DNA barcoding for identification of cryptic species in the field and existing museum collections: a case study of Aethomys and Micaelamys (Rodentia: Muridae)     

Metlholo Andries Phukuntsi  Helene Brettschneider  Desiré L Dalton  Teresa Kearney  Jacqueline Badenhorst  Antoinette Kotze 《African Zoology》2016,51(1):69-76

DNA barcoding has been proposed as a method for species identification. However, this method has been criticised for its over-reliance on a single mitochondrial gene. In this study, four mitochondrial gene regions and one nuclear gene region were used to investigate their different abilities to identify tissue associated with museum specimens of Aethomys chrysophilus, Aethomys ineptus and Micaelamys namaquensis. Aethomys chrysophilus and the more recently elevated A. ineptus are indistinguishable on morphological grounds; however, their ranges are largely parapatric with only one syntopic locality currently known. All of the mitochondrial gene regions were able to separate M. namaquensis from A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus, but they varied in their abilities to resolve differences between A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus. The sequence results identified a specimen from KwaZulu-Natal that was misclassified and should have been identified as A. ineptus. Seven specimens that had not been reclassified following the elevation of A. ineptus to species level were identified as A. ineptus. Individuals of A. chrysophilus from Malawi could not be classified as either A. chrysophilus or A. ineptus, and may be a hybrid or a new, distinct species. This study indicates that DNA barcoding may be used to separate M. namaquensis from A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus, and although it was not able to separate A. chrysophilus and A. ineptus, it did indicate specimens from Malawi may be a new cryptic species.  相似文献   

Inability to Detect a Choline Requirement for the Blue Tilapia Oreochromis aureus   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Andries J.  Roem Christopher C.  Kohler  Robert R.  Stickney 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》1990,21(3):238-240

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Association between cancer chemotherapy and canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, and rabies virus antibody titers in tumor-bearing dogs.     

C J Henry  D L McCaw  K V Brock  A M Stoker  J W Tyler  D J Tate  M L Higginbotham 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2001,219(9):1238-1241

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between cancer chemotherapy and serum canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), and rabies virus antibody titers in tumor-bearing dogs. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: 21 client-owned dogs with various malignancies and 16 client-owned dogs with lymphoma. PROCEDURE: In study A, serum antibody titers were measured by use of hemagglutination inhibition (CPV titers) or serum neutralization (CDV titers) before and at least 1 month after initiation of chemotherapy. Baseline values were compared with values obtained from a control population of 122 healthy dogs seen for routine revaccination. Titers were considered protective at > or = 1:96 for CDV and > or = 1:80 for CPV. In study B, serum IgG titers were measured by use of immunofluorescent assay (CDV and CPV titers) and rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT, rabies titers) at baseline and again at weeks 5, 8, and 24 of a standard chemotherapy protocol for treatment of lymphoma. An IgG titer of > or = 1:50 was considered protective for CPV and CDV. An RFFIT titer of > or = 0.5 U/ml was considered protective for rabies virus. RESULTS: Significant changes were not detected in CDV, CPV, and rabies virus titers following chemotherapy in tumor-bearing dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggest that established immunity to CDV, CPV, and rabies virus from previous vaccination is not significantly compromised by standard chemotherapy used to treat tumor-bearing dogs.  相似文献   

Effects of training on potassium homeostasis during exercise and skeletal muscle Na+,K(+)-ATPase concentration in young adult and middle-aged Dutch Warmblood horses     

Suwannachot P  Joosten BJ  Klarenbeek A  Hofma J  Enzerink E  van Weeren PR  Everts ME 《American journal of veterinary research》2005,66(7):1252-1258

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of moderate short-term training on K+ regulation in plasma and erythrocytes during exercise and on skeletal muscle Na+,K(+)-ATPase concentration in young adult and middle-aged horses. ANIMALS: Four 4- to 6-year-old and four 10- to 16-year-old Dutch Warmblood horses. PROCEDURE: The horses underwent a 6-minute exercise trial before and after 12 days of training. Skeletal muscle Na+,K(+)-ATPase concentration was analyzed in gluteus medius and semitendinosus muscle specimens before and after the 12-day training period. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the trials and at 3, 5, 7, and 10 minutes after cessation of exercise for assessment of several hematologic variables and analysis of plasma and whole-blood K+ concentrations. RESULTS: After training, Na+,K(+)-ATPase concentration in the gluteus medius, but not semitendinosus, muscle of middle-aged horses increased (32%), compared with pretraining values; this did not affect the degree of hyperkalemia that developed during exercise. The development of hyperkalemia during exercise in young adult horses was blunted (albeit not significantly) without any change in the concentration of Na+,K(+)-ATPase in either of the muscles. After training, the erythrocyte K+ concentration increased (7% to 10%) significantly in both groups of horses but did not change during the exercise trials. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In horses, the activation of skeletal muscle Na+,K(+)-ATPase during exercise is likely to decrease with age. Training appears to result in an increase in Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity in skeletal muscle with subsequent upregulation of Na+,K(+)-ATPase concentration if the existing Na+,K(+)-ATPase capacity cannot meet requirements.  相似文献   

The cat with exposed tooth roots: a missed diagnosis?     

van Foreest A 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2004,129(18):593-595

The distal roots of the mandibular molars (309 & 409) are often exposed in cats with chronic, recurrent inflammation of the oral mucous membranes. The disorder can be easily detected during a thorough investigation under light sedation. Some reasons are given why the diagnostic investigation is sometimes performed incompletely.  相似文献   

Henriëtte Vrieling veterinarian-dentist     

van Foreest A 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2004,129(17):568

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'I am becoming a veterinarian', said Aleid Lubberink and that she is!     

van Foreest A  Minderhoud K 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2012,137(7):476-477

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Vigour/tolerance trade‐off in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus) response to salinity stress is linked to leaf elemental composition     

Andries A. Temme  Kelly L. Kerr  Lisa A. Donovan 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2019,205(5):508-518

Developing more stress‐tolerant crops will require greater knowledge of the physiological basis of stress tolerance. Here, we explore how biomass declines in response to salinity relate to leaf traits across 20 genotypes of cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus). Plant growth, leaf physiological traits and leaf elemental composition were assessed after 21 days of salinity treatments (0, 50, 100, 150 or 200 mM NaCl) in a greenhouse study. There was a trade‐off in performance such that vigorous genotypes, those with higher biomass at 0 mM NaCl, had both a larger absolute decrease and proportional decrease in biomass due to increased salinity. More vigorous genotypes at control were less tolerant to salinity. Contrary to expectation, genotypes with a low increase in leaf Na and decrease in K:Na were not better at maintaining biomass with increasing salinity. Rather, genotypes with a greater reduction in leaf S and K content were better at maintaining biomass at increased salinity. While we found an overall trade‐off between sunflower vigour and salt tolerance, some genotypes were more tolerant than expected. Further analysis of the traits and mechanisms underlying this trade‐off may allow us to breed these into high‐vigour genotypes in order to increase their salt tolerance.  相似文献   

A review of climate change and the implementation of marine biodiversity legislation in the United Kingdom          下载免费PDF全文

Matthew Frost  Georgia Bayliss‐Brown  Paul Buckley  Martyn Cox  Stephen R. Dye  William G. Sanderson  Bethany Stoker  Narumon Withers Harvey 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2016,26(3):576-595

Evaluation of in vitro growth factor treatments on fibrochondrogenesis by synovial membrane cells from osteoarthritic and nonosteoarthritic joints of dogs     

Warnock JJ  Fox DB  Stoker AM  Cook JL 《American journal of veterinary research》2011,72(4):500-511

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