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Euphemia Papadopoulou-Mourkidou Athena Kotopoulou George Papadopoulos Christos Hatziphanis 《Pest management science》1995,45(2):111-116
The persistence of cyproconazole and quinalphos on/in grapes was investigated when both compounds were applied to vines at the locally recommended application frequencies and rates and at double these rates, using commercially available formulations. Residues of cyproconazole applied at recommended and double the recommended rates of application in/on grapes immediately after the last application were 0-049 (±0.034) and 0.077 (±0.008) mg kg?1, respectively, reduced to 0.011 (±0.003) and 0.018 (±0.010) mg kg?1 respectively seven days after the last application. The corresponding residue levels of quinalphos immediately following the last application were 1.42 (±0.10) and 3.36 (±0.07) mg kg?1, reduced to 0.043 (±0.002) and 0.072 (±0.028) mg kg?1 respectively 21 days after the last application. Cyproconazole, being systemic, is rapidly absorbed by the grape tissues and its residues dissipate with a half-life of three to four days, while quinalphos, being non-systemic, dissipates faster with a half-life of two or three days. The residues of both pesticides were analysed by a GLC-NPD system. 相似文献
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Weikum WM Vouloumanos A Navarra J Soto-Faraco S Sebastián-Gallés N Werker JF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5828):1159
This study shows that 4- and 6-month-old infants can discriminate languages (English from French) just from viewing silently presented articulations. By the age of 8 months, only bilingual (French-English) infants succeed at this task. These findings reveal a surprisingly early preparedness for visual language discrimination and highlight infants' selectivity for retaining only necessary perceptual sensitivities. 相似文献
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A criterion is proposed for assessing ranges of validity of equilibrium isotherms for phosphate sorption by soils. This criterion is based on the geometrical features commonly exhibited by such isotherms and is analogous to the one that was first formulated by Aharoni and Ungarish in connection with the kinetics of chemisorption reactions. Its use with equilibrium isotherms is illustrated with three widely used expressions for the representation of phosphate sorption by soils but it would also be expected to be useful in connection with sorption of other solutes by soils as well as by other adsorbents. 相似文献
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Factors affecting the efficacy of non-fumigant nematicides for controlling root-knot nematodes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Giannakou IO Karpouzas DG Anastasiades I Tsiropoulos NG Georgiadou A 《Pest management science》2005,61(10):961-972
Second-stage juveniles (J2) and egg masses of root-knot nematodes as well as root debris heavily infected by the latter were exposed for different periods of time to six different doses of the nematicides cadusafos and fenamiphos. The efficacy of the nematicides increased significantly with increasing exposure time. Both nematicides were more effective against J2, although they could not provide acceptable control of J2 inside egg masses or heavily galled root debris. The effect of different application strategies on the efficacy and persistence of certain nematicides was also assessed in a field study. Cadusafos, fenamiphos, fosthiazate and oxamyl were applied in field micro-plots either as a single full dose at the time of crop establishment or as multiple reduced-rate applications at 14-day intervals throughout the cropping period, and their efficacy and persistence were determined using bioassays and analytical studies. Fosthiazate was the most efficient nematicide studied, and this was mainly attributed to its long soil persistence. Oxamyl also provided adequate nematode control for the first 48-56 days after its application, regardless of the application method used and its relatively rapid field dissipation. Fenamiphos and cadusafos failed to provide adequate nematode control, although cadusafos was the most persistent of the nematicides tested. The failure of fenamiphos to provide adequate nematode control was mainly attributed to its rapid degradation by soil micro-organisms, which were stimulated after its repeated low-rate application at 14-day intervals. In contrast cadusafos failure was attributed to the inability of the nematicide to reduce nematode populations even at relatively high concentrations in soil. 相似文献
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Summary The effects of N fertilizer, irrigation and location on genotypic and environmental variances of barley and wheat varieties were studied in a series of trials. Genotypic variance for crude protein content, as well as for grain yield, tended to be higher under high N fertilizer rate (80 kg N/ha). The effect of N fertilizer rate on environmental variance varied with variety and location. Increase in crude protein content resulted in decrease in environmental variance for only a few of the varieties tested. The effect of quantity of irrigation water on genotypic and environmental variance for crude protein content was small.This work has been carried out under Research Contract No. 1037/GS with the International Atomic Energy Agency. 相似文献
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Quantitative and qualitative leukocyte abnormalities in dogs with experimental and naturally occurring acute canine monocytic ehrlichiosis 
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Air pollutants emissions from traffic are very closely connected to urban air quality, in a local scale, as well as to global
problems like climate change, in a large scale. Road transport air pollutants emissions represent, in most cases, a critical
parameter for a comprehensive and successful understanding of the mechanisms governing the air pollutants concentrations.
Hence, reliable estimations and comprehension of road transport emissions are indispensable in order to set reliable strategies
in the direction of air pollution abatement and management of air pollutants and greenhouse gases emissions. In this framework,
in the present work, the emissions of air pollutants from road transport in Greece will be presented for the whole period
1990–2009 as it was found that a detailed, accurate and reliable emissions inventory was missing. The whole period emissions
variation has clarified the impact of the change in the vehicle fleet, the engine technologies and the fuel quality. The calculated
results have revealed that the age of the vehicles and the corresponding engine technology are the critical parameters determining
the amount of the pollutants emitted. This was mainly observed in both passenger cars and heavy duty vehicles demonstrating
the importance of a renewal programme of the old circulating vehicles in order to set an effective air pollution abatement
strategy. Passenger cars were found to be responsible for the major part of most air pollutants emissions except from nitrogen
oxides and particulates emissions. Heavy duty vehicles contribute more than 66% to nitrogen oxides and particulates emissions.
For the whole time period, all calculated pollutants present a decreasing trend, with the exception of carbon dioxide and
nitrous oxide which increase constantly, ranging from −96% for sulphur dioxide to −1% for PM10. 相似文献
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