河南省小麦根、茎部内生真菌多样性及平板拮抗活性研究     

辛赫文  徐建强  杨岚  李华奇  侯颖  林晓民 《植物病理学报》2022,52(6):993-998

To investigate the community composition and diversity of fungal endophytes in wheat roots and stems from different soil types in Henan Province, tissue isolation method was used to isolate and purify endophytic fungi from wheat plants collected from 22 counties/districts in five soil types, and the identification of the fungal endophytes fungi was based on morphology and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence. The community composition and diversity of endophytic fungi were analyzed. The results showed that 426 endophytic fungi were affiliated with 23 genera, among which Chaetomium spp. had the highest number accounting for 23.2% of the total strain number, followed by Penicillium spp.. Five strains were tested for the antifungal activity against both Rhizoctonia Cerealis and Fusarium pseudograminearums on plate, and their inhibition rates against R. Cerealis ranged from 44.8% to 70.5% (zone widths 2.00~9.67 mm)while from 35.4% to 49.3% (zone widths 3.67~6.67 mm) against F. pseudograminearum. This paper clarifies the major taxa and their diversity of fungal endophytes in the roots and stems of wheat in different soil types in Henan Province, and their inhibitory effects on soil-borne fungi, providing a basis for the biological control of sharp eyespot and crown rot of wheat.  相似文献   

河南省小麦假禾谷镰孢菌对氟环唑的敏感性     

侯颖  辛赫文  张馨  范鑫诺  刘圣明  徐建强 《植物病理学报》2023,(2):307-316

为了解河南省假禾谷镰孢菌对氟环唑的敏感性，本文采用菌丝生长速率法测定了氟环唑对2019年从河南省16个地市分离的100株假禾谷镰孢菌的毒力。结果表明：氟环唑对供试菌株菌丝生长的EC₅₀值为0.002 4～0.505 4μg·mL^-1,EC₅₀平均值为(0.109 3±0.095 7)μg·mL^-1;敏感性频率分布图显示，89株供试菌株位于相应的主峰范围内，敏感性频率分布为连续单峰曲线，将其EC₅₀平均值为(0.082 1±0.046 8)μg·mL^-1作为假禾谷镰孢菌对氟环唑的敏感性基线。方差分析显示：不同地市菌株对氟环唑的敏感性差异较小，各地市菌株EC₅₀平均值变化范围为0.050 8～0.296 8μg·mL^-1;同一地市菌株对氟环唑的敏感性差异较大，商丘虞城最不敏感菌株的EC₅₀值是最敏感菌株的210.58倍。聚类分析表明：河南省假禾谷镰孢菌对氟环唑的敏感性差异与菌株的地理来源无明显关...  相似文献