  相似文献   

Characteristics and outcomes in surgical management of severe acute pancreatitis: 37 dogs (2001–2007)     

Lisa J. Thompson  DVM  ; Ravi Seshadri  DVM  DACVECC  DAVBP    Marc R. Raffe  DVM  MS  DACVA  DACVECC 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2009,19(2):165-173

Objective – Describe clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with canine patients undergoing surgical intervention for treatment of acute pancreatitis.
Design – Retrospective outcome study from 2001 to 2007.
Animals – Thirty-seven dogs.
Interventions – None.
Measurements and Main Results – The following data were collected for dogs who underwent surgical intervention in the course of treatment for severe acute pancreatitis: preoperative clinicopathologic and physical data, ultrasonographic findings, surgical procedure detail, histopathologic findings, and transfusion requirements. The survival rate was 80.8% in dogs with extrahepatic biliary obstruction, 64.3% in dogs undergoing necrosectomy, and 40.6% with pancreatic abscess. Overall survival was 63.6%. Surgical complications included intraoperative and postoperative hemorrhage in 12 dogs, postoperative development of diabetes mellitus in 3 dogs, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in 1 dog, and bacterial peritonitis in 2 dogs.
Conclusion – Surgical intervention and aggressive postoperative care may be pursued in select dogs with severe acute pancreatitis. In dogs with extrahepatic biliary obstruction secondary to acute pancreatitis, surgical intervention may be associated with a good prognosis whereas dogs with pancreatic abscess formation may have a more guarded prognosis.  相似文献   

Evaluation of chitosan and alginate immobilized Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20 on tomato plant growth     

Mak Chanratana  Gwang Hyun Han  Manoharan Melvin Joe  Aritra Roy Choudhury  Seshadri Sundaram  Md. Abdul Halim 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(11):1489-1502

Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20, a promising plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) and a biocontrol agent, was immobilized in different formulations such as wet chitosan, dry chitosan, wet alginate and dry alginate and were tested for tomato plant growth promotion. Chitosan solution (1.5%) with pH 5.5–6.0 and 90 min contact time was found optimal for immobilization. The chitosan formulations showed better entrapment efficiency and good degradability resistance apart from slow release of cells under prolonged incubation. Survivability of bacteria (80%) was observed in wet chitosan formulation even after 90 days of storage at 4°C. The spermosphere survival of bacteria was high in both dry and wet chitosan formulations applied soils even after 21 days under greenhouse conditions. While the alginate formulation degraded fully, partial degradation of chitosan formulation was observed even after 30 days, indicating its ability to support the survival of M. oryzae CBMB20 in soil. Plants inoculated with wet chitosan formulation registered 1.3 fold increase in the shoot and root length and dry weight compared to other treatments. Hence, chitosan formulation supporting better plant growth compared to alginate will be a better carrier for taking bacteria to the plant rhizosphere and thereby promote plant growth.  相似文献   

In vitro availability of iron from cereal meal with the addition of protein isolates and fenugreek leaves (Trigonella foenum-graecum)     

S. S. Jonnalagadda  S. Seshadri 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1994,45(2):119-125

In vitro iron availability was determined from a standard cereal meal (C) with and without the addition of protein isolates from bovine milk (BP), groundnut milk (GP) and soybean milk (SP). A second set of studies were done to investigate the potentially available iron from fenugreek leaves per se and the effect of their addition on the available iron from the cereal meal. The potentially available iron from the meal increased from 4.91% to 6.73% on the addition of BP. The next best enhancer was GP (4.91% to 6.17%). Although the addition of SP increased the total iron content of the cereal meal significantly, the percent available iron decreased compared to the other milk proteins. The addition of fenugreek leaves (100 g/meal) to the meal increased the total iron content of the meal significantly (3.24 mg to 9.12 mg) (p<.001), however, the available iron was observed to decrease (4.91% vs 4.34%).  相似文献